Screening of thyroid disorders in age and gender groups in a teaching hospital of Nowshera

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
Hamzullah Khan ◽  
Fawad Khan ◽  
Zahid Khan ◽  
Naseer Ahmed ◽  
Waseemyar Khan
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Skewed Distribution ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Pathology Laboratory ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Groups

 Background: In Pakistan 28.7% of the population had some degree of goiter. Out of those 40% of the nodules behaved hyperthyroidism based on the lower-than-normal values of thyroid stimulating hormones (TSH). Present study was designed as to determine the screening of thyroid disorders on the basis Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) in age and gender groups in a hospital-based study. Patients and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Qazi Hussain Ahmed Medical Complex Nowshera from March 2019 to Jan 2020. Total 392 cases, 167 (42.6%) males and 225 (57.4%) females were included. All patients referred to pathology laboratory for measurement of TSH levels irrespective of age and gender were included to measure incidence of hyper, hypo or euthyroid status. Exclusion criteria were patients taking medications or iodine supplementation. Numerical variables like age and TSH values were presented with Mean with SD, Median and range. Inferential statistics and correlation statistics (chi-Square, ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman correlation) were used to determine the difference of TSH values in gender and age groups. Results: Mean age of the patients was 31+8.1 years. Mean TSH was 5.22+16.5 ng/ml. The difference of TSH values in the age categories using one way ANOVA statistics was insignificant (p = 0.15). Mann Whitney U Test confirmed that the distribution of TSH is the same across the categories of gender (p=0.001). Total 55 (14%) patients were hyperthyroid, and 23 (5.9%) mild hypothyroid and 30 (7.7%) hypothyroid. Chi square test showed the relation of gender with hypo and hyperthyroidism as statistically isignificant ( p= 0.18, p=0.8) respectively. Spearman ranked correlation test showed a mild to moderate inverse correlation of hypothyroidism with increase in age categories (p=0.88, r=-0.47) and a moderate uphill correlation of hyperthyroidism with increase in age categories, again statistically insignificant (p= 0.31, r=0.51). Conclusion: We observed a skewed distribution of TSH in our population. On the basis of the TSH values the thyroid disorders were categorized in hyper and hypothyroidism. There was a negative correlation of Hypothyroidsim (TSH<0.4) with age. While a positive correlation of age was noted with hyperthyroidism. While no significant relationship of hyper or hypothyroidism was noted in gender groups.

scholarly journals The relative validity and repeatability of an FFQ for estimating intake of zinc and its absorption modifiers in young and older Saudi adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 968-976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadeil M Alsufiani ◽  
Fatmah Yamani ◽  
Taha A Kumosani ◽  
Dianne Ford ◽  
John C Mathers
Keyword(s):  
Phytic Acid ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Food Record ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Relative Validity ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Groups

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the relative validity and repeatability of a sixty-four-item FFQ for estimating dietary intake of Zn and its absorption modifiers in Saudi adults. In addition, we used the FFQ to investigate the effect of age and gender on these intakes.DesignTo assess validity, all participants completed the FFQ (FFQ1) and a 3 d food record. After 1 month, the FFQ was administered for a second time (FFQ2) to assess repeatability.SettingJeddah, Saudi Arabia.SubjectsOne hundred males and females aged 20–30 years and 60–70 years participated.ResultsMean intakes of Zn and protein from FFQ1 were significantly higher than those from the food record while there were no detectable differences between tools for measurement of phytic acid intake. Estimated intakes of Zn, protein and phytate by both approaches were strongly correlated (P<0·001). Bland–Altman analysis showed for protein that the difference in intake as measured by the two methods was similar across the range of intakes while for Zn and phytic acid, the difference increased with increasing mean intake. Zn and protein intakes from FFQ1 and FFQ2 were highly correlated (r>0·68,P<0·001) but were significantly lower at the second measurement (FFQ2). Older adults consumed less Zn and protein compared with young adults. Intakes of all dietary components were lower in females than in males.ConclusionsThe FFQ developed and tested in the current study demonstrated reasonable relative validity and high repeatability and was capable of detecting differences in intakes between age and gender groups.

