scholarly journals The Crucifix in State Schools in Italy, Victim of Globalization, between Freedom of Religion and Freedom of Education

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Renata Tokrri
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Constitutional History ◽  
The People ◽  
European Court ◽  
Catholic Religion ◽  
History Of ◽  
Entire History ◽  
Religious Indoctrination ◽  
State Schools

The interest to analyse the phenomenon of the exposure of religious symbols, particularly of the crucifix, in state schools in Italy and the principle of secularism, derives from the cultural and constitutional peculiarities that this system presents, as a consequence of the historical and cultural events that have influenced its ordering. First of all, it must be pointed out, as indeed it is evident, that Catholicism was the dominant faith for about two thousand years, and until recently, almost the only one. The Catholic religion has crossed the entire history of the country, penetrating and intertwining with the socio-cultural dynamics. For this reason, the Italian constitutional history has been crossed by the principle of tolerance. The latter can be considered clearly out-dated only with the Republican Constitution of 1948, thus the legal system emptied itself of its confessionalism. The last few years, as a result of strong migratory flows, the religious-cultural landscape, not only in Italy, but throughout Europe it seems to have changed. Other cultures have brought their own customs, languages and religions like a wave. Thus we are witnessing an extraordinary social, economic and juridical transformation. In this multicultural mosaic, the clash between civilizations could not be missing. Minorities have in many cases felt they were discriminated against, bullied and offended by the display in public buildings (schools, courtrooms, hospitals, etc.) of the symbol par excellence of Christianity, namely the crucifix, arousing the protest of parents of different faiths. All this has produced legal conflicts and jurisprudential rulings that have involved the European Court of Human Rights itself. This discussion aims to analyze from a socio-juridical point of view, the consequences of religious symbology external to educational institutions and to be able to give a juridical truth, stripped of religious indoctrination. This path will not be easy since every element inherent to religion touches delicate aspects, linked in particular with what is most profound in the people and culture of a country.   Received: 2 March 2021 / Accepted: 14 April 2021 / Published: 10 May 2021

Ethnohermeneutics Russian fairy tales

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Марина Пименова ◽  
Marina Pimenova
Keyword(s):  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Folk Tales ◽  
Russian People ◽  
The People ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of

The monograph describes Russian folk tales from an unusual point of view. It deals with the mentality of the Russian people, language categorization, conceptualization, specifics of the manifestation of the national mentality. The monograph is intended for philologists, culturologists, psychologists and a wide range of readers interested in the problems of mentality, language, psychology, astronomy, culture and the history of the people.

scholarly journals Recognizing indigenous knowledge of the Karangwangi Rural Landscape in South Cianjur, Indonesia for sustainable land management

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1722-1729
Author(s):  
FATIYA AMELIA ◽  
JOHAN ISKANDAR ◽  
RUHYAT PARTASMITA ◽  
NICHOLAS MALONE
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Land Management ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Home Garden ◽  
Ecological Knowledge ◽  
Sustainable Land Management ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of

Amelia F, Iskandar J, Partasmita R, Malone N. 2018. Recognizing indigenous knowledge of the Karangwangi Rural Landscape in South Cianjur, Indonesia for sustainable land management. Biodiversitas 19: 1722-1729. Karangwangi is a rural community on the south coast of West Java, Indonesia. The people of Karangwangi possess traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) of local landscapes through cultural inheritance and personal experiences of interacting with their environment. The people of Karangwani Village recognize various natural-cultural landscape types, including leuweung (forest); swidden field (huma); wet rice fields (sawah); home garden (pekarangan); garden (kebun); mixed-garden (kebun campuran); river (sungai); and sea (laut). These various landscapes have continuously changed over time due to people’s socio-economic and cultural activities. The aim of this study was to develop an ethnoecological approach to elucidate historical changes to the Karangwangi landscapes. Toward this aim, we conducted mixed-method, qualitative and quantitative research. In addition to recognizing the various types of cultural and natural landscapes, the local people of Karangwangi are able to describe the history of landscape changes between 1950 to 2017. As identified by informants, these changes have been caused by various factors, including increases in population density, implementation of government policies and village development.

