Strengthening the differentiation of the development of territorial communities as a risk of decentralization reform

2019 ◽  
pp. 24-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliya Benovska
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Business Development ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Endogenous Factors ◽  
Financial Capacity ◽  
Conflict Situations ◽  
Communal Property ◽  
Decentralization Reform ◽  
Labor Resources

The paper investigates the strengthening of intraregional differentiation of the development of territorial communities in Ukraine under the influence of decentralization reform and administrative-territorial reform. The types of asymmetries of territorial communities’ development are identified, among them: organizational, functional, social, budgetary, institutional. The conducted analysis of organizational asymmetries related to the formation of territorial communities has made it possible to identify significant gaps by number and area of ??the united territorial communities (UTCs). The capacity and the size of the population of community are interrelated, because the large communities have greater opportunities for business development due to the availability of labor resources and the ability to hold infrastructure objects and institutions of communal property. Instead, small-scale UTCs are usually financially feasible only if they have budget-generating companies. Unfortunately, the creation of a significant part of UTCs has taken place without taking into account the capacity requirements and contrary to the requirements of the methodology in order to obtain additional authority and resources. As a result of violations, there were problems of the possibility of further functioning of newly formed territorial communities. Among the UTCs created during the years of reform, there is a strong differentiation by level of their financial capacity. The ratio between the minimum and maximum values of own revenues of UTCs’ budgets per inhabitant (asymmetric scale) is about 40 times. The distribution of UTCs’ revenues depending on the population size are analyzed and it is found out that with each subsequent year of power decentralization reforms the territorial communities with higher financial capacity were formed. The lack of sufficient economic potential for UTCs’ development is confirmed to be the reason of low level of financial capacity of their overwhelming majority. Attention is drawn to the necessity of leveling the risk of increasing differentiation and the gap between UTCs and territories that have not gone through the process of unification. The measures for overcoming intraregional development differentiations are proposed, among which is the necessity to adhere to certain criteria concerning population size, share of transfers in income, share of managerial expenses while the formation of a UTC; maximum use of endogenous factors of territorial communities’ development; elimination of conflict situations between the center and the periphery when planning the development of the territory, etc.

PENGUATAN KAPASITAS WIRAUSAHAWAN MIKRO MENGGUNAKAN METODE PENDAMPINGAN DI DESA MEKARGALIH, KECAMATAN JATINANGOR, KABUPATEN SUMEDANG

Dharmakarya ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
RUDI Saprudin DARWIS
Keyword(s):  
Service Learning ◽  
Business Development ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Learning Program ◽  
Student Service

ABSTRACTWeaknesses that are still commonly found in the businesses carried out by MSME entrepreneurs are the weakness of business accounting and packaging. Small scale business with limited marketing is seen as not requiring bookkeeping in its management and does not require packaging that is too good. This is the basis for the need for assistance to improve the capacity of MSME actors. Improving the capacity of MSME actors individually is done using the mentoring method. The choice to use a mentoring method to increase business productivity. Assistance was carried out with students of SMEs during the student service-learning program in Mekargalih Village, Jatinangor District, Sumedang Regency. Bookkeeping assistance is carried out by students by carrying out bookkeeping practices together so that the community can continue to learn good bookkeeping methods. Likewise, assistance in improving the quality of shredded chili packaging. Students help SMEs in designing packaging that will be used on their products. The assistance process is considered effective in supporting the business development of MSME entrepreneurs because the process can be carried out intensively. ABSTRAKKelemahan yang masih banyak ditemui pada usaha-usaha yang dilakukan pelaku UMKM adalah lemahnya pembukuan usaha dan pengemasannya. Skala usaha yang kecil dengan pemasaran yang terbatas dipandang tidak memerlukan pembukuan dalam pengelolaanya serta tidak memerlukan pengemasan yang terlalu bagus. Hal ini menjadi dasar perlunya dilakukan pendampingan untuk meningkatkan kapasitas pelaku UMKM. Peningkatan kapasitas pelaku UMKM secara perorangan dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode pendampingan. Pilihan untuk menggunakan metode pendampingan dalam meningkatkan produktivitas usahanya. Pendampingan dilakukan bersama mahasiswa terhadap pelaku UMKM selama pelaksanaan KKN mahasiswa di Desa Mekargalih, Kecamatan Jatinangor, Kabupaten Sumedang. Pendampingan pembukuan dilakukan mahasiswa dengan cara melakukan praktik pembukuan bersama-sama sehingga masyarakat bisa terus mempelajari cara pembukuan yang baik. Demikian juga dengan pendampingan dalam peningkatan mutu kualitas kemasan abon cabe. Mahasiswa membantu pelaku UMKM dalam merancang kemasan yang akan digunakan pada produknya. Proses pendampingan dinilai efektif dalam mendukung pengembangan usaha pelaku UMKM karena proses bisa dilakukan secara intensif.

