scholarly journals Self-Cleaning Concretes: An Overview

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
ilker bekir topçu
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Civil Engineering ◽  
Effective Solution ◽  
Concrete Technology ◽  
Engineering Studies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Great Progress ◽  
Self Cleaning ◽  
Mineral Additives

Many studies have been carried out on the problems of civil engineering with the change of human problems today and in the past. These studies contributed to the development of concrete technology. Concrete is an important building material consisting of mixing aggregate, cement and water with or without chemical and mineral additives since the first day of use. Concrete technology has made great progress and continues. With developing concrete technology, self-cleaning concretes have emerged. Many studies have been conducted on self-cleaning concretes by researchers. This article reviews the research published on self-cleaning concretes and presents its role in reducing environmental pollution and its place in future engineering studies. When we look at the studies on self-cleaning concretes that emerged as a result of the developments in concrete technology, it is seen that the developments have progressed considerably. Contemporary civil engineering has provided a highly effective solution for the solution of modern problems. Environmentally friendly building materials will fulfil their duty in reducing air pollution, one of the biggest problems of our time. Self-cleaning buildings and roads that reduce pollution may sound like futuristic ideas, but it is not far away to encounter these structures more widely in our country and our world.

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence Methods and Their Applications in Civil Engineering

2015 ◽  
pp. 166-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Martínez-Barrera ◽  
Osman Gencel ◽  
Ahmet Beycioglu ◽  
Serkan Subaşı ◽  
Nelly González-Rivas
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Graphical User Interface ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Engineering Students ◽  
Civil Engineering ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Transportation Engineering ◽  
Concrete Technology ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Fuzzy Genetic

Simulation of material properties generally involves the development of a mathematical model derived from experimental data. In structural mechanics and construction materials contexts, recent experiments have reported that fuzzy logic (FL), artificial neural networks (ANNs), genetic algorithm (GA), and fuzzy genetic (FG) may offer a promising alternative. They are known as artificial intelligence (AI). In civil engineering, AI methods have been extensively used in the fields of civil engineering applications such as construction management, building materials, hydraulic, optimization, geotechnical and transportation engineering. Many studies have examined the applicability of AI methods to estimate concrete properties. This chapter described the principles of FL methods that can be taught to engineering students through MATLAB graphical user interface carried out in a postgraduate course on Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Engineering, discussed the application of Mamdani type in concrete technology and highlighted key studies related to the usability of FL in concrete technology.

scholarly journals CONCRETE CANOE: A COMPLEX CONCRETE TECHNOLOGY

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-55
Author(s):  
Péter Leczovics ◽  
Viktória Sugár
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Main Part ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Civil Engineering ◽  
Concrete Object ◽  
Concrete Technology ◽  
Rigid Frame

Abstract The Concrete Canoe Competition has been organized second time in Hungary in 2013. The main point of the competition is to design and create a floating concrete object with specified dimensions, which does not contain statically rigid frame. A speed-trial is also part of the contest. The team of Szent István University, Ybl Miklós Faculty of Architecture and Civil Engineering attended both the first (2012) and the second (2013) competition. In both years the main part of designing and creation of the canoe was under the direction of employees of Building Materials division of the Insitute. Building a concrete canoe proved to be a complex challenge. Knowledge of different engineering fields was required to solve the task - questions about material properties, hydrodynamics, statics, technologies were needed to be solved. Present paper introduces the authors’ experience, investigations, and means of realization of the concrete canoe.

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence Methods and Their Applications in Civil Engineering

Fuzzy Systems ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 1453-1477
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Martínez-Barrera ◽  
Osman Gencel ◽  
Ahmet Beycioglu ◽  
Serkan Subaşı ◽  
Nelly González-Rivas
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Graphical User Interface ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Engineering Students ◽  
Civil Engineering ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Transportation Engineering ◽  
Concrete Technology ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Fuzzy Genetic

Simulation of material properties generally involves the development of a mathematical model derived from experimental data. In structural mechanics and construction materials contexts, recent experiments have reported that fuzzy logic (FL), artificial neural networks (ANNs), genetic algorithm (GA), and fuzzy genetic (FG) may offer a promising alternative. They are known as artificial intelligence (AI). In civil engineering, AI methods have been extensively used in the fields of civil engineering applications such as construction management, building materials, hydraulic, optimization, geotechnical and transportation engineering. Many studies have examined the applicability of AI methods to estimate concrete properties. This chapter described the principles of FL methods that can be taught to engineering students through MATLAB graphical user interface carried out in a postgraduate course on Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Engineering, discussed the application of Mamdani type in concrete technology and highlighted key studies related to the usability of FL in concrete technology.

scholarly journals Tree Vitality and Forest Health: Can Tree-Ring Stable Isotopes Be Used as Indicators?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Cherubini ◽  
Giovanna Battipaglia ◽  
John L. Innes
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Forest Decline ◽  
Forest Health ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Tree Vitality ◽  
The Past ◽  
Physiological Processes