scholarly journals Aesthetics of Expediency, Identity and Chaos in Design

ICONI ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 48-58
Author(s):  
Anastasia S. Kondrashova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
State Prize ◽  
The People ◽  
Design Culture ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Dead End ◽  
Design For All ◽  
History Of ◽  
Design Style ◽  
Creative Life

The article touches on various areas through which the concept of design, its theoretical and practical components can be examined, what is the designer’s thinking from the point of view of philosophy and aesthetics by the example of the real creative life of famous artistic and aesthetic fi gures. Identity, chaos, expediency — those are the defi ning terms, whose subtleties are based on the scholarly works of Vladimir F. Sidorenko (Professor of the Moscow Textile Academy, member of the Artists’ Union, member of the Designers’ Union, Doctor of Art History, Laureate of the State Prize in Literature and Art). The article discloses the features of the aesthetics of expediency, the application of the abbreviation of this term. The time period from the 1920 to the 1880 of the last century suffi ces for explaining the foundations of the aesthetics of expediency, since it is during this time period that we can observe a surge of the most striking movements in art which infl uenced the design style. The world of design and the people of the design culture in it, imitation of nature and retreating from it — all of this is, undoubtedly, relevant for our time. In the decade of the 2020s, when many trends in art are arriving at a dead end, and sometimes even to their logical conclusion, it is important to go one century back, to the sources, to learn from the experience of our predecessors in the artistic fi eld. It is useful for contemporary artists to study what the contemporaries of the past years arrived at earlier in order to achieve their artistic success and remain in the history of design for all times.

Chomsky, the State and the True Believer

Worldview ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-16
Author(s):  
John P. Sisk
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
The State ◽  
True Believer ◽  
The People ◽  
Mikhail Bakunin ◽  
History Of ◽  
Entire History

The best way to begin Noam Chomsky's For Reasons of State is to read the epigraph, a lengthy quotation from the nineteenth-century anarchist saint, Mikhail Bakunin, from which the title is taken. Central to it is an impassioned assertion that “the entire history of ancient and modern states is merely a series of revolting crimes” and that kings, ministers, statesmen, bureaucrats and warriors, past and present, “if judged from the standpoint of simple morality and human justice, have a hundred, a thousand times over earned their sentence to hard labor or to the gallows.” It is a fiery and, in more ways than Chomsky may have intended, an entirely appropriate invocation. This is the Bakunin who appears later in the book, in “Notes on Anarchism,” as the eloquent sniffer-out of the coming “red bureaucracy,” the confessed “fanatic lover of liberty,” the prophet of thai “intelligent and truly noble part of youth” that will ultimately adopt the cause of the people.

Canonical analysis of facial variation

1972 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Brothwell ◽  
M. J. R. Healy ◽  
R. G. Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Population History ◽  
Canonical Analysis ◽  
The People ◽  
New Thinking ◽  
The Face ◽  
Group Variation ◽  
History Of

Although the face is one of the most variable parts of the human physique, there is little recent work on this region. Consequently, there is a need for an appraisal of the variation, new thinking as regards the methodology of recording and analysis, and further thought as to the possible applications of such methods. The present exploratory study uses information derived from standardized photographs, to try to elucidate the affinities—and thus the population history—of the people of Tristan da Cunha and the Ainu of Japan. The methods used have also permitted a consideration of within-group variation from the point of view of family differences and varying degrees of admixture. The potential biosocial as well as anthropological value of this type of investigation is discussed.

scholarly journals Ethnonyms formed on the basis of lexical units denoting an occupation, professions

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Tunzala Bakhshiyeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Explanation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Linguistic Information ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of

