Organization model, vertical integration, and farmers’ income growth: Empirical evidence from large-scale farmers in Lin’an, China

Since China’s reform and opening-up in 1978, the income of rural residents has increased when compared with that of urban residents. However, the income growth rate of farmers is relatively low, and the income gap between urban and rural areas is widening. Using a sample of 1,325 large-scale farming households in Lin’an, this study constructs a theoretical path for how the level of vertical integration and an organization model affect farmers’ income levels and empirically tests the path using a mediation effect analysis model. The results indicate that organization models and vertical integration are important factors that affect farmers’ income levels. The total income and agricultural operation income of farmers who participate in agricultural operation organizations are greater than that of farmers who do not participate in an operation organization. In addition, the total income and agricultural operation income of farmers who produce and process and those who produce, process, and sell are higher than those of farmers who only produce. A farmers’ organization model has both a direct and an indirect positive influence on their income level, with the indirect positive influence coming through the mediating variable of vertical integration. The application of the organizational model can promote the growth of rural households’ total family income and agricultural income by 13.48% and 14.48% respectively, consisting of direct increases of 9.67% and 10.19%, and indirect increases of 3.81% and 4.29% through vertical integration. The results also show that access to credit, agricultural technology training, and the farmer’s education level have significant positive impacts on farming income levels. The findings suggest ways to increase farmers’ income by perfecting agricultural management organization systems, promoting agricultural industrialization, strengthening rural financial support, improving agricultural technical training for farmers, and increasing their level of education.

Multipurpose agriculture cultivator

In this modern era research in the agricultural field is going on. Plant nursery is important part of agriculture field and facing many problems. The problems are availability of low productivity rate and more manual efforts required for seed feeding. In plant nursery more time is required for plantation which is due to seed feeding process. For reducing these problems of plant nursery research of multipurpose agriculture cultivator mechanism is used. MAC is a semi-automatic operated machine used for agricultural land operation to give better productivity of crops and to ease the work of farmers. MAC is used for cultivation of land comprising of three major agricultural operation in a single prototype machine which in case would reduce the work load and the use of draft animals. In this report various parameter of the design and the manufacturing of the MAC is studied. The machine would be developed considering the difficulties faced by the farmers.

Multipurpose agriculture cultivator

In this modern era research in the agricultural field is going on. Plant nursery is important part of agriculture field and facing many problems. The problems are availability of low productivity rate and more manual efforts required for seed feeding. In plant nursery more time is required for plantation which is due to seed feeding process. For reducing these problems of plant nursery research of multipurpose agriculture cultivator mechanism is used. MAC is a semi-automatic operated machine used for agricultural land operation to give better productivity of crops and to ease the work of farmers. MAC is used for cultivation of land comprising of three major agricultural operation in a single prototype machine which in case would reduce the work load and the use of draft animals. In this report various parameter of the design and the manufacturing of the MAC is studied. The machine would be developed considering the difficulties faced by the farmers.

Applications of Unmanned Aerial Systems in Agricultural Operation Management: Part III: Best Practices for Efficient Aerial Surveying

With the increasing use of unmanned aerial systems (UASs) in the agricultural domain, ensuring the consistency and completeness of aerial surveys is critical in order to establish repeatability and consistency in data collection activities. This publication covers five main steps to ensure that aerial data collections are repeatable and consistent among missions. It is one of a three-part series focusing on the applications, configuration, and best practices for using UASs in agricultural operations management. Written by Aditya Singh and James Fletcher, and published by the UF/IFAS Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, February 2021.

Applications of Unmanned Aerial Systems in Agricultural Operation Management: Part II: Platforms and Payloads

Unmanned aerial systems (UASs, UAVs, or drones) have emerged as an important tool for farmers, Extension agents, and landowners to map, monitor, and manage their properties. This 5-page publication provides an overview of the primary components of typical UASs to help growers, landowners, and/or Extension agents who want to configure and/or purchase a UAS or sensor system for agricultural operations. This document is one of a three-part series focusing on the applications, configuration, and best practices for using UASs in agricultural operations management. Written by Aditya Singh and James Fletcher, and published by the UF/IFAS Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, February 2021.

Agricultural operation mode selection and development mechanism in ecological fragile areas under the background of china’s rural revitalization

Ecological civilization construction and rural revitalization is a strategic decision made by the central government to solve the problems of ecological protection and rural sustainable poverty alleviation. At present, the dominant agricultural operation modes in China can be roughly divided into three types: family farm mode, agricultural enterprise mode and cooperative mode. Practice has proved that different agricultural operation modes have different effects. In ecological fragile areas, how to adopt agricultural operation modes can not only promote agricultural prosperity and increase farmers' income, but also protect the ecological environment and promote the coordinated development of ecology and economy needs further analysis. Based on the current rural revitalization strategy and ecological protection background, this paper analyzes the operation mechanism of agricultural operation mode from the principal-agent and ecological land rent theory, and analyzes the development dimensions of advantageous agriculture of various modes. On the basis of rural and farmers, this paper provides references for the selection of agricultural operation mode in different regions. There are many factors that need to be considered in the choice of agricultural operation mode in ecological fragile area. In the future, each region should conduct analysis and treatment according to its own actual situation.

Applications of Unmanned Aerial Systems in Agricultural Operation Management: Part I: Overview

Unmanned aerial systems (UASs, UAVs, or drones) have emerged as one of the most promising technologies for agricultural operation management in recent decades. This 6-page publication provides an overview of the broad areas where UASs can be utilized for monitoring and managing farm operations. Written by James Fletcher and Aditya Singh, and published by the UF/IFAS Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, June 2020.

Evolutionary Game Mechanism on Complex Networks of Green Agricultural Production under Intensive Management Pattern

The diffusion of green agricultural production under intensive management pattern is an interactive process of strategy comparison and learning on complex networks among traditional farmers and new agricultural operation entities. Based on the theory of evolutionary game and complex networks, we construct evolutionary game models on the scale-free networks to simulate the evolution process of green agricultural production under the market mechanism and the government guidance mechanism, respectively. The comparison analysis results in different scenarios show that the stable state of the green agricultural production network is determined by interactions among the subjects. Detailed experimental results indicate that the double-score system under government guidance mechanism has a significant effect on the diffusion of the green agricultural production, of which the extra reward or penalty obtained from government is crucial. Besides, the diffusion of the green agricultural production under the market mechanism is mostly affected by the net profit of green agricultural production. These results are of great significance for increasing efficiency of government’s incentive and promoting the initiatives of traditional farmers and new agricultural operation entities in the green agricultural production.