scholarly journals Estimation of heterosis for grain yield and yield attributes in bread wheat genotypes utilizing line x tester analysis (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell)

2021 ◽  
pp. 85-95
Author(s):  
Amitava Roy ◽  
Anil Kumar ◽  
Karthick Babu S ◽  
Simran Sisodiya ◽  
Anu Singh
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Rabi Season ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Eleven genotypes of bread wheat were crossed with three testers in the rabi season of 2018-19 inline x tester mating fashion to obtain 33 F1 hybrids, which were evaluated with parents and two standard checks of wheat viz., UP 2855 and HD 2967. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications at Norman E. Borlaug Crop Research Centre, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar in the rabi season 2019-20. Observations were recorded on various qualitative and quantitative characters including grain yield. The results obtained revealed significant differences among all the genotypes, indicating the presence of aconsiderable amount of genetic variability. The cross combinations SOKOLL x HI 1621, followed by QBP 12-11 x HI 1621, NAC/TH.AC//3*PVN/3/MIRLO/BUC/4/ 2*PASTOR/5/… x HD 3237 were observed to be the better heterotic F1s in terms of grain yield. The hybrid QLD 75 x HI 1621 was identified as the best heterotic combination for grain weight per spike and harvest index. Whereas, for grains per spike F1, NW 6036 x HI 1621, for 1000 grain weight F1, SOKOLL x HD3237, for spike length F1, NAC/TH.AC//3*PVN/3/ MIRLO/BUC/4/2*PASTOR/5/… x HD 3237, for peduncle length F1, VORB/4/D67.2/PARANA 66.270 x HI 1621 and for days to 75% heading and days to maturity F1, PRL/2*PASTOR*2//FH6-1-7/3/KINGBIRD#1//… x PBW 725 were observed to be the better heterotic combinations. The crosses with higher heterotic values may provide an opportunity for isolation of desirable purelines in advanced generations.

scholarly journals Time of sowing affect the yield attributes, yield and Economics of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-51
Author(s):  
Rajeev Singh ◽  
◽  
Nityanand . ◽  
Devendar Mandol ◽  
Zakir Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Randomized Block Design

The field experiment was carried out at KrishiVigyan Kendra, Aurangabad and at farmers’ field during rabi seasons of 2013-14 and 2014-15, to response of time of sowing affect the yield attributes, Yield and Economics of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Experiment was laid out in a completely randomized block design with 4date of sowing i.e5th November, 15th November 25th November, 5thDecemberin a total of five replications duringrabi 2013-14 and 2014-15. Significantly maximum grain yield (44.64 q/ha) recorded with wheat sown at 5th November being at par with 15th November both were significantly more over 25th November and 5th December. 6.13%, 3.70% more grain yield recorded with at 5th November and 15th November produces over sowing of wheat at 25th November and 33.65% and30.59% more grain yield over 5th December, respectively. Sowing of wheat at 5th November produced more straw yield (52.90q/ha) being at par with 15th November and they were significantly more over 25th November and 5th December. Straw yield recorded 8.49%, 7.51% more with at 5th November and 15th November produces more straw yield over 25th November and 15.96% and14.91% more straw yield over 5th December Sowing of wheat. Significantly highest B-C ratio was also recorded with 5thNovember and statically at par with 15th November over 25th November and 5th December. Highest return 6.13 and 3.71% & by 33.65% & 30.60%, respectively higher returns by were recorded when wheat sown at 5th November and 15th November over 25th November and 5th December respectively.

scholarly journals Analysis of combining ability and gene action studies for grain yield and its component traits in bread wheat utilizing line x tester mating design

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-298
Author(s):  
Amitava Roy ◽  
Anil Kumar ◽  
Vaishali Rawat ◽  
Anu Singh
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Cross Combination ◽  
Mating Design ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Parental Lines