scholarly journals Management of visual communications in insurance companies (on the example of using icons in logos)

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktor Trynchuk
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Identity ◽  
Business Development ◽  
Communication Process ◽  
Marketing Communications ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Insurance Company ◽  
Visual Communications ◽  
Sacred Art ◽  
Conflict Situations ◽  
Art Elements

This article is devoted to the study of insurance business development in Ukraine and Russia in the late XIX – early XXI centuries, generation and identification of special aspects of formation and use of sacred art elements in corporate identity of insurance companies. The purpose of this article is to discuss the concept of management of visual communications in insurance companies, an important component of which is the formation and development of brands in the insurance market, which include elements of sacred art. Corporate identity gives insurers a new methodology for managing marketing communications. The author proves the corporate identity of insurance companies and its place in the system of marketing communications. Due attention is paid to corporate identity of National Joint-Stock Insurance Company “Oranta” (Ukraine), Insurance LLC “Oranta” (Russia) and Insurance Company “Rossiya” (Russia). There are given examples of the use of Orans (Oranta) and the Burning Bush icons inscriptions in corporate identity of insurance companies. The author describes icons in corporate identity of insurance companies and definitely their role in the communication process. Conflict situations over the use of the Orans brand in Ukraine are analyzed. The need to be careful enough in using sacred symbols in the corporate style of insurance companies is emphasized. Evolution of the logo insurance companies is presented.Examples of integrating corporate identity into the strategy and tactics of insurance companies are shown.

scholarly journals Maintenance of Labor Resources as Fundamentals of Sustainable Manufacturing Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 432
Author(s):  
Karyna Danova ◽  
Viktoriia Malysheva ◽  
Volodymyr Rosokha ◽  
Irina Glushenkova ◽  
Nataliia Popovych
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Sustainable Manufacturing ◽  
Business Development ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Sustainable Business ◽  
Labor Resources ◽  
High Level ◽  
Additional Labor ◽  
Working Processes

It is impossible to ensure sustainable business development without solving the maintenance of labor resources issues that are included in the manufacturing process, as well as involving new employees to increase labor potential. The company can effectively confront the new challenges by attracting highly qualified employees for whom a high level of safety is important. Therefore, an important direction of sustainable business development is to increase the level of safety and create a comfortable working environment and optimize working processes to increase the efficiency of production activities, as well as prepare for the challenges that may arise in the process of company development. The article analyzes the statistics and structure of the socio-economic damage to business due to unsatisfactory working conditions and a high level of injuries on the example of the machine-building sector, and also considers aspects of maintenance of labor resources and ways to involve additional labor resources to ensure sustainable manufacturing development. Based on conducted analysis, an algorithm of implementation of managerial decisions was developed, aimed at ensuring the safety of personnel who carry out the work activities at the workplace, taking into account the modern concept of the “green workplace”. Involvement in the working process of additional labor reserves is carried out by creating favorable working conditions, assessing the special needs and level of ability of workers for optimization of working processes and increasing their efficiency. Keywords: Labor Resources, Sustainable Development, Safety, Disability.

scholarly journals Optimization tools of education network

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-15
Author(s):  
L. Benovska
Keyword(s):  
Public Involvement ◽  
Local Community ◽  
The State ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Infrastructure Management ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Financial Capacity ◽  
School Network ◽  
Decentralization Reform ◽  
Education Network

It is determined that school as a center of human capital formation, and as an institution requiring effective funding and management is the asset of the territorial community development. The main problems of the development of educational network of territorial communities in Lviv region related to the inconsistency of the educational network development to the demographic situation in the region, as well as the inefficient management system of educational institutions are identified in this paper. Non-optimized educational network is a burden on the development of the local community, as the community is forced to spend its own funds to finance educational needs, which in turn limits the funding of other activities, including infrastructure expenditures, development expenditures which are important for community life. The implementation of administrative and territorial decentralization reform faciliated the strengthening of local authorities role in educational infrastructure management, the increase of educational institutions autonomy and active public involvement in solving the problems of their management. The main tools for optimizing the educational network of local communities in the context of decentralization reform are identified and analyzed in this paper. The author considers them as: change of the principles of funding and transition to «funding per student», use of educational subvention and quantitative criteria for funding schools from the state budget, formation of educational districts and support institutions. Compared to other regions, Lviv region has dynamically reformed its educational network. However, the united territorial communities of Lviv region are less active founders of basic educational institutions than districts, and the students who study there, demonstrate lower level of knowledge in the assessment of the state final attestation and externally independent assessment. The influence of the educational subvention on the changes of the educational network in Lviv region is determined. It is determined that the use of buffers in the calculation of the index of financial capacity of the school network in 2021, significantly affected the level of differentiation of the index of financial capacity. This approach can be an obstacle to the optimization of the school network.

