CHOICE OF THE WORK OF MACHINE - TRACTOR AGGREGATES

2019 ◽  
pp. 117-121
Author(s):  
A. Yakovenko ◽  
V. Makarchuk ◽  
V. Serbinov
Keyword(s):  
Mode Selection ◽  
Operation Mode ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Optimization Criterion ◽  
Load Level ◽  
Agricultural Work ◽  
Mode Of Operation ◽  
The Given ◽  
Tractor Engine ◽  
Engine Power

The choice of the most profitable mode of operation of tractor engines always worries the operators of agricultural machinery. When completing machine-tractor aggregates (MTA), the question becomes how to choose a farm machine to a tractor in order to obtain higher productivity of the unit with less fuel consumption and ensure the reliable operation of the tractor engine. Research by many scientists has shown a lot of criteria or methods for determining the load level of tractor engines when performing fieldwork. They recommended the coefficient of permissible and possible overload of the engine, the displacement of the torque of the engine, the degree of irregularity of the traction resistance of the unit, the average engine power at the given time, the engine speed, nominal, idling speed and the minimum, the mean square deviation of the moments of resistance of the unit. Practically these indicators to determine for the optimal mode of operation of the MTA on various agricultural work is difficult for the mechanics. Modern tractors have powerful engines, with a large number of revolutions of the crankshaft. The owners of the technology are most concerned about the performance and cost-effectiveness of the ATS, so that each engine power in kW brings more benefits. Therefore, we recommend the minimum specific energy consumption as an optimization criterion (ATA operation mode selection), this is the minimum ratio of the tractor's nominal tractor power to the unit's performance, which depends on the width of the unit's capture and speed of its movement. The less this relationship, the more profitable and more economical it will be to use the work of the MTA. And the owner of the machinery will always know what kind of benefits he brings to each kilowatt tractor engine power.

Quasi-Periodic Control Technique for Minimizing Fuel Consumption During Record Vehicle Competition

2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Sulikowski ◽  
Ryszard Maronski
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Optimal Control Theory ◽  
Slope Angle ◽  
Control Technique ◽  
Decision Variables ◽  
Aeronautical Engineering ◽  
The One ◽  
Optimal Driving ◽  
The Given ◽  
Engine Power

The problem of the optimal driving technique during the fuel economy competition is reconsidered. The vehicle is regarded as a particle moving on a trace with a variable slope angle. The fuel consumption is minimized as the vehicle covers the given distance in a given time. It is assumed that the run consists of two recurrent phases: acceleration with a full available engine power and coasting down with the engine turned off. The most fuel-efficient technique for shifting gears during acceleration is found. The decision variables are: the vehicle velocities at which the gears should be shifted, on the one hand, and the vehicle velocities when the engine should be turned on and off, on the other hand. For the data of students’ vehicle representing the Faculty of Power and Aeronautical Engineering it has been found that such driving strategy is more effective in comparison with a constant speed strategy with the engine partly throttled, as well as a strategy resulting from optimal control theory when the engine is still active.

Kombinasi Mode Cipher Block Chaining Dengan Algoritma Triangle Chain Cipher Pada Penyandian Login Website

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Dafirius Lombu ◽  
Siska Dame Tarihoran ◽  
Irwan Gulo
Keyword(s):  
Operation Mode ◽  
Feedback Mechanism ◽  
Database Access ◽  
Original Meaning ◽  
Mode Of Operation ◽  
Encryption And Decryption ◽  
Cryptographic Algorithms ◽  
Block Chaining

Generally, the database access of a website lies in the user login. When the login data is not accompanied by security techniques, it is very easily accessible by other parties. One effort that can be done to solve the problem is to encode the login data of website users based on cryptographic technique algorithm. Triangle Chain Cipher (TCC) is one of the classic cryptographic algorithms that encode data doubly and generate keys randomly along the plain. The process of encryption and decryption are interdependent to be one of the advantages of this algorithm. This algorithm will be more effective when combined with the Cipher Block Chaining (CBC) operation mode that is widely used in modern cryptographic algorithms today. The feedback mechanism between the blocks in this mode of operation is the operating advantage. This study describes how to combine the mode of operation of block chaining cipher with triangle chain cipher algorithm so that cipher data login website generated more random and difficult to find its original meaning.

