scholarly journals Human and Computation-based Music Representation for Gamelan Music

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 82-100
Author(s):  
Arry Maulana Syarif ◽  
Azhari Azhari ◽  
Suprapto Suprapto ◽  
Khafiizh Hastuti
Keyword(s):  
Public Database ◽  
Sheet Music ◽  
Representation Systems ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Pitch Information ◽  
Representation Technique ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Music Piece ◽  
Music Representation ◽  
Musical Elements

A public database containing representative data of karawitan traditional music is needed as a resource for researchers who study computer music and karawitan. To establish this database, a text-based pitch model for music representation that is both human and computer-based was first investigated. A new model of musical representation that can be read by humans and computers is proposed to support music and computer research on karawitan also known as gamelan music. The model is expected to serve as the initial effort to establish a public database of karawitan music representation data. The proposed model was inspired by Helmholtz Notation and Scientific Pitch Notation and well-established, text-based pitch representation systems. The model was developed not only for pitch number, high or low or middle pitch information (octave information), but for musical elements found in gamelan sheet music pieces that include pitch value and legato signs. The model was named Gendhing Scientific Pitch Notation (GSPN). Ghending is a Javanese word that means “song”. The GSPN model was designed to represent music by formulating musical elements from a sheet music piece. Furthermore, the model can automatically be converted to other music representation formats. In the experiment, data in the GSPN format was implemented to automatically convert sheet music to a binary code with localist representation technique.

MPEG Symbolic Music Representation

2011 ◽  
pp. 12-25
Author(s):  
Pierfrancesco Bellini ◽  
Paolo Nesi ◽  
Giorgio Zioa
Keyword(s):  
Music Performance ◽  
Visual Display ◽  
Sheet Music ◽  
Music Production ◽  
Visual Coding ◽  
Music Score ◽  
Communication Devices ◽  
Audio Rendering ◽  
Music Piece ◽  
Music Representation

The evolution of digital communication devices and formats has recently produced fundamental changes in the practical approach to music representation and notation, transforming them from a simple visual coding model for sheet music into a composite tool for modelling music in computer and multimedia applications in general. As a consequence, a multi-layer model of music representation is needed for several purposes in addition to sheet music production or visual display, such as audio rendering, entertainment, music analysis, database query, music performance coding, music distance learning, etc. The Symbolic Music Representation is a standard for modelling music notations, proposed inside the MPEG multimedia framework. Symbolic music representation generalizes the main music notation concepts to model the visual aspects of a music score, and audio information or annotations related to the music piece, allowing integration with other audiovisual elements by multimedia references. The Symbolic Music Representation standard overcomes the limitations of a widely accepted format like MIDI, which is in line with its main purpose to model music events whereas it reveals important limitations in producing audio and visual representations with satisfactory results.

Medical Volumes Segmentation Approach Based on Level Set Method

2011 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 173-176
Author(s):  
Zhong Wei Li ◽  
Ming Jiu Ni ◽  
Zhen Kuan Pan
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Angiography ◽  
Level Set Method ◽  
Level Set ◽  
Medical Application ◽  
Vascular Structure ◽  
Thin Structures ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Segmentation Approach ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Segmentation Task

Volumes segmentation is an important part of computer based medical application for diagnosis and analysis of anatomical data. A segmentation approach based on the level set method is proposed for accurately extracting vasculature from magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) volumes in this paper. The proposed model has a boundary alignment term that is used for segmentation of thin structures. Finally the proposed model is applied to the segmentation of MRA volumes. The result shows that the proposed model by us can complete the segmentation task of vascular structure and cannot complete the same task by the model without boundary alignment term

A Framework for the Evaluation of Music Representation Systems

1993 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geraint Wiggins ◽  
Eduardo Miranda ◽  
Alan Smaill ◽  
Mitch Harris
Keyword(s):  
Representation Systems ◽  
Music Representation

Computer Based Requirement and Concept Modelling: Information Gathering and Classification

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredrik Andersson ◽  
Patrik Nilsson ◽  
Hans Johannesson
Keyword(s):  
Object Oriented ◽  
Design Activity ◽  
Design Evolution ◽  
Concept Model ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
Object Oriented Approach ◽  
Oriented Approach