scholarly journals Finite Symmetries in Agent-Based Epidemic Models

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilberto M. Nakamura ◽  
Ana Carolina P. Monteiro ◽  
George C. Cardoso ◽  
Alexandre S. Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Transition Matrix ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Epidemic Models ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Stochastic Effects ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Computational Performance

Predictive analysis of epidemics often depends on the initial conditions of the outbreak, the structure of the afflicted population, and population size. However, disease outbreaks are subjected to fluctuations that may shape the spreading process. Agent-based epidemic models mitigate the issue by using a transition matrix which replicates stochastic effects observed in real epidemics. They have met considerable numerical success to simulate small scale epidemics. The problem grows exponentially with population size, reducing the usability of agent-based models for large scale epidemics. Here, we present an algorithm that explores permutation symmetries to enhance the computational performance of agent-based epidemic models. Our findings bound the stochastic process to a single eigenvalue sector, scaling down the dimension of the transition matrix to o ( N 2 ) .

E-Banking Project Management

2010 ◽  
pp. 167-189
Author(s):  
Mahmood Shah ◽  
Steve Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Project Management ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Business Development ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Important Concept ◽  
Managing Change ◽  
Management Techniques ◽  
Project Portfolios ◽  
Large Scale Project

Project management is an important concept in business development. Often, the development of information technology or managing change will be run as projects, and managed using various well established project management techniques and tools. E-banking is often treated like a large scale project and broken into several small scale projects to manage various different aspects (called project portfolios), ranging from BPR to make the organization ready for online operations, to actual implementation of e-banking technologies.

scholarly journals Satellite imagery technology in public health: analysis of site catchment areas for assessment of poliovirus circulation in Nigeria and Niger

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Takane ◽  
Shizu Yabe ◽  
Yumiko Tateshita ◽  
Yusuke Kobayashi ◽  
Akihiko Hino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Sewage Water ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Environmental Surveillance ◽  
Outbreak Response ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Selection Of

Environmental surveillance supplements the surveillance of acute flaccid paralysis by monitoring wastewater for poliovirus circulation. Building on previous work, we analysed wastewater flow to optimise selection and placement of sampling sites with higher digital surface model (DSM) resolution. The newly developed 5-m mesh DSM from the panchromatic, remote-sensing instruments for stereo mapping on-board the Japanese advanced land observing satellite was used to estimate catchment areas and flow of sewage water based on terrain topography. Optimal sampling sites for environmental surveillance were identified to maximise sensitivity to poliovirus circulation. Population data were overlaid to prioritise selection of catchment areas with dense populations. The results for Kano City, Nigeria were compared with an analysis based on existing 30- and 90-m mesh digital elevation model (DEM). Analysis based on 5-m mesh DSM was also conducted for three cities in Niger to prioritise the selection of new sites. The analysis demonstrated the feasibility of using DSMs to estimate catchment areas and population size for programme planning and outbreak response with respect to polio. Alternative sampling points in Kano City that would cover a greater population size have been identified and potential sampling sites in Niger are proposed. Comparison with lower-resolution DEMs suggests that the use of a 5-m mesh DSMs would be useful where the terrain is flat or includes small-scale topographic changes not captured by 30-m data searches.

Recovery of small rodent populations after population collapse

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 108 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Hein ◽  
J. Jacob
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
Small Mammal ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Small Rodent ◽  
Population Recovery ◽  
Population Collapse ◽  
Small Mammal Population ◽  
Recovery Mechanisms

In this review we summarise published knowledge regarding small mammal population recovery following sudden population collapse, regardless as to whether the collapse is caused by natural or man-made events. We determine recovery mechanisms, recovery time and recovery rate, and suggest how to adapt and optimise current methods to regulate small mammal population size, for pest management and/or conservation. It is vital that the principles underlying the recovery mechanisms are known for both pest control and conservation to align management methods to either maintain animal numbers at a permanent minimum level or increase population size. Collapses can be caused naturally, as in the declining phase of multi-annual fluctuations and after natural disasters, or by man-made events, such as pesticide application. In general, there are three ways population recovery can occur: (1) in situ survival and multiplication of a small remaining fraction of the population; (2) immigration; or (3) a combination of the two. The recovery mechanism strongly depends on life history strategy, social behaviour and density-dependent processes in population dynamics of the species in question. In addition, the kind of disturbance, its intensity and spatial scale, as well as environmental circumstances (e.g. the presence and distance of refuge areas) have to be taken into account. Recovery time can vary from a couple of days to several years depending on the reproductive potential of the species and the type of disturbances, regardless of whether the collapse is man made or natural. Ultimately, most populations rebound to levels equal to numbers before the collapse. Based on current knowledge, case-by-case decisions seem appropriate for small-scale conservation. For pest control, a large-scale approach seems necessary. Further investigations are required to make sound, species-specific recommendations.

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