scholarly journals Correlation between bone turnover and metabolic markers with age and gender: a cross-sectional study of hospital information system data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao Ju ◽  
Shaosong Zhou ◽  
Yuan Qu ◽  
bibo liang ◽  
Qing-Hong Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Metabolic Markers ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Background: Bone turnover and metabolic indicators are related to age and gender. Age and gender should be matched in subjects in disease control research of bone turnover and metabolism, but strict matching of gender and age increases the difficulty and cost of the research. Therefore, the aim of this study was to solve the question of whether it is necessary to strictly match age and gender in clinical research in bone metabolism.METHODS: Patient data were extracted from the HIS of ZhuJiang Hospital, Southern Medical University. From these data, a cross-sectional study was conducted. Data relating to seven bone turnover and metabolic indicators from 1036 patients between January 2018 and October 2019 were analyzed. A total of 156 patients aged under 20 were identified and analyzed separately. RESULTS: P1NP, β-CTx and 25(OH)D were significant different in individuals younger than 20 years of age. ALP was significantly higher in those under 20 years of age and lower at age 20-39 compared with other age groups. The concentrations of Ca and P were different among the groups aged 0-19, 20-39, and 40-59 years of age groups but exhibited no difference above 60 years of age. PTH expression was not dependent on age. P1NP, β-CTx and PTH concentrations were not significantly different between the genders within the same age group. ALP was significantly different between genders within the age range 20-59 years. Ca and 25(OH)D were significantly different between the genders for those older than 60. Serum P was significantly different in the two genders for those aged 40-79. CONCLUSION: P1NP and β-CTx were highly correlated with age. If these two indictors require analysis in a case control study, the patients and controls should be strictly matched by age under 20 years. The demarcation point for ALP was 40 years of age. Ca and P were strongly recommended strict matching according to age in disease research. The difference in P1NP, β-CTx, 25(OH)D and ALP between genders depends on age differences.

scholarly journals HER2/Neu Expression was Different between Benign, Borderline and Malignant Epithelial Ovarian Tumors

2014 ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
Yona S. Hadisubroto ◽  
Ketut Suwiyoga
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Tumor ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ovarian Tumors ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Pathology Laboratory ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Over Expression ◽  
Epithelial Ovarian Tumor ◽  
The Difference

Objective: To determine the difference of HER2/neu expression in benign, borderline and malignant epithelial ovarian tumor. Method: An analytic cross-sectional study was performed on 49 samples of epithelial ovarian cases which were divided into three groups: twelve cases of benign epithelial ovarian tumor, 9 cases of borderline epithelial ovarian tumor and 28 cases of malignant epithelial ovarian tumor. Paraffin embedded tissue samples was cut, stained with HER2/neu imunohistochemistry and examined in Pathology Laboratory at Sanglah Hospital. The other data was collected from medical record samples. The data was analysed using One Way Anova test and Chi-square test with level of confidence α = 0.05. Result: There were 13 cases (46.43%) of the HER2/neu over expression in malignant epithelial ovarian tumors, 2 cases (22.22%) of the HER2/neu over expression in borderline epithelial ovarian tumors and 1 case (9.09%) of the HER2/neu over expression in benign epithelial ovarian tumors. With p = 0.048 (p < 0.05), there are differentiation of HER2/neu expression in benign, borderline and malignant epithelial ovarian tumors. Conclusion: In this study HER2/neu expression was different between benign, borderline and malignant epithelial ovarian tumors. Keywords: benign epithelial ovarian tumor, borderline epithelial ovarian tumor, HER2/neu, malignant epithelial ovarian tumor, ovarian cancer.

scholarly journals Perceptions of parental behavior with regard to parents’ gender and respondents’ age and gender

Psihologija ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Opsenica-Kostic ◽  
Tatjana Stefanovic-Stanojevic
Keyword(s):  
Paternal Care ◽  
Parental Behavior ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Behavior Changes ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Groups ◽  
Insight Into

The findings of the research into the perceived parental behavior provide contrasting data as to the existence and the nature of differences in the perception of parental behavior based on parents? gender and respondents? gender. The purpose of the present study is to examine the differences in the perceived parental behavior in adolescents with regard to parents? gender and respondents? age and gender. The study included 466 respondents (262 girls and 204 boys), in middle to late adolescence, divided into four sub-groups according to their age. The respondents were asked to fill in the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) questionnaire which measures the care and overprotection in mothers and fathers respectively. The obtained findings show the existence of significant difference based on the parents? gender for both subscales: both maternal care and maternal overprotection were estimated as higher. Observing the differences by respondents? gender on the whole sample, only one significant difference is found: paternal overprotection was estimated as higher by girls. The differences by age as observed within gender groups are completely disparate for girl and boy groups. The best insight into the differences is obtained through analysis by gender, for groups relatively homogenous in terms of their age (for the first three groups the only significant difference appears in the paternal overprotection subscale; the difference disappears in the subgroup of the oldest respondents?, while the differences between the perception of maternal and paternal care are of significance here). One particularly important finding for future research into rearing behavior is the fact that the perception of parental behavior changes over the period of adolescence differently for boys and girls; therefore, the analysis including perceived parental behavior should be performed for subgroups by gender, which are as homogenous as possible in terms of their age.

