PEMANSUHAN UJIAN PENILAIAN SEKOLAH RENDAH DAN PELAKSANAAN PENTAKSIRAN BILIK DARJAH: SATU TINJAUAN DALAM KALANGAN GURU BESAR

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-89
Author(s):  
Kalai Selvan Arumugham ◽  
Joohari Ariffin
Keyword(s):  
Classroom Assessment ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
School Achievement ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Summative Assessment ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
Curriculum Changes ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Professional Judgement

Abstract: The abolition of Primary School Achievement Test (UPSR) has triggered various reactions among educators. Although this agenda has been informed since the introduction of the new curriculum in 2011, educators and parents did not fully accept this. This research was conducted to explore and understand in-depth the views of school headmasters on the abolition of the UPSR and obtain their views on the implementation of Classroom Assessment (PBD). At the early stage the researchers conducted a survey to get an initial picture of their reactions to the issues and subsequently, the issue was explored in depth using qualitative methods. Focus group interviews conducted online to explore their perspectives on the abolition of UPSR and the implementation of PBD, which is now taking over the place of UPSR completely. However, with semi-structured interviews that were conducted,  the data were distributed based on the themes that had been identified. Most school headmasters disagree with the abolition of the USPR as they do not fully understand the implementation of PBD. Among the aspects that they still lack understanding are the curriculum changes, professional judgement, quality assurance, and formative and summative assessment methods. Policymakers must ensure that a deep understanding can be formed among school headmasters to ensure that the implementation of PBD can be strengthened and fully understood. It is also suggested that further research be conducted to measure the acceptance among teachers on this issue. Keywords: UPSR abolition, Classroom assessment, Understanding towards PBD     Abstrak: Pemansuhan Ujian Penilaian Sekolah Rendah (UPSR) telah mencetuskan pelbagai reaksi dalam kalangan warga pendidik. Walaupun perkara ini merupakan suatu agenda yang telah dimaklumkan sejak pengenalan kurikulum baharu pada tahun 2011, namun warga pendidik dan ibu bapa masih belum boleh menerima perkara ini sepenuhnya. Penyelidikan ini dijalankan untuk meneroka dan memahami secara mendalam tentang pandangan guru besar tentang pemansuhan UPSR ini serta mendapatkan pandangan mereka tentang pelaksanaan Pentaksiran Bilik Darjah (PBD). Pada peringkat awal para penyelidik telah menjalankan satu tinjauan untuk mendapatkan gambaran awal reaksi mereka terhadap isu ini dan seterusnya isu mengupas secara mendalam dengan menggunakan kaedah kualitatif. Temu bual kumpulan berfokus telah dijalankan secara atas talian untuk meneroka perspektif mereka terhadap isu pemansuhan UPSR dan pelaksanaan PBD yang kini mengambil alih tempat UPSR sepenuhnya. Melalui temu bual separa struktur yang telah dijalankan, data-data telah diagihkan berdasarkan tema-tema yang telah dikenal pasti. Sebahagian besar guru besar sekolah kurang bersetuju dengan pemansuhan UPSR ini memandangkan mereka kurang memahami sepenuhnya tentang pelaksanaan PBD. Antara aspek yang mereka masih kurang faham adalah dari segi perubahan kurikulum, pertimbangan profesional, penjaminan kualiti dan kaedah pentaksiran formatif dan sumatif. Pihak penggubal dasar haruslah memastikan pemahaman yang mendalam dapat dibentuk dalam kalangan guru besar sekolah untuk memastikan pelaksanaan PBD dapat dimantapkan dan difahami sepenuhnya. Dicadangkan juga agar kajian lanjut dijalankan untuk mengukur penerimaan dalam kalangan guru-guru terhadap isu tersebut. Kata kunci: Pemansuhan  UPSR, Pentaksiran bilik darjah, Pemahaman tentang PBD

Measuring social performance: reconciling the tension between commercial and social logics

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.K. Siti-Nabiha ◽  
Zubir Azhar ◽  
Salmi Mohd Isa ◽  
A.Z. Siti-Nazariah
Keyword(s):  
Performance Appraisal ◽  
Social Performance ◽  
Institutional Logics ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
Target Groups ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Competing Demands ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Social Logics