Abstract This paper proposes a requirement and concept model based on a functional decomposition of mechanical systems. It is an object-oriented approach to integrate the representation of the design artefact and the design activity, through the decisions made during the design evolution. The requirements co-evolve simultaneously with the formation of the conceptual layout, through the opportunity to alter between function and physical/abstract solutions. This approach structures the design requirements and concepts in such a way that it supports the ability to document their sources, to allow for validation and verifications of both requirements and design solutions. First, the proposed model is presented from a theoretical viewpoint. Secondly, a methodology for modelling requirements and concepts in an object-oriented fashion is discussed. Finally, the model is implemented in METIS software and tested in a case study of an electric window winder on a truck door.

Anthem Creation for a New Nation (Intermediate)

2020 ◽  
pp. 115-118
Author(s):  
Patrick K. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Music Production ◽  
Political Views ◽  
Music Camp ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
New Nation ◽  
Programmatic Music ◽  
Musical Elements ◽  
School Computer ◽  
Camp Activity

Politics can be a tricky subject to navigate in the classroom. In the project described in this chapter, students create a fictional country and national anthem that encapsulates the political views of a fictional new nation. Students have the opportunity to be creative and critical thinkers without the fear of backlash for sharing ideas. Essentially, students are shown the concept of programmatic music and how certain musical elements can conjure extramusical ideas. This project is designed for students in a high school computer-based music production class. It is intended to be completed in pairs, but the teacher may adjust this arrangement depending on the culture of the classroom. This project could also serve as a great music camp activity.

A study of an EOQ model with public-screened discounted items under cloudy fuzzy demand rate

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Suman Maity ◽  
Sujit Kumar De ◽  
Madhumangal Pal ◽  
Sankar Prasad Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Uncertain Demand ◽  
Order Quantity ◽  
Eoq Model ◽  
Fuzzy Environment ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Imperfect Items ◽  
Demand Rate ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Fuzzy Degree ◽  
Graphical Illustration

This article deals with an economic order quantity inventory model of imperfect items under non-random uncertain demand. Here we consider the customers screen the imperfect items during the selling period. After a certain period of time, the imperfect items are sold at a discounted price. We split the model into three cases, assuming that the demand rate increases, decreases, and is constant in the discount period. Firstly, we solve the crisp model, and then the model is converted into a fuzzy environment. Here we consider the dense fuzzy, parabolic fuzzy, degree of fuzziness and cloudy fuzzy for a comparative study. The basic novelty of this paper is that a computer-based algorithm and flow chart have been given for the solution of the proposed model. Finally, sensitivity analysis and graphical illustration have been given to check the validity of the model.

Music Representation of Score, Sound, MIDI, Structure and Metadata All Integrated in a Single Multilayer Environment Based on XML

2011 ◽  
pp. 305-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano Baratè ◽  
Goffredo Haus ◽  
Luca A. Ludovico
Keyword(s):  
Multilayer Structure ◽  
General Music ◽  
Comprehensive Description ◽  
Standardization Process ◽  
Music Information ◽  
Music Piece ◽  
Music Representation

In this chapter, we will analyze the heterogeneous contents involved in a comprehensive description of music, organizing them according to a multilayer structure. Each layer we can identify corresponds to a different degree of abstraction in music information. In particular, our approach arranges music contents in six layers: General, Music Logic, Structural, Notational, Performance, and Audio. In order to reflect such organization, we will introduce a new XML-based format, called MX, which is currently undergoing the IEEE standardization process (IEEE SA PAR1599). In an MX file, music symbols, printed scores, audio tracks, computer-driven performances, catalogue metadata, and graphic contents related to a single music piece can be linked and mutually synchronized within the same encoding. The aforementioned multilayer structure allows us to gather and organize heterogeneous contents, leaving them encoded in well-known and commonly used formats aimed at music description.