Ethnonyms are one of the most interesting, important and necessary directions of Azerbaijani onomasticism. Ethnonyms contain valuable information about the history of the people. Ethnonyms among onomastic units are considered one of the most ancient and stable lexical units of the language. They retain linguistic information related to the history of the language; the article examines ethnonyms formed on the basis of artistic and professional expressions of Azerbaijan, such as Yurdu, Sabunchu, Shatyr, Kepenekchi, Eherchi, as well as toponyms formed on their basis. These onomastic units were created in differrent periods of history. Some of the oldest names of the professions found in the ethnonym involved in the study are archaic from the point of view of the modern Azerbaijani language. Their significance can be explained only when referring to the sources of modern Turkic dialects and dialects. So far, some studies have been conducted on ethnonymy in Azerbaijani onomasticism. However, although some linguistic research is being carried out in this area, many problems remain to be solved. One of the tasks before them is to collect ethnonyms, give them a scientific explanation and determine the range of distribution.

scholarly journals Kilka uwag o pleonazmach i tautologiach z perspektywy historyka języka

2021 ◽  
pp. 468-477
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Janowska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
Entire History

Some remarks about pleonasms and tautologies from the point of view of a historian of language Summary The problems associated with redundance constitute an object of interest among the researchers of the modern Polish language. From the point of view of a historian, all of these problems are, or perhaps “should be” crucial, for redundance is a conditio which facilitates the existence of such an entity as language – in time. However, a historical perspective which could demonstrate at least the scale of this phenomenon in the entire history of the Polish language heretofore has not been provided. The article is devoted to instances of pleonasm and tautological structures, their variability and stability. As it turns out, many of them are relatively permanent; they have functioned in the Polish language for centuries. Even though they have received criticism in e.g. dictionaries of modern Polish usage, treated as erroneous in various teaching-related publications, they continue to appear in the spoken language and in texts which represent various styles, e.g: w dniu dzisiejszym (which has been a part of the Polish lexicon since at least the 16th century), cofać się do tyłu, miesiąc kwiecień etc. This fact prompts us to re-evaluate their status.

scholarly journals MAKNA SEJARAH DAN BUDAYA DALAM SITUS JATIGEDE SUMEDANG

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 547
Author(s):  
Dade Mahzuni
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ancient History ◽  
West Java ◽  
Pyramidal Structure ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Historical Sites ◽  
Complex Culture

AbstrakRencana pemerintah untuk membangun bendungan atau Waduk Jatigedetentunya akan membawa manfaat bagi masyarakat Sumedang khususnya dan JawaBarat pada umumnya. Akan tetapi di balik manfaat dan keuntungan yang akandidapatkan dari pembangunan Waduk Jatigede tersebut, terdapat pula dampaknegatifnya, yaitu berkaitan dengan keberadaan situs-situs sejarah yang terdapatdi daerah setempat. Secara historis, situs-situs yang berada di daerah Jatigede dansekitarnya, yang berjumlah sekitar 25 situs, merupakan peninggalan masa prasejarah(megalitikum) dan masa Kerajaan Tembong Agung atau Sumedang Larang. Olehkarena itu, keberadaan situs-situs tersebut memiliki arti dan nilai yang penting untukpendalaman pengkajian sejarah kuno Jawa Barat.Informasi arkeologis dan kesejarahan yang dikandung dalam situs-situstersebut, baik secara tersurat mapun tersirat, mengandung makna bahwa masyarakatJatigede dan sekitarnya, sejak awal keberadaannya sudah memiliki budaya yangmapan: masyarakat sudah hidup dengan pola menetap, memiliki pengetahuan danpengalaman bercocok tanam dan membuat barang-barang keperluan rumah tanggadan keperluan hidup lainnya, mereka juga sudah memiliki kepercayaan animisme dandinamisme. Selain itu, melihat arah dan posisi makam-makam pada sejumlah situs,menunjukkan makam Islam, tetapi dengan struktur makam berupa punden berundak.Hal ini menunjukkan telah terjadinya akulturasi budaya. Makna budaya pada situsjuga tercermin dari cerita-cerita rakyat yang berkaitan dengan situs, yang di dalamnyamengandung nilai-nilai budaya dan sastra.Apabila seluruh atau sebagian situs-situs yang berada di daerah Jatigede dansekitarnya ditenggelamkan atau direlokasi ke tempat lain sejalan dengan pembangunanwaduk Jatigede, maka makna dan nilai sejarah dan budayanya akan turut hilang atauberkurang. Hal ini disebabkan karena kesejarahan dan kebudayaan selalu berkaitandengan tempat (site) dan benda-benda.AbstractThe government plans to build a dam in Jatigede. This dam will be beneficialto the people of West Java, especially Sumedangians. On the other hand, the dam willhave negative impacts on historical sites in the area. Jatigede has approximately25 historical sites than spans from prehistoric period (megalithicum) to the time ofTembong Agung Kingdom or Sumedang Larang. These sites are very important to thestudy of ancient history of West Java.From the historical and archaeological point of view, those sites inform usthat the people of Jatigede developed a quite complex culture at that time: they livedsedentarily, and already had techniques and knowledge for cultivating lands. Theyalso made household apparatus and any other equipments as well as developingbeliefs in animism and dynamism. Their cemeteries show that there was acculturation between Islam (the orientation) and local beliefs (pyramidal structure). The folktalesof the sites contain cultural and literary values.If all the sites have to be drowned due to the construction of the dam, thehistorical meaning and values of them will be vanished forever.

