scholarly journals (POST)COLONIAL DISCOURSE AND THE IRISH SELF IN THE WRITINGS OF J.S. LEFANU

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-84
Author(s):  
Richard Jorge
Keyword(s):  
Binary Relation ◽  
Postcolonial Theory ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gothic Literature ◽  
Colonial Discourse ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
The Third ◽  
Irish Case

It is widely accepted that the relationships of dominance between the self and the other are concurrent to both the Gothic genre and postcolonial theory. In Gothic literature this relationship has traditionally been expressed through the dichotomy self vs. other, in which the self is the male protagonist while the latter is “everything else in that world” (Day 19), Gothic literature being, thus, an exploration of the formation of identity. In colonial Gothic this is brought under the axiom colonizer-colonized, and, therefore, characters are analysed as manifestations of a dichotomy which usually links first the other to the monstrous, who is subsequently presented as the colonized subject. The Irish case further complicates this simple binary relation. The running argument of the present paper is that far from being a dichotomy, the Irish case is better understood as a triangle in which two of its vertices are fixed—Catholics/Irish and English—while the third vertex, that of the Anglo-Irish, gradually shifts positions from the English to the Irish one, following a creolization process in which they are both victims and victimizers. The characters in the fictions of J.S. Le Fanu all epitomize this constrained relationship, displaying an array of roles who do not comfortably fit into either category, showing a pervading feeling of being ill-at-ease. As this paper shows, a deeper reading reveals these figures to be just the opposite of what the prototypical colonialist figure ought to be—weak and feeble, terrorized rather than terrorizer, in awe of the other instead of subduing it.

scholarly journals HEGEMONI WACANA KOLONIAL DALAM CERPEN “MEREKA BILANG, SAYA MONYET” KARYA DJENAR MAHESA AYU: KAJIAN PASCAKOLONIAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-85
Author(s):  
Iwan Saputra
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Postcolonial Theory ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
The Other ◽  
Colonial Discourse ◽  
The Third ◽  
Other Hand

Hegemoni merupakan salah satu upaya yang dilakukan oleh penjajah untuk melanggengkan kekuasaannya. Dengan hegemoni tersebut, penjajah akan terus menjadi dominan terhadap kaum terjajah. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis berusaha mengelaborasi tentang bentuk dan model hegemoni wacana kolonial yang terdapat dalam cerpen mereka bilang, saya monyet karya Djenar Mahesa Ayu dengan menggunakan teori pascakolonial.  Adapun teori yang digunakan untuk menganalisis cerpen tersebut adalah konsep pascakolonial Homi K. Bhabha, yaitu tentang stereotype, mimicry dan hibriditas. Ketiga konsep tersebut dilakukan untuk melanggengkan hegemoni kolonial terhadap kaum terjajah. Kecemasan kolonial terhadap negara jajahan mendorong mereka untuk selalu berbagai upaya untuk meyakinkan pengaruh kolonial terhadap negara jajahan. Salah satu bentuk keyakinan tersebut adalah dengan menanamkan wacana kolonial dengan terus-menerus (repetition). Berdasarkan dari hasil analisis pada cerpen mereka bilang, saya monyet, peneliti menemukan bahwa hegemoni wacana kolonial dilakukan dengan cara penanaman identitas terhadap tokoh saya yang dianggap sebagai kelompok minoritas. Di sisi lain, peniruan yang dilakukan oleh tokoh saya merupakan upaya untuk mendapatkan pengakuan sebagai subjek yang memiliki identas. Peniruan tersebut sebagai bentuk hegemoni wacana kolonial pada tokoh saya agar terlihat sama dengan Kepala Anjing yang merepresentasikan kaum penjajah. Pengulangan (repetition) sikap yang ditunjukkan oleh Kepala Anjing pada tokoh saya merupakan bentuk hegemoni untuk meyakinkan tokoh saya.     Key Words: Hegemoni, dominasi, penjajah, terjajah. Abstract Hegemony is the colonial’s effort done to legitimate its domination. By this hegemony, the colonizer is dominant to colonize. In this research, the writer attempts to elaborate about form and model of hegemony of colonial’s discourse in Djenar Mahesa Ayu’s short story “mereka bilang, saya monyet, by using postcolonial theory.  To analyses this short story, the researcher would use the Homi K. Bhabha’s theory about postcolonial, that are stereotype, mimicry, and hybridity. The third concept is conducted to keep colonizer’s hegemony to colonized. The colonizer’s anxiety to colony encourages colonizer to do all effort to convince colonizer’s influence to colony. The colonizer attempts to do more ways by repetition of  colonizer’s discourse.  Based on the results of the analysis on their short story “mereka bilang, saya monyet”, the researcher found that the hegemony of colonial discourse was carried out by means of inculcating the identity of character “saya” who was considered a minority group. On the other hand, the mimicry made by character “saya” is an attempt to get recognition as a subject that has identity. The impersonation was a form of colonial discourse hegemony in character “saya” to make it look the same as the Dog's Head representing the invaders. Repetition of the attitude shown by the Dog Head to character “ saya” is a form of hegemony to convince.  Key Words: Hegemony, domination, colonizer, colonized.

