JOINT ANALYSIS OF HYDRO-OPTICAL PARAMETERS AND DISSOLVED METHANE IN WATER COLUMN OF THE BERING SEA AND THE EASTERN SECTOR OF THE ARCTIC

2021 ◽  
pp. 60-69
Author(s):  
E.B. Sokolova ◽  
G.I. Mishukova ◽  
P.A. Salyuk ◽  
R.B. Shakirov
Keyword(s):  
Water Column ◽  
Bering Sea ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Optical Parameters ◽  
Dissolved Methane ◽  
Eastern Sector ◽  
The Bering Sea

scholarly journals Contrasting trends in sea ice and primary production in the Bering Sea and Arctic Ocean

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 1180-1193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary W. Brown ◽  
Kevin R. Arrigo
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Primary Production ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Bering Sea ◽  
Net Primary Productivity ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Ice Cover ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Light Limitation ◽  
The Bering Sea

Abstract Brown, Z. W., and Arrigo, K. R. 2012. Contrasting trends in sea ice and primary production in the Bering Sea and Arctic Ocean. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69: . Satellite remote sensing data were used to examine recent trends in sea-ice cover and net primary productivity (NPP) in the Bering Sea and Arctic Ocean. In nearly all regions, diminished sea-ice cover significantly enhanced annual NPP, indicating that light-limitation predominates across the seasonally ice-covered waters of the northern hemisphere. However, long-term trends have not been uniform spatially. The seasonal ice pack of the Bering Sea has remained consistent over time, partially because of winter winds that have continued to carry frigid Arctic air southwards over the past six decades. Hence, apart from the “Arctic-like” Chirikov Basin (where sea-ice loss has driven a 30% increase in NPP), no secular trends are evident in Bering Sea NPP, which averaged 288 ± 26 Tg C year−1 over the satellite ocean colour record (1998–2009). Conversely, sea-ice cover in the Arctic Ocean has plummeted, extending the open-water growing season by 45 d in just 12 years, and promoting a 20% increase in NPP (range 441–585 Tg C year−1). Future sea-ice loss will likely stimulate additional NPP over the productive Bering Sea shelves, potentially reducing nutrient flux to the downstream western Arctic Ocean.

Arctic archaeologies: recent work on Beringia

Antiquity ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 89 (345) ◽  
pp. 740-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Maschner
Keyword(s):  
Bering Sea ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Yukon Territory ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Land Bridge ◽  
Far North ◽  
North East ◽  
Bering Land Bridge ◽  
Last Glaciation ◽  
The Bering Sea

This review considers three books on the archaeology of territories situated around the Bering Sea—a region often referred to as Beringia, adopting the term created for the Late Pleistocene landscape that extended from north-east Asia, across the Bering Land Bridge, to approximately the Yukon Territory of Canada. This region is critical to the archaeology of the Arctic for two fundamental reasons. First, it is the gateway to the Americas, and was certainly the route by which the territory was colonised at the end of the last glaciation. Second, it is the place where the entire Aleut-Eskimo (Unangan, Yupik, Alutiiq, Inupiat and Inuit) phenomenon began, and every coastal culture from the far north Pacific, to Chukotka, to north Alaska, and to arctic Canada and Greenland, has its foundation in the cultural developments that occurred around the Bering Sea.

Chromosome races in Rumex arcticus (Polygonaceae)

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 378-380
Author(s):  
Gerald A. Mulligan ◽  
Clarence Frankton
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
Bering Sea ◽  
Kamchatka Peninsula ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Chromosome Races ◽  
High Polyploid ◽  
Seward Peninsula ◽  
Northwestern North America ◽  
The Bering Sea

Rumex arcticus Trautv., a species found on the mainland of northwestern North America and in northeastern U.S.S.R., contains tetraploid (2n = 40), dodecaploid (2n = 120), and perhaps 2n = 160 and 2n = 200 chromosome races. Most North American plants are tetraploid and are larger in size and have more compound and contiguous inflorescences than typical R. arcticus. Typical plants of R. arcticus occur in the arctic U.S.S.R., St. Lawrence Island in the Bering Sea, and at the tip of the Seward Peninsula of Alaska, and they all have 120 or more somatic chromosomes. High polyploid plants of R. arcticus that resemble North American tetraploids in appearance apparently occur on the Kamchatka Peninsula. These have been called R. kamtshadalus Komarov or R. arcticus var. kamtshadalus (Kom.) Rech. f. by some authors.