The present research investigation was conducted in order to analyze combining ability and nature of gene actions in 33 F1s of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell) developed by crossing eleven lines with three testers in a line x tester mating design in terms of grain yield and associated traits. The hybrids along with the parental lines and two check varieties were planted in a randomized block design in three replications. Variance ratio between general and specific combining ability was found to be less than unity which indicated the prevalence of non-additive gene actions involved in the inheritance of these characters. Parental lines QLD 75 (3.164), followed by SOKOLL (2.888) and QLD 65 (2.819) exhibited significant GCA for grain yield, while another line PRL/2*PASTOR*2//FH6-1-7/3/KINGBIRD#1//… was observed to be the better general combiner for most other traits including maturity. Among the hybrids cross combination NAC/TH.AC//3*PVN/3/MIRLO/BUC/4/2*PASTOR/5/…x HD 3237 showed significant higher positive SCA for grain yield and biological yield per plant, whereas, F1 QLD 75 x HI 1621was a good specific combiner for harvest index (%) and number of grains per spike. The cross combination VORB/4/D67.2/PARANA66.270 x PBW 725 was observed with significant higher positive SCA for days to 75% heading, days to maturity and plant height, and another hybrid VORB/4/D67.2/PARANA 66.270 x HI 1621 exhibited significant positive SCA for 1000 grain weight and spike length.

scholarly journals AN INVESTIGATION ON HETEROSIS, GENERAL AND SPECIFIC COMBINING ABILITY FOR POD YIELD AND ITS CONTRIBUTING PARAMETERS IN OKRA [ABELMOSCHUS ESCULENTUS (L.) MOENCH]

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (08) ◽  
pp. 334-341
Author(s):  
Shailesh Kapadia ◽  
◽  
Kirti Patel ◽  
P.K. Patel ◽  
Mempal D. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Almost All

The heterosis and combining ability studies were conducted by utilizing modified Line X Tester mating design involving 6 Lines and 9 testers of Okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench]. The breeding material involving fifty four F1 hybrids along with 15 parents with one commercial check were evaluated during Kharif 2020 in a Randomized Block Design (R.B.D.) with three replications at Research Centre of Goldking Biogene Private Limited with an aim to estimate the magnitude of heterosis and to identify the good parents and good hybrid combinations for pod yield and other quantitative traits. Among the parents GKOF-1, GKOF-5 and GOM-7 were found to be good general combiners for pod yield per plot. Among the lines GKOF-3, GKOF-4 and GKOF-6 and testers GKOM-4, GKOM-5, GKOM-7 and GKOM-9 were found to be involved in exhibiting significant sca effects for almost all characters. Among the crosses GKOF-2 X GKOM-5, GKOF-1 X GKOM-8 and GKOF-6 X GKOM-7 exhibited high per se performance for pod yield per plot. Further the cross GKOF-1 X GKOM-7, GKOF-4 X GKOM-9 and GKOF-6 X GKOM-4 revealed highest positively significant sca effects for pod yield per plot.

Effect of pink-pigmented facultative methylotrophs, PGRs and Nutrients on Growth, Yield and Economics of Irrigated Blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper]

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Ajaykumar ◽  
S. Selvakumar ◽  
K. Harishankar ◽  
K. Sivasabari
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Vigna Mungo ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Background: Blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] is one of the most important cultivated legume crops with high nutritive value and agricultural importance. The productivity of blackgram is not adequate to meet the domestic demand of the growing Indian population. Consequently, there is an urgent need for enhancement of productivity through proper agronomic practices. With this background, a research experiment was conducted in a farmer’s field at Pudhupalayam, Coimbatore to investigate the effect of foliar application of PPFM, plant growth regulating compounds and nutrients on growth, yield attributes, yield and economics of irrigated blackgram. Methods: A field experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications during 2019 (kharif and rabi) season. The treatments include 100% recommended dose of NPK along with foliar application of diammonium phosphate (DAP), brassinolide (Br), salicylic acid (SA) and pink pigmented facultative methylotrophs (PPFM) with different concentration (1%, 2%, 1 ppm, 2 ppm, 50 ppm, 100 ppm, respectively) in addition to control. PPFM and PGRs were sprayed at 30 and 45 days after the sowing of blackgram. Result: The experiment results of the two seasons study revealed that the application of 100% RDF + PPFM @ 2% recorded higher growth characters viz., plant height (cm), number of branches plant-1, leaf area index and yield attributes viz., number of pods plant-1, number of seeds pod-1, pod weight (g), pod height (cm), 100 seed weight (g) and yield viz., grain yield (kg/ha), straw yield (kg/ha) and harvest index (%). As well as the same treatment recorded higher net return and B:C ratio. Correlation and regression analysis also indicated that the yield attributes had a positive impact on the grain yield with a magnitude of 1.91 and 1.67, respectively. Therefore, application of 100% RDF+2% PPFM spray can be recommended as the best technology to improve the yield and economics of blackgram.

scholarly journals Expected genetic gains from mono trait and indexbased selection in advanced bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) populations