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the implementation of microfinance programs in three Malaysian development finance institutions (DFIs). Its main concerns revolve around how these DFIs measure and manage their social performance and how they reconcile their competing social and commercial objectives which are driven by particular logics. Design/methodology/approach This paper analyzes the ways in which the DFIs selected for this study measure and manage their social performance. The data were acquired from two sessions of focus group interviews, a series of semi-structured interviews, and extensive reviews of documentaries. The institutional logics perspective is used to explore the interplay between social and commercial logics in shaping the view and use of social performance measures in the three studied DFIs. Findings Although these DFIs have consistently offered formal microfinance programs to designated target groups, their ultimate focus has been on measuring financial as opposed to social performance. Hence, performance appraisal is mainly aligned with the breadth of outreach, rather than its depth. Nevertheless, there appear to be conflicts between the need to accommodate both breadth and depth, due to the competing demands of the two objectives. The rivalry between these two competing demands, which represents the interplay between social and commercial logics, is resolved through reconciliation, that is, by making one objective compatible with the other. Originality/value This paper examines the ways in which the DFIs in the study measure and manage their social performance, a topic that is, currently, not widely explored. This study contributes to advancing the knowledge on the link between institutional logics and organizational practices, particularly in understanding the extent to which the Malaysian DFIs assign importance to social performance when designing and offering microfinance programs.

Language, Gender and Violence in Qualitative Research

2002 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivian Chávez
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Dating Violence ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Youth Violence ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
The Body ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Personal Accounts

The purpose of this exploratory study is to provide a deep understanding of young women's personal accounts of violence to inform prevention programs and policies. Individual and focus group interviews about everyday experiences with violence were conducted with 67 young women, ages 15–19, at a high school in San Francisco, California. Qualitative methods were used to assess the range of young women's experiences with community and interpersonal violence. Three themes emerged from the data: 1) witnessing dating violence; 2) emotions and the language of the body; and 3) the paradox of love and violence. Violence in the lives of young women challenges assumptions about what “youth violence” means, how it happens, and who it happens to.

scholarly journals Etnická identita Uruguayců

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-47
Author(s):  
Anna Josková ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Field Research ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Cultural Elements ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Long Term Observation ◽  
Homogeneous Culture ◽  
Practical Recommendations

This paper examines Uruguayan society, which, despite its multiethnic origins, has developed a homogeneous culture. The main objective is to define the main cultural elements and describe the attributes of the Uruguayan ethnicity. Based on the analysis of socio-cultural specificities, the thesis provides practical recommendations to facilitate good relations with the Uruguayan nation. These may be particularly useful for business people, potential international students, travelers or other visitors to Uruguay, and others interested in learning about the local people and their culture. The theoretical section explains basic concepts related to identity, ethnicity and nation, and also introduces theoretical concepts and approaches to these ambiguous phenomena. The practical part contains interpreted data from field research conducted by the author in Uruguay in 2018. The research is based on qualitative research methods and consists of two focus group interviews with Uruguayans, four semi-structured interviews with recent immigrants, and long-term observation. The significance of the research is all the more valuable because the findings presented are unique in the field of this previously uncovered topic.

scholarly journals Exploring the Inescapable Suffering Among Postgraduate Researchers

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-41
Author(s):  
Nabil Hasan Al-Kumaim ◽  
Siti Hasnah Hassan ◽  
Muhammad Salman Shabbir ◽  
Abdulwahab Ali Almazroi ◽  
Hussein Mohammed Abu Al-Rejal
Keyword(s):  
Information Overload ◽  
Research Performance ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Internet Technology ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Group Interviews

This study aims to get a deep understanding of the causes, effects, and remedies of information overload (IO) phenomenon among postgraduate scholars in the era of advanced internet technology. In-depth semi-structured face-to-face interviews and focus group interviews were implemented. Majority of the participants in this study exposed that IO represents real inescapable suffering that severely affects their research performance in different stages of their research. Time-consuming, cost, inferior research work, and poor personal health, isolation, low level of creativity and productivity are some of the major drawbacks resulted from IO. The collected data were thematically analysed using NVivo 12 software; the results were introduced five main themes that described information overload's forms, causes, consequences, and the ways to overcome IO phenomenon. Some practical insights and implications were provided to the decision-makers and professionals in higher education institutions to manage information overload and to reduce its negative effects among postgraduate students.

