scholarly journals THIRD GENERATION BIODIESEL: A POTENTIAL SUSTAINABLE ENERGY SOURCE FROM MICROALGAE

2020 ◽  
pp. 144-149
Author(s):  
Sheetal Gadhiya ◽  
Anjali Shukla ◽  
Nainesh Modi
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Lipid Production ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
High Lipid ◽  
Realistic Option ◽  
Generation Biofuel ◽  
Net Energy Gain

Biofuel production from renewable sources is generally considered to be one of the most sustainable alternatives to fossil fuels, and a viable means of sustainability for the environment and the economy. Because of their rapid growth rate, CO2 fixation ability and high lipid production efficiency, microalgae are currently being promoted as an ideal third generation biofuel feedstock; they also do not compete with food or feed crops, and can be grown on non-arable soil. Biofuels can be generated in combination with flue gas CO2 mitigation, wastewater treatment and high value production. Seawater can be used to achieve microalgal farming employing microalgal organisms as the source. To be a realistic option, a biofuel must have few features such as net energy gain, eco-friendly, economically efficient and implementable in large volumes without affecting resources demand. In this study we present an overview of the use of microalgae for the production of biodiesel, including its cultivation, harvesting, and processing. Further it is suggested that biodiesel is an effective renewable substitute for petroleum diesel. KEYWORDS: Biodiesel, Biofuels, Carbon emission, Microalgae

scholarly journals The Use of Urea and Kelp Waste Extract is A Promising Strategy for Maximizing the Biomass Productivity and Lipid Content in Chlorella sorokiniana

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Nawaz Kumbhar ◽  
Meilin He ◽  
Abdul Razzaque Rajper ◽  
Khalil Ahmed Memon ◽  
Muhammad Rizwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Content ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Lipid Production ◽  
Total Lipid Content ◽  
Biomass Productivity ◽  
Chlorella Sorokiniana ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Promising Strategy ◽  
Waste Extract

The decline in fossil fuel reserves has forced researchers to seek out alternatives to fossil fuels. Microalgae are considered to be a promising feedstock for sustainable biofuel production. Previous studies have shown that urea is an important nitrogen source for cell growth and the lipid production of microalgae. The present study investigated the effect of different concentrations of urea combined with kelp waste extract on the biomass and lipid content of Chlorella sorokiniana. The results revealed that the highest cell density, 20.36 × 107 cells−1, and maximal dry biomass, 1.70 g/L, were achieved in the presence of 0.5 g/L of urea combined with 8% kelp waste extract. Similarly, the maximum chlorophyll a, b and beta carotenoid were 10.36 mg/L, 7.05, and 3.01 mg/L, respectively. The highest quantity of carbohydrate content, 290.51 µg/mL, was achieved in the presence of 0.2 g/L of urea and 8% kelp waste extract. The highest fluorescence intensity, 40.05 × 107 cells−1, and maximum total lipid content (30%) were achieved in the presence of 0.1 g/L of urea and 8% kelp waste extract. The current study suggests that the combination of urea and kelp waste extract is the best strategy to enhance the biomass and lipid content in Chlorella sorokiniana.

scholarly journals Biomass and lipid induction strategies in microalgae for biofuel production and other applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Alishah Aratboni ◽  
Nahid Rafiei ◽  
Raul Garcia-Granados ◽  
Abbas Alemzadeh ◽  
José Rubén Morones-Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Content ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Lipid Production ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Microalgae Biomass

Abstract The use of fossil fuels has been strongly related to critical problems currently affecting society, such as: global warming, global greenhouse effects and pollution. These problems have affected the homeostasis of living organisms worldwide at an alarming rate. Due to this, it is imperative to look for alternatives to the use of fossil fuels and one of the relevant substitutes are biofuels. There are different types of biofuels (categories and generations) that have been previously explored, but recently, the use of microalgae has been strongly considered for the production of biofuels since they present a series of advantages over other biofuel production sources: (a) they don’t need arable land to grow and therefore do not compete with food crops (like biofuels produced from corn, sugar cane and other plants) and; (b) they exhibit rapid biomass production containing high oil contents, at least 15 to 20 times higher than land based oleaginous crops. Hence, these unicellular photosynthetic microorganisms have received great attention from researches to use them in the large-scale production of biofuels. However, one disadvantage of using microalgae is the high economic cost due to the low-yields of lipid content in the microalgae biomass. Thus, development of different methods to enhance microalgae biomass, as well as lipid content in the microalgae cells, would lead to the development of a sustainable low-cost process to produce biofuels. Within the last 10 years, many studies have reported different methods and strategies to induce lipid production to obtain higher lipid accumulation in the biomass of microalgae cells; however, there is not a comprehensive review in the literature that highlights, compares and discusses these strategies. Here, we review these strategies which include modulating light intensity in cultures, controlling and varying CO2 levels and temperature, inducing nutrient starvation in the culture, the implementation of stress by incorporating heavy metal or inducing a high salinity condition, and the use of metabolic and genetic engineering techniques coupled with nanotechnology.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Potential of Rhodosporidium toruloides-1588 for High Lipid Production Using Undetoxified Wood Hydrolysate as a Carbon Source

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 5960
Author(s):  
Rahul Saini ◽  
Krishnamoorthy Hegde ◽  
Carlos Saul Osorio-Gonzalez ◽  
Satinder Kaur Brar ◽  
Pierre Vezina
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Lipid Production ◽  
Rhodosporidium Toruloides ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Sugar Consumption ◽  
High Lipid ◽  
Lipid Characterization ◽  
Forestry Residues ◽  
Wood Hydrolysate