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 9131-9141
Author(s):  
Zine El Abidine Fellahi ◽  
Abderrahmane Hannachi ◽  
Hamenna Bouzerzour
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Research Unit ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Wheat Lines ◽  
Selection Of

This study aimed at evaluating the expected gains from selection obtained based upon direct, indirect, and index-based selection in a set of 599 bread wheat lines. The experiment was carried out at the experimental field of INRAA institute, Setif research unit (Algeria), in a Federer augmented block design including three controls. A wide range of genetic variability was observed among lines for the eleven traits assessed. The results indicated that index-based selection and selection based on grain yield expressed higher expected genetic gain than direct and indirect mono-trait-based selection. The best 15 selected lines exhibited higher grain yield than the control varieties, and they were clustered in three groups that contrasted mainly for the flag-leaf area, thousand-kernel weight, biomass, and harvest index. The index-based selection appears as a useful tool for the rapid selection of early filial generations, enriching selected breeding materials with desirable alleles and reducing the number of years required to combine these traits in elite varieties.

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF DIFFERENT SOURCES AND DOSES OF BORON IN THE CORN CROP

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Angela Oliveira Silva ◽  
Wilian Henrique Diniz Buso
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Nutrient Sources ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
The One ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

One of the main problems faced in corn cultivation, especially in Cerrado regions, is the deficiency of micronutrients. Among the micronutrients essential for the development of plants, boron (B) stands out for participating in a series of physiological processes. Based on this, the present work aimed to evaluate the performance of corn under fertilization with different sources and doses of boron. The randomized block design in a 4x3 factorial scheme was used. Four boron doses (0, 1, 2, and 3 kg ha-1) and three nutrient sources (boric acid, borax, and ulexite), applied in topdressing, were evaluated. Plant height (cm), stem diameter (mm), first ear insertion height (m), ear length (cm), ear diameter (mm), number of rows per ear, number of grains per row, 1000-grain weight (g), and grain yield (kg ha-1) were evaluated. It was concluded that the boron sources and doses used did not influence the results of plant height, first ear insertion height, number of rows per ear, and grain yield. The three doses evaluated provided increases in stem diameter, with a dose of 2.08 kg ha-1 being the one with the highest average. The application of borax and ulexite results in higher values of ear diameter, number of grains per row, and 1000-grain weight. The dose of 1.74 kg ha-1 of boron provides the highest 1000-grain weight.

scholarly journals Effect of Real time nitrogen management on yield attributes of direct seeded rice by using SPAD meter and Greenseeker

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
saishree HALLE ◽  
SABYASACHI BISWAL ◽  
BOYAPATI RAVI TEJA NAIDU ◽  
REDDYYAMINI BOMMISETTY
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Nitrogen Management ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
Spad Meter

A field experiment was conducted during Kharif 2018, laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replications having seven treatments viz. N omission (T1), N applied as basal and AT (T2), N as basal, AT and PI (T3), N as basal and top dressing at NDVI threshold of 0.75 (T4), at NDVI threshold of 0.8 (T5), at SPAD threshold of 35.0 (T6) and SPAD threshold of 37.5 (T7) with Rice variety Sahabhagidhan.The study revealed that application of 30 kg N/ha as basal dose and top dressing of 20 kg N/ha twice at 35 and 63 DAS guided by NDVI threshold value of 0.8 (T5) was found to be superior over other treatments with respect to productivity. T5 recorded highest grain yield of 4438 kg/ha which was 17.0% higher than that top dressed at NDVI threshold of 0.75 (T4) and 7.1% higher than that top dressed at SPAD threshold value of 37.5 (T7). In case of SPAD meter, nitrogen top dressed at threshold value of 37.5 (T7) produced grain yield of 4143 kg/ha which was 15.0% higher than T6. T5 produced maximum dry matter of 8678 kg/ha with highest grain yield (4438 kg/ha), straw yield (5092 kg/ha) and harvest index 46.0%.

scholarly journals Drip Irrigation Scheduling for Higher Growth, Productivity and Input Use Efficiency of Direct Seeded Basmati Rice in Indo-Gangetic Plains for Climate Resilient

2019 ◽  
pp. 332-340
Author(s):  
A. K. Bhardwaj ◽  
T. Pandiaraj ◽  
P. Soman ◽  
R. K. Bhardwaj ◽  
T. C. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Basmati Rice ◽  
Gangetic Plain ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
Use Efficiency