scholarly journals Assessing the poverty impact of internal resettlement programs on the ethnic minorities in Lao PDR

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Souphalack Bounpadith
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Lao Pdr ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
The Government ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Resettlement Programs

<p>This research assesses how poverty-based resettlement programs make a contribution to poverty reduction and controlling migration of ethnic people in rural Laos. In 2009, the government of Laos launched new resettlement programs in six northern provinces. The programs aimed to improve the accessibility to land of people who were remaining poor in some rural areas. Primarily, poor people were required to resettle in a village where land could be available for them.  I investigated two resettlement sites in Thathome district, Xiangkhoang province. I applied a qualitative approach to examine the poverty experiences of settlers. In particular, I focused on identifying the causes and impacts of poverty-based resettlement programs on ethnic migrants. Semi-structured interviews were used to gather responses from migrants, government officers and host villagers. Two focus group interviews were organized with migrant participants who came from different locations.  The findings revealed that poverty-based resettlement programs did not directly address the core causes of poverty and migration of poor people in rural Laos. Conversely, the improper planning and implementation of programs were responsible for poverty that happened in the resettlement sites. The programs were carried out while the local government was hampered by insufficient funds. There was little support and assistance provided to settlers during the transitional periods. As a result, settlers faced worse hardship than they had in their original villages. Poverty-based resettlement programs instead of reducing poverty had created a situation whereby there was a greater potential for poor people to become trapped in continued poverty.</p>

Challenges Facing the Effective Functioning of Ward Committees as a Mechanism to Promote Local Democracy in the Former Tlokwe Local Municipality (TLM)

Politeia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melvin Diedericks ◽  
Sello Seitlholo
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Local Democracy ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
Effective Functioning ◽  
Local Municipality ◽  
Group Interviews

This article investigates the challenges facing the effective functioning of ward committees as a mechanism to promote local democracy in the former Tlokwe Local Municipality’s (TLM) area of jurisdiction. Ward committees in South Africa (SA) were specifically established to strengthen the participation of communities in local governance. A qualitative research design was used to collect and analyse data for purposes of achieving the objectives of this study. This involved a literature review designed to contextualise effective ward committee functioning in a developing South Africa. Semi-structured interviews were held with senior officials from TLM. Officials were selected based upon their expert knowledge with regard to the facilitation of public participation and for being responsible for effective ward committee functioning within TLM. Focus group interviews were also held with at least four ward committees operating within the boundaries of the municipality. The purpose of using focus group interviews in this study was to identify specific operational challenges as experienced by the ward committees, including how these challenges affected the fulfilment of their responsibilities. Significant findings include that communication was a critical aspect to address challenges, and that a lack of resources was hampering ward committees in functioning more effectively in the area.

Employment Relations System in the SMEs Sector: A Study on the Hospitality Sector

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Mishra ◽  
Partha Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Employment Relations ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
Hospitality Sector ◽  
Group Interviews

The present paper highlights certain aspects of employment relations in the SME sector in India with special reference to the hospitality sector. Based on the inputs obtained from the different stakeholders through structured interviews, the authors have analysed the ‘actors’, ‘context’ and the ‘processes’ in the perspective of employment relations system in the hospitality SME sector. Moreover, questionnaire survey and focus group interviews have been conducted with a group of employees with a view to recognise and analyse the relevant issues in a better way. The study has been carried out in select hotels in Varanasi. The unique aspects of the different ‘actors’ of employment relations in the Indian hospitality SME sector have been examined. The paper also highlights the relevance of ‘context’ in the employment relations system. Finally, the authors have developed a model on employment relations system in the hospitality SMEs sector.

scholarly journals Challenges and Barriers Affecting the Quality of Triage in Emergency Departments: A Qualitative Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa Bijani ◽  
Ali Asghar Khaleghi
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Management ◽  
Emergency Departments ◽  
Human Resources Management ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Structural Problems ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
And Performance