scholarly journals RESEARCHES OF IVAN OHIJENKO IN UKRAINIAN STUDIES FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF HIS SCIENTIFIC POSITION IN EMIGRATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 108-113
Author(s):  
Liudmyla Sorochuk
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Spiritual Values ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Language History ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

The article raises the issue of the importance of Ukrainian studies by Ivan Ogienko, as a representative of the Ukrainian intellectual elite in emigration, because his works influenced the progress of cultural, educational and spiritual life of Ukrainians both in our country and abroad. It is known that he is one of the founders of Ukrainian science and education and an outstanding Ukrainian educator of the twentieth century. The role of preserving national identity, spiritual values, patriotism of the outstanding scientist, teacher, linguist, culturologist, public and church figure, Ivan Ogienko, through the prism of hard work, incredible diligence, stability and consistency in scientific research is emphasized. Attention is focused on the fact that the Ukrainian scientist was the bearer of national and cultural ideas and spiritual values of his people. The opinion is confirmed that the world recognition of I. Ogienko / Metropolitan Ilarion was brought by fundamental works on the history of Ukrainian culture, language, history of the church, which have not lost their scientific significance even today. The scientist-researcher made dictionaries, headed the Ministry of Education of the Ukrainian People's Republic, and being in emigration – headed the Ukrainian autocephalous Orthodox Church. It is worth mentioning the most common and used translation of the Bible into Ukrainian, on which Ivan Ogienko worked for more than 45 years. The article analyzes I. Ogienko's scientific achievements during the emigration, which significantly strengthened Ukrainian studies, and also considers the works "Pre-Christian Beliefs of the Ukrainian People", "Ukrainian Culture", "Serve the People - Serve God: Theological Studio" and others. The book "Our Life Abroad: Ideological and Historical Essays" by Ivan Ogienko, published in Winnipeg (Canada), where the author spoke about the difficult life of Ukrainian emigrants abroad, deserves attention and listening. I. Ogienko describes how important it is to preserve one's national identity, culture and native language in a foreign country. It is concluded that national culture has great potential for the establishment of Ukraine in the world cultural space, and the life and scientific and educational work of Ivan Ogienko became an example for many researchers in studying the socio-cultural heritage of the Ukrainian diaspora.

7. The structure of the United Kingdom and devolution

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Parpworth
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Constitutional History ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Uk Government ◽  
The Uk

This chapter discusses the structure and devolution of the UK. It first sketches the constitutional history of the UK, presenting a brief outline of events that led to the creation of the UK, i.e. the union of England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. The chapter then examines the issue of devolution, which has been particularly important to the people of Scotland and Wales. The key provisions of the devolution legislation enacted in 1998 and more recent legislative developments are reviewed. The chapter concludes by considering the ‘English Question’ and the agreements between the UK Government and the devolved administrations in Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland.

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