Hunters and Herders: Chukchi and Siberian Eskimo Navigation Across Snow and Frozen Sea

1991 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
David H. Lewis ◽  
Mimi George
Keyword(s):  
Bering Sea ◽  
Far East ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Circle ◽  
The Bering Sea

The tip of the Chukotskiy Peninsula in the Soviet Far East is 86 km from mainlandAlaska and its mountains are clearly visible from St Lawrence Island. It is a ruggedtreeless land that straddles the Arctic Circle between the Bering Sea and the ArcticOcean. In winter it is snow-covered and the sea stays frozen until May.

scholarly journals How Does the Arctic Sea Ice Affect the Interannual Variability of Tropical Cyclone Activity Over the Western North Pacific?

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Fu ◽  
Ruifen Zhan ◽  
Zhiwei Wu ◽  
Yuqing Wang ◽  
Jiuwei Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Bering Sea ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Western North Pacific ◽  
Japan Sea ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Sea ◽  
The Japan Sea ◽  
The Bering Sea

Although many studies have revealed that Arctic sea ice may impose a great impact on the global climate system, including the tropical cyclone (TC) genesis frequency over the western North Pacific (WNP), it is unknown whether the Arctic sea ice could have any significant effects on other aspects of TCs; and if so, what are the involved physical mechanisms. This study investigates the impact of spring (April-May) sea ice concentration (SIC) in the Bering Sea on interannual variability of TC activity in terms of the accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) over the WNP in the TC season (June-September) during 1981–2018. A statistical analysis indicates that the spring SIC in the Bering Sea is negatively correlated with the TC season ACE over the WNP. Further analyses demonstrate that the reduction of the spring SIC can lead to the westward shift and intensification of the Aleutian low, which strengthens the southward cold-air intrusion, increases low clouds, and reduces surface shortwave radiation flux, leading to cold sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly in the Japan Sea and its adjacent regions. This local cloud-radiation-SST feedback induces the persistent increasing cooling in SST (and also the atmosphere above) in the Japan Sea through the TC season. This leads to a strengthening and southward shift of the subtropical westerly jet (SWJ) over the East Asia, followed by an anomalous upper-level anticyclone, low-level cyclonic circulation anomalies, increased convective available potential energy, and reduced vertical wind shear over the tropical WNP. These all are favorable for the increased ACE over the WNP. The opposite is true for the excessive spring SIC. The finding not only has an important implication for seasonal TC forecasts but also suggests a strengthened future TC activity potentially resulting from the rapid decline of Arctic sea ice.

Vertical distribution of trace gases and aerosols over the Russian Arctic in September 2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris D. Belan ◽  
Pavel Antokhin ◽  
Olga Antokhina ◽  
Victoriya Arshinova ◽  
Mikhail Arshinov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bering Sea ◽  
Research University ◽  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Environmental Research ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Max Planck ◽  
Primary Analysis ◽  
The Bering Sea

<p>In 2020, a unique experiment, which had ever been implemented either in the former USSR or in modern-day Russia, was carried out in the Russian Arctic by means of the Optik Tu-134 aircraft laboratory operated by IAO SB RAS. The airborne measurement campaign was conducted on September 4-17 over all seas and coastal regions of the Russian sector of the Arctic, including northern part of the Bering Sea.</p><p>During the flights, in situ measurements of CO, CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, NO, NO<sub>2</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub>, O<sub>3</sub>, aerosols, and black carbon (BC) were performed. Air samples were taken to determine organic and inorganic compounds and biological material in aerosol particles. A remote sensing of the water turbidity in the upper sea layers was conducted by means of the LOZA-2 lidar that allowed a concentration of plankton to be derived there. Spectral characteristics of the water and underlying coastal surfaces were measured using a spectroradiometer.</p><p>The primary analysis of the obtained data showed that concentrations of CO, NO, NO<sub>2</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub>, O<sub>3</sub>, aerosols, and BC during the experiment were low that is typical for background regions. CO<sub>2</sub> mixing ratios in the lowest part of the troposphere above seas were lower than aloft. As compared with coastal areas, concentration of methane over all the seas of the Arctic sector and the Bering Sea was higher.</p><p>We would like to acknowledge our colleagues from the following organizations for their assistance in organizing and conducting this campaign, and in particular, Laboratoire des sciences du climat et de l'environnement and Laboratoire atmosphères, milieux, observations spatiales (France); Finnish Meteorological Institute and Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, University of Helsinki (Finland); Center for Global Environmental Research at the National Institute for Environmental Studies (Japan); the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, US Department of Commerce (USA); Max-Planck-Institute for Biochemistry (Germany); and University of Reading (UK).</p>