scholarly journals Perepresentasian Liyan Dalam Novel Ushfur Min Ash-Sharq Karya Tawfiq Al-Hakim

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Hendra Apriyono
Keyword(s):  
Travel Literature ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Colonial Discourse ◽  
The West ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
East And West ◽  
The One ◽  
Western Hegemony

This research is motivated by the imbalance of relations between East and West in Arabic travel literature. The inequality is caused by the representation of the superior (West) and the inferior (East) which is constantly being produced. The novel Uṣfur min al-Syarq by Taufiq al-Hakim as one of Arabic travel literature is considered to offer a different view from other Arabic travel literature by proposing the value of equality between East and West. This research is expected to be able to resolve the problem of inequality in relations between East and West as represented in Arabic travel literature. This research uses another representation strategy from Carl Thompson's travel literary concept which consists of colonial, neo-colonial, and post-colonial strategies. The results of this study found that the representations of the others made by al-Hakim which were dominated by the use of colonial and post-colonial strategies showed that the author occupied two opposing positions. On the one hand, al-Hakim is still trapped in colonial discourse and on the other hand, al-Hakim is not entirely successful in bringing the post-colonial travel agenda to escape from Western hegemony. The equality proposed by al-Hakim regarding the East is inseparable from Western assistance. To realize the equality of the East and the West, al-Hakim used the superiority of the West to face the West in order to defend the East.

/ka-/ negative prefix of Choswateng Tibetan of Khams (Shangri-La, Yunnan)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 593-629
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Suzuki ◽  
Lozong Lhamo
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Feature ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
The South ◽  
Rhetorical Question ◽  
The Third ◽  
South Eastern

Abstract Choswateng Tibetan, spoken in the south-eastern corner of the Khams region, has three negative prefixes: /ȵi-/, /ma-/, and /ka-/. The first two are derived from two morphemes which are ubiquitous across Tibetic languages, whereas the third is a newly generated negative prefix found in Choswateng Tibetan as well as its surrounding dialects belonging to the rGyalthang subgroup of Khams and its neighbours. This article describes the morphological feature and use of the prefix /ka-/ in Choswateng Tibetan. Morphologically, the prefix /ka-/ can co-occur with most verbs except for the copulative verb /ˊreʔ/. Pragmatically, the prefix /ka-/ occurs and is restricted in the following ways: (1) expresses ‘definitely not’ for statements regarding the self, and ‘possibly not, judging from the speaker’s knowledge’ for statements regarding others; (2) co-occurs with egophoric and sensory evidentials; (3) is not used for a negation of accomplished aspect; and (4) does not deprive the function of the other two negative prefixes. These two analyzes are mutually related; it is suggested that the reason why /ka-/ cannot co-occur with the copulative verb /ˊreʔ/ is triggered by a contradiction of implied evidentials: /ka-/ is related to egophoric and sensory, whereas /ˊreʔ/ is statemental. Following the description of its use, we discuss the origin of /ka-/, claiming a possible grammaticalization from an interrogative word gar (‘where’ in Literary Tibetan and common throughout the rGyalthang area) in a rhetorical question to a prefix. Referring to several morphological features of /ka-/, we consider its grammaticalization as ongoing, but most advanced in Choswateng Tibetan.