The study aims to explore microbial lipid production using an abundant and low-cost lignocellulosic biomass derived from forestry residues. Sugar-rich undetoxified hydrolysate was prepared using hardwood and softwood sawdust and used for lipid production as a carbon source from an oleaginous yeast, Rhodosporidium toruloides-1588. The maximum biomass obtained was 17.09 and 19.56 g/L in hardwood and softwood hydrolysate, respectively. Sugar consumption in both hydrolysates was >95%, with a maximum lipid accumulation of 36.68% at 104 h and 35.24% at 96 h. Moreover, R. toruloides-1588 exhibited tolerance to several toxic compounds such as phenols, organic acids and furans present in hydrolysates. The lipid characterization showed several monosaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, making it a potential feedstock for biofuels and oleochemicals production. This study confirms the credibility of R. toruloides-1588 as a suitable lipid producer using hydrolysates from forestry residues as a substrate. Additionally, lipids obtained from R. toruloides-1588 could be a potential feedstock for advanced biofuel production as well as for food and pharmaceutical applications.

THIRD GENERATION BIOFUEL PRODUCTION FROM THE SEAWEEDS: AN INDIAN PERSPECTIVES

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
SATHISH CHENNURI ◽  
◽  
KRANTHI REKHA MUKKERI ◽  
KARAN KUMAR RAMTEKE ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Generation Biofuel

Microalgae: Sustainable resource of carbohydrates in third-generation biofuel production

2021 ◽  
Vol 150 ◽  
pp. 111464
Author(s):  
Chandrani Debnath ◽  
Tarun Kanti Bandyopadhyay ◽  
Biswanath Bhunia ◽  
Umesh Mishra ◽  
Selvaraju Narayanasamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Generation Biofuel

Research on the biodiversity of Western Siberia microalgae for third-generation biofuel production processes

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 487-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Piligaev ◽  
K. N. Sorokina ◽  
A. V. Bryanskaya ◽  
E. A. Demidov ◽  
R. G. Kukushkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Siberia ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Generation Biofuel

scholarly journals Microalgal Production of Biofuels Integrated with Wastewater Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 8797
Author(s):  
Merrylin Jayaseelan ◽  
Mohamed Usman ◽  
Adishkumar Somanathan ◽  
Sivashanmugam Palani ◽  
Gunasekaran Muniappan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Emission Power ◽  
Sustainable Future ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Generation Biofuel

Human civilization will need to reduce its impacts on air and water quality and reduce its use of fossil fuels in order to advance towards a more sustainable future. Using microalgae to treat wastewater as well as simultaneously produce biofuels is one of the approaches for a sustainable future. The manufacture of biofuels from microalgae is one of the next-generation biofuel solutions that has recently received a lot of interest, as it can remove nutrients from the wastewater whilst capturing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. The resulting biomass are employed to generate biofuels, which can run fuel cell vehicles of zero emission, power combustion engines and power plants. By cultivating microalgae in wastewater, eutrophication can be prevented, thereby enhancing the quality of the effluent. Thus, by combining wastewater treatment and biofuel production, the cost of the biofuels, as well as the environmental hazards, can be minimized, as there is a supply of free and already available nutrients and water. In this article, the steps involved to generate the various biofuels through microalgae are detailed.

scholarly journals Rapid Lipid Content Screening in Neochloris Oleoabundans by Carbon-Based Dielectrophoresis

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Cynthia M. Galicia-Medina ◽  
Matías Vázquez-Piñón ◽  
Sergio Camacho-León ◽  
Gibran S. Alemán-Nava ◽  
Roberto C. Gallo-Villanueva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Content ◽  
Lipid Production ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Neochloris Oleoabundans ◽  
Atmospheric Concentration ◽  
Machine Material ◽  
Fixation Rate ◽  
Screening Process ◽  
High Lipid

The use of microalgae as a biomass source for biofuel production has drawn the attention of many scientists due to several associated environmental advantages over conventional terrestrial crops, including microalgae growing using wastewaters and a higher CO2 fixation rate, contributing to the reduction of atmospheric concentration. Consequently, a reliable cytoplasmic lipid screening process in microalgae is a valuable asset for harvesting optimization in mass production processes. In this study, the heterogeneous cytoplasmic lipid content of Neochloris oleoabundans was dielectrophoretically assorted in a microfluidic device using castellated carbon microelectrodes. The experiments carried out over a wide frequency window (100 kHz to 30 MHz) at a fixed amplitude of 7 VPP showed a significant contrast between the dielectrophoretic behavior of high lipid content and low lipid content cells at the low frequency range (100–800 kHz). A weak response for the mid and high frequency ranges (1–30 MHz) was also identified for high and low lipid content samples, allowing one to establish an electrokinetic footprint of the studied strain. These results suggest that the development of a reliable screening process for harvesting optimization is possible through a fast and straightforward mechanism, such as dielectrophoresis, which is a low-cost and easy-to-machine material that employs glassy carbon. The experimental setup in this study involved in vitro culturing of nitrogen-replete (N+) and nitrogen-deplete (N-) cell suspensions to promote low and high lipid production in cells, respectively. Cell populations were monitored using spectrophotometry, and the resulting lipid development among cells was quantified by Nile red fluorescence.

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