Abstract Purpose of Review Society is concerned about the long-term condition of the forests. Although a clear definition of forest health is still missing, to evaluate forest health, monitoring efforts in the past 40 years have concentrated on the assessment of tree vitality, trying to estimate tree photosynthesis rates and productivity. Used in monitoring forest decline in Central Europe since the 1980s, crown foliage transparency has been commonly believed to be the best indicator of tree condition in relation to air pollution, although annual variations appear more closely related to water stress. Although crown transparency is not a good indicator of tree photosynthesis rates, defoliation is still one of the most used indicators of tree vitality. Tree rings have been often used as indicators of past productivity. However, long-term tree growth trends are difficult to interpret because of sampling bias, and ring width patterns do not provide any information about tree physiological processes. Recent Findings In the past two decades, tree-ring stable isotopes have been used not only to reconstruct the impact of past climatic events, such as drought, but also in the study of forest decline induced by air pollution episodes, and other natural disturbances and environmental stress, such as pest outbreaks and wildfires. They have proven to be useful tools for understanding physiological processes and tree response to such stress factors. Summary Tree-ring stable isotopes integrate crown transpiration rates and photosynthesis rates and may enhance our understanding of tree vitality. They are promising indicators of tree vitality. We call for the use of tree-ring stable isotopes in future monitoring programmes.

scholarly journals Self-Cleaning Concrete for Landscaping Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 289 ◽  
pp. 05004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana-Maria Mircea
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Architecture ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Natural Process ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Catalytic Material ◽  
Self Cleaning ◽  
Agriculture Water

Negative effects of environmental pollution pose a significant risk to agriculture, water resources and human health. This can however be reduced by selecting appropriate materials in construction and landscape architecture. It is well-known that strong sunlight or ultraviolet light decomposes many organic materials in a slow natural process. Photocatalytic substances accelerate this process and when used in concrete (which is one of the most widely used construction materials), permit the treatment of pollutants close to their source by applying a self-cleaning principle: decomposing organic materials, biological materials and pollutants into molecules like oxygen, water, carbon dioxide, nitrates, and sulphates. Catalytic material activation will start due to energy that is received from sunlight (it also can be activated using artificial lights), and self-cleaning begins when this material is activated. Beside other properties, this innovative self-cleaning concrete also keeps its colour for far longer than other traditional building materials, making it a desirable solution for landscaping applications.

Ruling out Change: Institutional Impediments to Transfer of Technology in Ship Building and Design in the Far East

Itinerario ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 142-152
Author(s):  
Bao Leshi
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Far East ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Ship Building ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transfer Of Technology ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Technological Tradition

In the Chinese technological tradition, no sector, apart from that of agriculture, is as rich in original ideas as naval architecture. Over the past three millennia, hundreds of different types of craft have been developed for use on China's shallow lakes, on its fast flowing rivers and along its often stormy coastal waters. Each type was developed for specific use as a means of transportation, and would seem to represent the ultimate answer to the challenges posed by local conditions. Ultimate answer, that is, within the limitations of the traditional building materials with which these boats were constructed and fitted out. Nor was ingenuity confined to construction techniques.

The Development of Green Building Materials Trend in China

2013 ◽  
Vol 357-360 ◽  
pp. 1070-1073
Author(s):  
Bao Zhu Sheng
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Civil Engineering ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Engineering Construction ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Green Building Materials ◽  
History Of ◽  
Development Tendency

Building material is the base of civil engineering construction, in the history of thousands of years of development, building materials also gradually change and change, and is closely related to the progress of human civilization and the development of science and technology.Green building materials has the vital significance to the construction of a conservation-oriented society and sustainable development, in accordance with China's social development.This paper introduces the importance of the development of green building materials,analyzes some factors influencing the development of green building materials in China,and discusses the development tendency of green building materials in China.

A MODERN CITY. LIVING REALITIES OF HISTORY

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-154
Author(s):  
Mikhail V. DUTSEV
Keyword(s):  
Civil Engineering ◽  
State University ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Modern City ◽  
The Past ◽  
Spiritual World ◽  
Material Reality ◽  
Mental Space ◽  
Professional Context ◽  
Archetypal Images

The article is devoted to the reality of the modern historical city in the totality of the actual values of the valuable heritage, traces of the past, mental codes, archetypal images and the memory of civilization. The place of history in today’s socio-cultural fi eld and in the professional context is not clearly defi ned. Together with the understanding of the need to preserve the heritage, traces and memory of the past, there are global trends that mediate the features of the glocal in architecture. However, even this compromise cannot fully demonstrate the complexity of the historical city viability. According to the author, it is necessary to search for reasons that sometimes appear outside the material reality, but address directly to the spiritual world and mental space of a person, which is the main purpose of the article. The emphasis is placed on the artistic dimension of environmental realities, which allows us to determine the living connections of history and modernity on the basis of the author’s concept of artc integration. The article is illustrated by some results of cooperation between the Nizhny Novgorod State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering and the Polytechnic University of Milan (Politecnico di Milano) in the fi eld of reconstruction and renovation of historically valuable territories and author’s photographs.

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