The Scandal of Enlightenment and the Birth of Disciplines: Is International Law a Science?

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabhakar Singh
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Third World ◽  
The Other ◽  
Late Capitalism ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
The Third World

AbstractToday’s mainstream international law scholarship (MILS) is concerned primarily with the issue of its scientificity. This brings us to the larger epistemological questions of linear modernity, narratives of circular progress, role of colonisation and rejection of pre-science. International law is not a self-contained regime as it draws insights from all the other disciplines that were born after the Enlightenment. This article makes a psychological investigation using Nandy’s psycho-political framework under the third world approaches to international law (TWAIL). It also sees, as a case in point, the invasion of modernity via late capitalism into tribal life as modernity’s apology for the “third” disenchantment. International Law’s evolutionary scientificity, therefore, has been examined through psychology and mythology in the post-colonial world.

scholarly journals NEGOSIASI BUDAYA DAN DIALEKTIKA KEKUASAAN DALAM DISKURSUS (POS)KOLONIAL: DISKUSI TENTANG A BACKWARD PLACE KARYA R. P. JHABVALA (Cultural Negotiation and Power Dialectics in (Post)Colonial Discourse: A Discussion on R. P. Jhabvala’s A Backward Place)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
Fitria Mayasari
Keyword(s):  
Third World ◽  
Power Relation ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Colonial Discourse ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
The Third ◽  
Cultural Negotiation ◽  
The Third World ◽  
First World ◽  
World Image

Penyajian sejumlah teks sastra poskolonial berusaha mengubah citra dunia ketiga dalam dikotomi kaku dunia pertama/dunia ketiga, namun malah menunjukkan apa yang disebut Bhabha colonial mimicry di mana permasalahan ‘nativism’ justru mengasingkan isu identitas (origin) dan membentuk situs kekuasaan baru (Gandhi, 1998). Karya-karya Ruth Prawer Jhabvala, khususnya novel A Backward Place, mengindikasikan gejala tersebut. Esai ini membahas negosiasi budaya dan dialektika kekuasaan yang mengaburkan batasan-batasan biner kerangka pemikiran kolonial. Pendekatan yang  digunakan dalam analisis adalah pendekatan poskolonial. Analisis dalam esai ini berfokus pada persilangan kedua ideologi yang bertentangan pada ranah publik dan pada ranah domestik. Esai terlebih dahulu memetakan relasi kuasa di antara pribumi dan ekspatriat dalam narasi. Selanjutnya, negosiasi budaya dan dialektika kekuasaan dibahas berdasarkan pemetaan tersebut. Persilangan dua ideologi yang bertentangan dalam pemetaan kekuasaan yang sudah dianalisis menghasilkan narasi yang ambivalen.Abstract:  Many of postcolonial texts attempts to change the third world image within the rigid dichotomy first world/third world. However, their presentation ended up being what Bhabha called colonial mimicry in which the problem of ‘nativism’ alienates orginal identity and creates a new power site (Gandhi, 1998). Ruth Prawer Jhabvala’s works, specifically the novel A Backward Place, indicate the exact symptoms. This essay discusses cultural negotiation that blur boundaries between colonial dichotomy using postcolonial approach. Analysis focuses on the crossings of two contradicting ideologies both in public and domestic spheres.  First, power relation between the natives and expatriats in the narrative is mapped. Second, cultural negotiation and power dialectics is discussed based on that power relation mapping. The crossings of two conflicting ideologies is making the narrative ambivalent.

scholarly journals Postcolonial Merger/Dissolution of Identities in In-Between Spaces: A Diaspora Study of Ondaatje�s The English Patient