Evaluation of a ship-based unoccupied aircraft system (UAS) for surveys of spotted and ribbon seals in the Bering Sea pack ice

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 114-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin E. Moreland ◽  
Michael F. Cameron ◽  
Robyn P. Angliss ◽  
Peter L. Boveng
Keyword(s):  
Bering Sea ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Ecosystem Responses ◽  
New Class ◽  
Pack Ice ◽  
Low Altitude ◽  
Aircraft System ◽  
The Bering Sea

The remote pack ice of the arctic and subarctic seas is challenging to access, yet extremely important to understand and monitor. The pack ice holds the key to understanding ecosystem responses to climate change and is vital habitat for many species including ice-associated seals. Unoccupied aircraft systems (UAS) are a new class of tools that may overcome the traditional challenges associated with expansive offshore surveys. We conducted UAS flights over the pack ice during a spring 2009 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) cruise to the Bering Sea to determine whether advances in UAS technology can enable effective large-scale, systematic ship-based surveys for seals in the seasonal ice of the Bering, Beaufort, and Chukchi Seas. A fixed-wing ScanEagle UAS was successfully launched and recovered from the NOAA ship McArthur II to conduct small-scale transect surveys up to 5 nautical miles (M) from the ship's position. More than 27 000 images were collected from 10 flights over the Bering Sea pack ice and seals were identified in 110 of these images. Review of the images indicated a marked reduction in disturbance to seals when compared to images collected from occupied, low-altitude helicopter surveys. These results suggest that large-scale UAS surveys of arctic and subarctic habitat in United States airspace will be possible with improvements in technology, reduced operational costs, and the establishment of inclusive airspace regulations.

Emergent Marine Record and Paleoclimate of the Last Interglaciation along the Northwest Alaskan Coast

1995 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Brigham-Grette ◽  
David M. Hopkins
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Bering Sea ◽  
Atlantic Water ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Last Interglacial ◽  
Arctic Coastal Plain ◽  
The Bering Sea

AbstractThe last interglacial high sea-level stand, the Pelukian transgression of isotope substage 5e, is recorded along the western and northern coasts of Alaska by discontinuous but clearly traceable marine terraces and coastal landforms up to about 10 m altitude. The stratigraphy indicates that sea level reached this altitude only once during the last interglacial cycle. From the type area at Nome, to St. Lawrence Island in the Bering Sea, to the eastern limit of the Beaufort Sea, Pelukian deposits contain extralimital faunas indicating that coastal waters were warmer than present. Amino acid ratios in molluscs from these deposits decrease to the north toward Barrow, consistent with the modern regional temperature gradient. Fossil assemblages at Nome and St. Lawrence Island suggest that the winter sea-ice limit was north of Bering Strait, at least 800 km north of its present position, and the Bering Sea was perennially ice-free. Microfauna in Pelukian sediments recovered from boreholes indicate that Atlantic water may have been present on the shallow Beaufort Shelf, suggesting that the Arctic Ocean was not stratified and the Arctic sea-ice cover was not perennial for some period. In coastal regions of western Alaska, spruce woodlands extended westward beyond their modern range and in northern Alaska, on the Arctic Coastal Plain, spruce groves may have entered the upper Colville River basin. The Flaxman Member of the Gubik Formation on the Alaskan Arctic Coastal Plain was deposited during marine isotope substage 5a and records the breakup of an intra-stage 5 ice sheet over northwestern Keewatin.

Two new species of Suberitida (Porifera, Heteroscleromorpha) from the Bering Sea

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4338 (3) ◽  
pp. 546
Author(s):  
HELMUT LEHNERT
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Bering Sea ◽  
North Atlantic Ocean ◽  
North Pacific Ocean ◽  
First Record ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
The North ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
The Bering Sea

Two new species, Plicatellopsis borealis and Spongosorites beringensis, from the Bering Sea are described; both belong to genera previously not reported from the area. The genus Plicatellopsis, Burton, 1932 (Porifera, Suberitida, Suberitidae) contains five valid species, all recorded from the southern hemisphere. The record of P. borealis n. sp. from the Bering Sea is consequently the first record of the genus from the northern hemisphere. The genus Spongosorites Topsent, 1896 (Porifera, Suberitida, Halichondriidae) contains 22 valid species but none reported from the North Pacific Ocean, Bering Sea or the Arctic Ocean. The geographically closest records are six species occurring in the North Atlantic Ocean. So the description of Spongosorites beringensis n.sp. is the first record of the genus in the region. 

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