The Indo-Gangetic plain (IGP) is an environmentally susceptible, communally momentous and economically tactical sphere of India where landscape, ground water and soil fertility are threatened by climate change. An increasing water scarcity for rice in the irrigated IGP is urging farmers to espouse water saving technologies such micro irrigation. Rice growing with drip irrigation may substantially reduce irrigation water requirement of rice. In order to make assessment of drip irrigation in rice, a field experiment was carried out at Pantnagar, Uttarakhand in 2017. Rice was established by Direct Seeding in conventional and drip irrigation treatments. The treatments were laid with drip irrigation at 50, 75 and 100% CPE on each 2 and 4 days interval. Two conventional irrigation practices (i.e. absolute control and farmers’ practice) were also included in the study. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with four replications. Compared with farmers practice, (transplanted and flooded) drip irrigation at 100% CPE on two days interval produced taller shoots and higher yield attributes of rice crop. Rice grown in drip irrigation was found more grain yield than farmers’ practice. Among drip irrigation, 100% CPE on 2 days gap (T5) recorded 45% higher grain yield (5800 kg ha-1) than farmers practice. Similarly, T5 treatment was higher content and uptake of nutrient. However, treatments T3 (50% CPE on 2 days gap) followed by T7 (75% CPE on 4 days interval) had higher water use efficiency. Result, further revealed that fertilizer use efficiency of T5 treatment was found to be higher (23.2 kg grain per kg fertilizer applied). Hence, rice is scheduled with drip irrigation at a tune of 100% CPE on 2 days interval can benefit over sustaining the direct seeded basmati rice productivity. However, there is a demand to examine these benefits of drip irrigation in rice in relation to the viability of adoption by farmers.

scholarly journals Effect of K2SO4 and KNO3 Foliar Application on Wheat Growth

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
Muhammad Arshadullah ◽  
Arshad Ali ◽  
Syed Isthiaq Hyder ◽  
Imdad Ali Mahmood ◽  
Badar-uz- Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Control Soil ◽  
Rabi Season ◽  
Wheat Growth ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of different concentrations of K2SO4 and KNO3 foliar application (2 and 4%) on the growth of wheat (cv. Watan) at Soil Salinity Research Institute (SSRI) farm, Pindi Bhattian, Punjab, Pakistan during Rabi season, 2007. Treatments were: soil application K2SO4 , KNO3, 2 and 4% K2SO4, 2% KNO3 + 2% K2SO4, 4% KNO3 +2% K2SO4, 2% KNO3 + 4% K2SO4 ,4% KNO3+4% K2SO4 . Treatments were assigned using randomised complete block design with three replications. The crop was harvested at maturity, data on tillering, plant height, spike length, number of grains/spike, 1000-grain weight, straw and wheat yields were recorded. Tillering, number of grains/spike, 1000-grain weight and wheat yield significantly (P £ 0.05) increased by different levels of doses. 2% K2SO4 and 4% K2SO4 improved the tillering capacity of wheat compared with the control. The combination of 2% KNO3 + 4% K2SO4 attained the highest grain yield (2825 kg/ha) which was statistically at par with 2% K2SO4 (2795 kg/ha). The lowest grain yield (2129 kg/ha) was received by the control (soil applied K2SO4). Grain yield after spraying was up to 31% higher than in the control. 

scholarly journals STUDIES ON HETEROSIS AND COMBINING ABILITY THROUGH DIALLEL METHOD IN MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (No 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahipat Singh Yadav ◽  
B. Gangwar
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rabi Season ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Randomized Block Design

The present investigation was conducted using 28 different genotypes (seven parents and their 21 F1s) of maize under organic conditions at the Rain-fed Organic Research Farm, Narayanbag, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi (U.P.) India, during kharif 2018 and rabi season 2018-19. In order to determine the general and specific combining ability of parents and the crosses, the growth parameters and yield components were evaluated in a 7×7 diallel fashion in maize in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. In this study, the GCA effects suggested that parent P1, P2 and P4 were the most desirable as they possessed high GCA effect for most of the characters. Among F1 crosses, P4 x P3, P3 x P1, P5 x P3 and P7 x P5 having significant positive SCA were found to be desirable for yield and yield attributing characters. The maximum heterotic effects in desirable direction for yield attributes were showed by the cross combinations viz; P1 x P6, P2 x P7, P2 x P5, P1 x P2, P3 x P4, P5 x P7 and P3 x P5. The maximum heterosis was recorded in for Seed yield per plant P5 x P7 (39.32%) which ranged from -14.69 to 49.55.

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