2018 ◽  
Vol III (IV) ◽  
pp. 647-661
Author(s):  
Qasim Shafiq ◽  
Asim Aqeel ◽  
Qamar Sumaira
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
World War ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Post World War Ii ◽  
Cultural Boundaries ◽  
Hybrid Space

The epistemological shift from colonialism to postcolonialism refashioned the colonial conceptualization of gender, race, geopolitical locale and sexual orientation to focus on those processes theorized by Homi K. Bhabha as 'in-between spaces'. With the delimitation of Michael Ondaatje's The English Patient (1992), this research explores how these 'in-between spaces' led colonialism and its subjects to the postcolonial / post-World War II milieu. The colonizers were not psychologically resilient enough to survive the hybrid 'in-between space' that dismantled the binary of the self and the other. The post-colonial subject, like the colonial subject, is a collage, not stable or autonomous, because it exists in a hybrid space of the enunciation of two cultures which cannot sustain its independent identity: in The English Patient, the diaspora located at the cultural boundaries of the Europeans and their home countries merges and dissolves into the in-between spaces acquainted with their anxiety and passion of nationhood and the nationlessness.

scholarly journals THE POSITIONING MATTERS OF THE DOLL’S HOUSE IN POSTCOLONIALISM

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwi Mega Fitriana
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Postcolonial Theory ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Upper Class ◽  
Social Discrimination ◽  
Social Oppression

<p>The purpose of this research is to analyze the self-positioning and social class phenomenon of <em>The Doll’s House</em>. It tells about social oppression create by upper to dominate lower class. Upper class takes part as dominant while lower class takes part as minority in society. This research uses qualitative research. The researcher needs postcolonial theory to identify the self-positioning between upper and lower class in the short story. The analysis reveals that upper class treats lower class to be the other, subaltern and create social discrimination. The conclusion is the upper class founds powerful, otherwise the lower class is found surviving not fighting from injustice.</p>

Questions for philosophical counselling

Human Affairs ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Blanka Šulavíková
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Critical Reasoning ◽  
Philosophical Counselling ◽  
The Third ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Classical Conception ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Way

AbstractThe article poses three questions relating to the self-definition of philosophical counselling: 1. Is it an alternative to psychological and psychotherapeutic approaches? 2. What is the therapeutic nature of philosophical counselling? 3. Is it contemplation or critical reasoning? The first part introduces some examples of the concepts that sharply distinguish philosophical counselling from psychological and psychotherapeutic approaches. It also considers those that mix these different approaches. The second part deals with the question of whether or not philosophical counselling can be considered to be a therapy. Some philosophical counsellors work on the belief that there is a synchrony between modern philosophical counselling and the classical conception of philosophy as therapy. Many, however, are of the opinion that it is not possible to speak of it in terms of therapy. The third part gives examples of the way in which philosophical counselling is understood to be contemplation and on the other hand of those who employ approaches based on critical thinking in philosophical counselling.

scholarly journals “I believe that my two tongues love each other cela ne m’étonnerait pas”: Self-Translation and the Construction of Sexual Identity

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-214
Author(s):  
Rainer Guldin
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Identity ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Final Part ◽  
Use Of Self ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Sexual Roles ◽  
Translational Activity ◽  
Textual Strategy ◽  
Conscious Control

Abstract In this paper I would like to explore the work of five bilingual writers focusing on the different narratives they develop in their use of (self-)translation as a textual strategy to fashion a sexual persona. Julia(e)n Green’s Le langage et son double/The Language and its Shadow and Louis Wolfson’s Le Schizo et les langues create narratives of severance and disjointing. The self-translational activity is used here to create perfectly separated spheres of (sexual) identity. Raymond Federman’s A Voice within a Voice and Christine Brooke-Rose’s Between, on the other hand, develop narratives of merging and mixing. The self-translating activity is viewed as a constant shifting and moving of sexual roles taking place in a sphere outside the conscious control of the writer. The final part of the paper will be dedicated to a discussion of Abdelkebir Khatibi’s Amour bilingue that fictionalizes the functioning of bilingualism and self-translation in terms of sexual roles, introducing, this way, a post-colonial dimension missing in the other texts.

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