Music in The Architect of Ruins, a postmodern novel by Herbert Rosendorfer

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
pp. 155-164
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Roguska
Keyword(s):  
Literary Work ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Past ◽  
Don Giovanni ◽  
Postmodern Novel ◽  
Music Piece ◽  
Construction Pattern ◽  
Musical Elements ◽  
As If

Herbert Rosendorfer’s work entitled The Architect of Ruins fits in the postmodern novel trend. Its connections with culture texts include references to literary texts and music pieces. The most important references of the first type seem to be the ones to Jan Potocki’s novel The Saragossa Manuscript. The existence of music compositions in the novel by Rosendorfer, a witter and a musicologist in one person, functions on a number of levels. Here it is worth to mention the concept coined by the Polish scholar Michał Głowiński according to which music may appear in a novel on three levels – when it is an element of the plot, when it constitutes a topic by itself, and when the work of music referred to acquires a symbolic dimension in the context of a music piece. These three literary situations can easily be found in Rosendorfer’s book. What is particularly important and interesting, however, is applying a construction pattern taken from the field of music in a literary work. Such a possibility, i.e., musical elements functioning in in a literary piece, is described in Andrzej Hejmej’s Musicality of a Literary Work. In The Architect of Ruins construction references fit in the specificity of a postmodern novel: as stated by Magdalena Janoszka, Potocki’s The Saragossa Manuscript, which was an important inspiration for Rosendorfer, should be classified as a polyphonic novel. According to Bachtin’s concept, a word does not a exist in an isolated and independent way, but it is an answer to other words written in the past. As a writer and musicologist, Rosendorfer skilfully moves in the field of references to music and literary works – e.g. Mozart’s Don Giovanni and the literary thread of Giacomo Casanova’s Memoirs. In his book, the Austrian writer presents the profiles of musicians – a virtuoso (whom music lovers are desperate to hear live – in vain), an organist performing a truly postmodern Musiquiana, and a vampiric composer stealing every new composition written by his student. This way, in The Architect of Ruins music becomes the material with which the author of the novel co-creates his work as if with literary motifs.

scholarly journals A Psychometric Model for Discrete-Option Multiple-Choice Items

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-48
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Bolt ◽  
Nana Kim ◽  
James Wollack ◽  
Yiqin Pan ◽  
Carol Eckerly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Item Difficulty ◽  
Multiple Choice ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Response Options ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Sequential Administration ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Multiple Choice Items ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Psychometric Model

Discrete-option multiple-choice (DOMC) items differ from traditional multiple-choice (MC) items in the sequential administration of response options (up to display of the correct option). DOMC can be appealing in computer-based test administrations due to its protection of item security and its potential to reduce testwiseness effects. A psychometric model for DOMC items that attends to the random positioning of key location across different administrations of the same item is proposed, a feature that has been shown to affect DOMC item difficulty. Using two empirical data sets having items administered in both DOMC and MC formats, the variability in key location effects across both items and persons is considered. The proposed model exploits the capacity of the DOMC format to isolate both (a) distinct sources of item difficulty (i.e., related to the identification of keyed responses versus the ruling out of distractor options) and (b) distinct person proficiencies related to the same two components. Practical implications in terms of the randomized process applied to schedule item key location in DOMC test administrations are considered.

An intelligent system to identify coal maceral groups using markov-fuzzy clustering approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Alpana ◽  
Satish Chand ◽  
Subrajeet Mohapatra ◽  
Vivek Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Clustering ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Intelligent System ◽  
Group Identification ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Subjective Outcome ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Clustering Approach ◽  
Manual Methods

Coal is the mixture of organic matters, called as macerals, and inorganic matters. Macerals are categorized into three major groups, i.e., vitrinite, inertinite, and liptinite. The maceral group identification serves an important role in coking and non-coking coal processes that are used mainly in steel and iron industries. Hence, it becomes important to efficiently characterize these maceral groups. Currently, industries use the optical polarized microscope to distinguish the maceral groups. However, the microscopical analysis is a manual method which is time-consuming and provides subjective outcome due to human interference. Therefore, an automated approach that can identify the maceral groups accurately in less processing time is strongly needed in industries. Computer-based image analysis methods are revolutionizing the industries because of its accuracy and efficacy. In this study, an intelligent maceral group identification system is proposed using markov-fuzzy clustering approach. This approach is an integration of fuzzy sets and the markov random field, which is employed towards maceral group identification in a clustering framework. The proposed model shows better results when compared with the standard cluster-based segmentation techniques. The results from the suggested model have also been validated against the outcome of manual methods, and the feasibility is tested using performance metrics.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document