Background: Correct and fast triage is the key to successful performance in emergency departments. Various factors can affect the quality of triage; therefore, the present study was conducted to identify and explore the existing challenges in triage units in emergency departments. Materials and Methods: The present study was a qualitative exploratory work conducted via the content analysis approach. Data were collected using in-depth, semi-structured interviews, and focus group interviews. Accordingly, 22 in-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted in with 18 triage nurses and four emergency medicine specialists on a face-to-face basis. Results: The challenges related to triage nurses fall into two subcategories; lack of clinical competency and psychological capabilities. The challenges related to emergency management consist of challenges in human resources management, structural, and performance. Conclusion: The challenges existing in triage units are influenced by factors related to triage nurses and emergency management. Emergency administrators can improve the effectiveness and quality of triaging patients by empowering triage nurses and removing structural problems in triage units.[GMJ.2019;8:e1619]

scholarly journals Ábyrgar konur og sjúkir karlar. Birtingarmyndir nauðgunarmenningar í íslensku samfélagi

Ritið ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-39
Author(s):  
Finnborg S. Steinþórsdóttir ◽  
Gyða Margrét Pétursdóttir
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
University Student ◽  
Rape Culture ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
Rape Survivors ◽  
The Past ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
The Impact

In the past months and years women have been raising awareness against rape and other sexual violence. The aim of the research discussed in this article is to shed a light on rape culture in Iceland, especially what ideas are prevailing among young people about rape, survivors and perpetrators. Moreover, the aim is to shed a light on the impact of these ideas on rape survivors. The study draws on focus group interviews with university students and semi-structured interviews with a university student, rape survivors and an expert who works closely with survivors. The findings highlight rape culture in Iceland and how rape and other sexual violence is normal-ized. Predominant discourses and myths tend to question the rape, portray survivors as responsible for the rape and find ways to extenuate perpetrators.

scholarly journals Unprofessional behaviour of GP residents and its remediation: a qualitative study among supervisors and faculty

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pieter C. Barnhoorn ◽  
Vera Nierkens ◽  
Marianne C. Mak-van der Vossen ◽  
Mattijs E. Numans ◽  
Walther N. K. A. van Mook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
Unprofessional Behaviour ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Gp Training

Abstract Background Lapses in professionalism have profound negative effects on patients, health professionals, and society. The connection between unprofessional behaviour during training and later practice requires timely identification and remediation. However, appropriate language to describe unprofessional behaviour and its remediation during residency is lacking. Therefore, this exploratory study aims to investigate which behaviours of GP residents are considered unprofessional according to supervisors and faculty, and how remediation is applied. Methods We conducted eight semi-structured focus group interviews with 55 broadly selected supervisors from four Dutch GP training institutes. In addition, we conducted individual semi-structured interviews with eight designated professionalism faculty members. Interview recordings were transcribed verbatim. Data were coded in two consecutive steps: preliminary inductive coding was followed by secondary deductive coding using the descriptors from the recently developed ‘Four I’s’ model for describing unprofessional behaviours as sensitising concepts. Results Despite the differences in participants’ professional positions, we identified a shared conceptualisation in pinpointing and assessing unprofessional behaviour. Both groups described multiple unprofessional behaviours, which could be successfully mapped to the descriptors and categories of the Four I’s model. Behaviours in the categories ‘Involvement’ and ‘Interaction’ were assessed as mild and received informal, pedagogical feedback. Behaviours in the categories ‘Introspection’ and ‘Integrity’, were seen as very alarming and received strict remediation. We identified two new groups of behaviours; ‘Nervous exhaustion complaints’ and ‘Nine-to-five mentality’, needing to be added to the Four I’s model. The diagnostic phase of unprofessional behaviour usually started with the supervisor getting a ‘sense of alarm’, which was described as either a ‘gut feeling’, ‘a loss of enthusiasm for teaching’ or ‘fuss surrounding the resident’. This sense of alarm triggered the remediation phase. However, the diagnostic and remediation phases did not appear consecutive or distinct, but rather intertwined. Conclusions The processes of identification and remediation of unprofessional behaviour in residents appeared to be intertwined. Identification of behaviours related to lack of introspection or integrity were perceived as the most important to remediate. The results of this research provide supervisors and faculty with an appropriate language to describe unprofessional behaviours among residents, which can facilitate timely identification and remediation.

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