Agricultural operation mode selection and development mechanism in ecological fragile areas under the background of china’s rural revitalization

2021 ◽  
pp. 002072092098505
Author(s):  
Haijuan Yang ◽  
Xiwu Hu
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
Mode Selection ◽  
Operation Mode ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Land Rent ◽  
Ecological Civilization ◽  
Operation Modes ◽  
Ecological Protection ◽  
Rural Revitalization ◽  
Agricultural Operation

Ecological civilization construction and rural revitalization is a strategic decision made by the central government to solve the problems of ecological protection and rural sustainable poverty alleviation. At present, the dominant agricultural operation modes in China can be roughly divided into three types: family farm mode, agricultural enterprise mode and cooperative mode. Practice has proved that different agricultural operation modes have different effects. In ecological fragile areas, how to adopt agricultural operation modes can not only promote agricultural prosperity and increase farmers' income, but also protect the ecological environment and promote the coordinated development of ecology and economy needs further analysis. Based on the current rural revitalization strategy and ecological protection background, this paper analyzes the operation mechanism of agricultural operation mode from the principal-agent and ecological land rent theory, and analyzes the development dimensions of advantageous agriculture of various modes. On the basis of rural and farmers, this paper provides references for the selection of agricultural operation mode in different regions. There are many factors that need to be considered in the choice of agricultural operation mode in ecological fragile area. In the future, each region should conduct analysis and treatment according to its own actual situation.

Model and Results of a Study of the Synthesis of Finely Dispersed Silicon Carbide in an Electro-Thermal Reactor

2021 ◽  
Vol 316 ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
V.S. Kuzevanov ◽  
S.S. Zakozhurnikov ◽  
Galina S. Zakozhurnikova
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Operation Mode ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Thermal Reactor ◽  
Carbide Formation ◽  
Level Of Automation ◽  
High Temperature Synthesis ◽  
Basic Equations

The high-temperature synthesis of silicon carbide (SiC) in an electro-thermal fluidized bed reactor (EFB) has advantages, in comparison with the production in resistance furnaces, in terms of specific energy consumption, productivity and the level of automation of the technological process. The basic equations of the fluidized-bed carbide formation process model are presented in the paper. The results of calculating the synthesis parameters of finely dispersed SiC in the stationary operation mode of the EFB reactor are also presented. The correspondence between the calculated and available experimental results on the output of the final product is shown.

scholarly journals Influence of coolant flow rates on the heat exchanger parameter at variable operation modes

Vestnik MGSU ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 621-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatyana A. Rafalskaya ◽  
Valery Ya. Rudyak
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Operation Mode ◽  
Coolant Flow ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Variable Heat ◽  
Operation Modes ◽  
Mathcad Software ◽  
The Given ◽  
Supply Systems

Introduction. Being used in various industries, heat exchangers most often work under conditions of variable coolant flows and temperatures. At the same time, the existing theories of calculating the heat exchanger operation modes are based on the use of constant unitless parameters at any operation mode. Taking into account the effect of coolant rates on the heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchangers, the given relations are bound to specific types of heat exchangers and can only be used at constant coolant temperatures. The purpose of this study is to obtain expressions for determining the effect of coolant flow rates on the variable heat exchanger parameter. Materials and methods. The main variable operation modes for water-to-water heat exchangers used in heat supply systems are determined. Using simulation in the PTC Mathcad software, dependencies describing the change in the heat exchanger parameter for all the considered variable operation modes are defined. This made it possible to obtain a general formula for the change in the heat exchanger parameter for varying coolant flow rates. Coefficients in this formula take into consideration the effect of coolant temperatures, which cannot be known when calculating variable conditions, especially when the interconnected heat exchangers are operating. Results. To test applicability of the existing relations describing the change in the heat exchanger parameter and of obtained formula, a large number of heat exchangers is calculated at variable operation modes. Comparison with the simulation results shows that the correlations of heat exchanger theories work well at the mode with constant coolant temperatures only, while their use at other operation modes can lead to large calculation errors. Conclusions. The obtained formula allows finding the effect of coolant flow rates on the variable heat exchanger parameter. The formula can be used to predict the operation modes of large systems including a large number of various-type heat exchangers.