Levothyroxine Therapy Achieves Physiological FT3/FT4 Ratios at Higher than Normal TSH Levels: A Novel Justification for T3 Supplementation?

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
pp. 827-831 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Strich ◽  
Cherut Chay ◽  
Gilad Karavani ◽  
Shalom Edri ◽  
David Gillis
Keyword(s):  
Female Gender ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Community Clinics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Levothyroxine Treatment ◽  
Tsh Levels ◽  
Better Than

AbstractIn euthyroidism, as thyroid Stimulating hormone (TSH) levels increase, the free triiodothyronine (FT3) to free thyroxine (FT4) ratio increases. The aim of this study was to assess if beyond the euthyroid range of TSH levels FT3/FT4 ratio continues to increase and if levothyroxine treatment reduces this ratio, possibly through TSH suppression. This cross sectional retrospective study included a total of 77 832 patients [age 22.76±15.17 years (4 days to 112 years)] evaluated and treated in community clinics between January 2009 and September 2013. Blood samples drawn in community clinics for which TSH, FT4, FT3, age, and gender were available were included. Tests with TSH below 0.5 IU/l were excluded as were samples taken during pregnancy. The FT3/FT4 ratio continued to increase significantly even with TSH above 50 mIU/l (p for trend<0.001) with an increase of more than 50% over the entire TSH range. With increasing age and female gender, the phenomenon was less prominent (p<0.001). Levothyroxine treated patients had significantly lower FT3/FT4 ratios in comparison to untreated patients up to TSH levels of 5.0 mIU/l. In conclusion, increasing TSH increases FT3/FT4 ratio even with severe hypothyroidism, less so with aging. With levothyroxine therapy, a ratio similar to untreated patients is achieved at TSH of above 5.0 mIU/l. Since T3 suppresses TSH better than T4, administration of T3 would likely normalize the FT3/FT4 ratio at a lower, ostensibly more physiological, TSH level. This could be seen as a rationale for add-on T3 therapy.

scholarly journals Increasing age- and gender-specific burden and complexity of multimorbidity in Taiwan, 2003–2013: a cross-sectional study based on nationwide claims data

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. e028333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rey-Hsing Hu ◽  
Fei-Yuan Hsiao ◽  
Li-Ju Chen ◽  
Pei-Ting Huang ◽  
William Wei-Yuan Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
National Health Insurance ◽  
National Health ◽  
Claims Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Groups

ObjectiveAlthough there is accumulating evidence regarding multimorbidity in Western countries, this information is very limited in Asian countries. This study aimed to estimate population-based, age-specific and gender-specific prevalence and trends of multimorbidity in the Taiwanese population.DesignThis was a cross-sectional study based on claims data (National Health Insurance Research Database, Taiwan).ParticipantsThe participants included a subset of the National Health Insurance Research Database, which contains claims data for two million randomly selected beneficiaries (~10% of the total population) under Taiwan’s mandatory National Health Insurance system.Outcome measurementsThe prevalence of multimorbidity in different age groups and in both sexes in 2003 and 2013 was reported. We analysed data on the prevalence of 20 common diseases in each age group and for both sexes. To investigate the clustering effect, we used graphical displays to analyse the likelihood of co-occurrence with one, two, three, and four or more other diseases for each selected disease in 2003 and 2013.ResultsThe prevalence of multimorbidity (two or more diseases) was 20.07% in 2003 and 30.44% in 2013. In 2013, the prevalence varied between 5.21% in patients aged 20–29 years and 80.96% in those aged 80–89 years. In patients aged 50–79 years, the prevalence of multimorbidity was higher in women than in men. In men, the prevalence of chronic pulmonary disease and cardiovascular-related diseases was predominant, while in women the prevalence of osteoporosis, arthritis, cancer and psychosomatic disorders was predominant. Co-occurring diseases varied across different age and gender groups.ConclusionsThe burden of multimorbidity is increasing and becoming more complex in Taiwan, and it was found to vary across different age and gender groups. Fulfilling the needs of individuals with multimorbidity requires collaborative work between healthcare providers and needs to take the age and gender disparities of multimorbidity into account.

scholarly journals COMORBIDITIES OF MYASTHENIC CRISIS PATIENTS ACCORDING TO AGE AND GENDER IN DR. SOETOMO GENERAL ACADEMIC HOSPITAL, SURABAYA, INDONESIA IN 2017-2019

2022 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Andi Muh Rahul Alfaidin ◽  
Viskasari P Kalanjati ◽  
Mudjiani Basuki
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Myasthenia Gravis ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Myasthenic Crisis ◽  
Academic Hospital ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender

Highlight:1. Patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) can have both autoimmune and non-autoimmune comorbidities.2. MG patients were predominantly aged >50 years, females and the commonest comorbidity are hypertension and diabetes mellitus.3. Age and comorbidities were found to have significant correlation among these patients, but not between gender and comorbidities.Abstract:Background:  There are limited studies on the comorbidities of myasthenic crisis (MC) associated with age and gender, specifically from Indonesia. These data might be valuable for treatment to improve the outcome of these patients. Objective: To analyze the correlation between age and gender with the comorbidities amongst the MC patients admitted in the ICU of Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia in 2017-2019. Materials and methods:  A retrospective cross-sectional analytic study was conducted on 25 medical records of MC patients who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion study criteria. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests were done to determine the potential correlation between variables (significant level of p<0.05). Results: The age of MC patients was £50 years (80%) and >50 years (20%) while the gender predominantly found were females (68%) with 32% males. A significant correlation was found between age and comorbidities (p=0.002) whilst not between gender and comorbidities (p=0.115). The most common comorbidities observed were hypertension (30%) and diabetes mellitus (20%). Conclusion: There were 40% of patients found with comorbidities. There was a significant association between age and comorbidities found amongst myasthenic crisis patients, whilst no significant association was found between gender and comorbidities.

scholarly journals A typical working-day breakfast among children, adolescents and adults belonging to the middle and upper socio-economic classes in Mumbai, India – challenges and implications for dietary change

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2040-2046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malathi Sivaramakrishnan ◽  
Vidya Kamath
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Breakfast Meal ◽  
Breakfast Skipping ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Working Day ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Groups ◽  
Gender Specific

AbstractObjectiveBreakfast has been linked to several aspects of health, yet breakfast skipping is rampant across the globe. Studies in India have focused mostly on children. Hence the present study examined breakfast behaviour across different age and gender groups.DesignCross-sectional sample, purposive sampling. Nutrient intakes of the participants derived from 24 h dietary recall and 3 d breakfast record data were compared with RDA values prescribed by the Indian Council of Medical Research using Student'sttest, withP< 0·05 taken to indicate significance.SettingMumbai, India.SubjectsParticipants (n1027) aged 8 years and above.ResultsNutritional adequacy of the breakfast meal and that of the day's diet were the main outcome measures. Eighty-one per cent of the participants had a nutritionally inadequate breakfast. Intakes of Fe and dietary fibre were notably low. Consumption of just milk or milk plus a milk food-based drink among schoolchildren (49 %) and increased breakfast skipping among adolescents (37 %) were seen.ConclusionsThe study identifies both irregularities and/or nutritional inadequacies with respect to the breakfast meal. Age- and gender-specific challenges in breakfast behaviour need to be addressed. Development of ‘nutrient-dense’ breakfast foods that can be prepared easily, school breakfast programmes and education on the importance of breakfast are the needs of the hour.

scholarly journals Frequency And Shape Of Torus Palatinus In Relation To Age And Gender In Karachi

2018 ◽  
Vol 08 (04) ◽  
pp. 254-257
Author(s):  
Daud Mirza ◽  
Saima Mazhar ◽  
Sameer Quraeshi ◽  
Usman Mahmood ◽  
Nasir Jamal Baig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Torus Palatinus ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Gender

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and shape of torus palatinus and to assess its gender and age-related differences in the population of Karachi, the metropolitan city of Pakistan. Methodology: This was a cross sectional study with non-probability convenience sampling method conducted at Bahria University Medical & Dental College (BUMDC), Karachi. The presence of tori was observed by clinical examination and palpation. The shape was also investigated by presence or absence and classified as flat, spindle and nodular shaped tori. The data was analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Science version 23. The Chi-square test was used to test for group differences of sex and age association with the prevalence of tori. Difference between groups with P <0.05 was considered significant. Results: A total of 1203 patients were screened in which torus palatinus was found in 141 (11.7%) patients. Present study findings showed torus palatinus was more prevalent in males 76 (53.9%). It was dominant in 31-60 years of age group (47.5%) with significant P=0.000. Shapes of torus palatinus were compared with gender in which flat shape was more frequent in both male and female with significant P-value of 0.015. Conclusion: Torus Palatinus is a rare bony exostosis of the oral cavity. Even though, it is an asymptomatic anatomical variation it expresses itself in unique shapes and patterns. The prevalence varies with respect to age and gender.

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