Fast Operation Mode Selection for Highly Efficient IoT Edge Devices

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 572-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzad Samie ◽  
Vasileios Tsoutsouras ◽  
Dimosthenis Masouros ◽  
Lars Bauer ◽  
Dimitrios Soudris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mode Selection ◽  
Operation Mode ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Selection For

scholarly journals Mathematic simulation of the power interchange in the interbucket space of coaxially located impellers of the centrifugal turbo machine

2018 ◽  
Vol 224 ◽  
pp. 04016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Podbolotov ◽  
Anatoly Kolga ◽  
Natalja Dyorina
Keyword(s):  
Operation Mode ◽  
Geometric Parameters ◽  
Circumferential Velocity ◽  
Relative Direction ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
Counter Rotation ◽  
Mode Of Operation ◽  
Developed Pressure ◽  
Operation Frequency

The article presents the results of mathematic simulation to determine the effect of geometric parameters, coaxially installed impellers, a centrifugal turbo machine on the developed pressure, depending on the mode of operation (frequency and relative direction of the impellers rotation). It is established that irrespective of the operation mode, the influence of the circumferential velocity, the ratio of the input and output diameters and the width of the impeller on the value of the pressure developed by the turbo machine is invariable. While the influence of the density of the blades system decreases with the counter rotation of the impellers.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION OF TRACTOR ENGINE POWER AND ECONOMICAL WORKING CONDITIONS UTILIZATION DURING TRANSPORT OPERATION

Transport ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antanas Juostas ◽  
Algirdas Janulevičius
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Engine Speed ◽  
Traction Force ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Utilization Coefficient ◽  
Driving Speed ◽  
Tractor Engine ◽  
Engine Power

Article analyzes tractor working and its engine conditions from economical point of view. Overview of tractor wheel slippage reliance on the traction force and weight utilization coefficient is given. Tractor maximum driving force according to road and field conditions, and driving speed are submitted. Literature and theoretical investigation analysis is done, where interaction between tractor wheels made‐up driving force and grip is analysed. Driving speed and driving force dependence on rolling resistance and total aggregate weight using nominal power is described. In the present experimental research reduction in fuel consumption of tractor transport aggregate by reducing engine speed and by keeping the same work speed, was determined.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT AND STUDY OF THE GRAIN CRUSHING WORKING PROCESS OF SHOCKING AND REFLECTIVE CRUSHER

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-106
Author(s):  
Константин Миронов ◽  
Konstantin Mironov ◽  
Николай Оболенский ◽  
Nikolay Obolenskiy ◽  
Вера Гоева ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Angle Of Attack ◽  
Optimization Criterion ◽  
Response Surfaces ◽  
Measurement Unit ◽  
Working Process ◽  
Grain Crushing ◽  
Joint Influence ◽  
Optimal Values

Based on the analysis of existing studies of the process of grinding grain, the goal and objectives of the research were set, a crusher of a grain of impact-reflective action was developed. The results of theoretical studies of the working process of the grain crusher, including the study of grains’ movement along the beam and the determination of the trajectory of movement of particles in the grinding chamber, are given As a result of the study of various methods of supplying the material, the lowest energy consumption was obtained when the comminuted material was fed through the upper loading window. In order to determine the joint influence of the factors under study on the criterion of optimization and the exclusion of insignificant, the semi-replica of the full factorial experiment was implemented. Variable factors were the rotor speed, the angle of attack, the material feed, the diameter of the holes, and the angle of coverage of the end sieve. The optimization criterion was specific energy consumption. At the next stage, grain refinement was investigated using a peripheral sieve instead of an end sieve, as well as a peripheral sieve and an end sieve at the same time. It was found that with an increase in the angle of attack hit the percentage of the yield of the finished product through a peripheral sieve increases. Also, to compare theoretical and practical studies, paint was applied to the surface, and then the nature of paint wear was examined. From a photograph taken after grinding the grain, one can see that in the area characterized by a positive value of b, the paint has worn off (which indicates a sliding movement of the weevil), and in the area with a negative value of b, we can see blows of the weevils. That is, the presented theoretical dependences quite accurately describe the nature of the movement of the weevil in the grinding chamber of the crusher. In order to determine the optimal values of the studied factors, a second-order experiment plan was implemented. The method of superimposing two-dimensional sections of the response surfaces yielded optimal values of the factors under study. At the same time, energy consumption amounted to 1 ... 1.3 (kW ∙ h) / (t - measurement unit), and the amount of dust and whole grains does not exceed the norms stipulated by GOST.

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