Editorial: Strengthening the researches of genomics of bast fiber crops to promote elite allele mining and germplasm innovation

The versatile bast fiber jute has environmental benefits compared to glass fibers. However, for jute to be used in a composite, the fiber properties need to be altered. This study aims to improve the mechanical properties of jute yarn to make it more suitable for technical applications as a composite. To alter its mechanical properties, jute yarn was immersed in water during microwave treatment. The time and power of the microwave settings differed between runs. Two states of the yarn were tested: fastened and un-fastened. Tensile testing was used at the yarn and fiber level, followed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and microscopy. The treatment result demonstrated the ability to increase the elongation of the jute yarn by 70%. The tenacity was also increased by 34% in the fastened state and 20% in the un-fastened state. FTIR showed that no change in the molecular structure occurred. The treatments resulted in a change of yarn thickness depending on the state of the yarn. The results indicate that microwave treatment can be used to make jute more suitable for technical applications depending on the microwave treatment parameters.

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Improvement of Performance Profile of Acrylic Based Polyester Bio-Composites by Bast/Basalt Fibers Hybridization for Automotive Applications

Journal of Composites Science ◽

10.3390/jcs5040100 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 100

Author(s):

Anjum Saleem ◽

Luisa Medina ◽

Mikael Skrifvars

Keyword(s):

Hybrid Composites ◽

Flexural Modulus ◽

Basalt Fiber ◽

Fiber Composites ◽

Fiber Reinforced ◽

Basalt Fibers ◽

Bast Fiber ◽

Bast Fibers ◽

Resin Impregnation ◽

Structural Applications

New technologies in the automotive industry require lightweight, environment-friendly, and mechanically strong materials. Bast fibers such as kenaf, flax, and hemp reinforced polymers are frequently used composites in semi-structural applications in industry. However, the low mechanical properties of bast fibers limit the applications of these composites in structural applications. The work presented here aims to enhance the mechanical property profile of bast fiber reinforced acrylic-based polyester resin composites by hybridization with basalt fibers. The hybridization was studied in three resin forms, solution, dispersion, and a mixture of solution and dispersion resin forms. The composites were prepared by established processing methods such as carding, resin impregnation, and compression molding. The composites were characterized for their mechanical (tensile, flexural, and Charpy impact strength), thermal, and morphological properties. The mechanical performance of hybrid bast/basalt fiber composites was significantly improved compared to their respective bast fiber composites. For hybrid composites, the specific flexural modulus and strength were on an average about 21 and 19% higher, specific tensile modulus and strength about 31 and 16% higher, respectively, and the specific impact energy was 13% higher than bast fiber reinforced composites. The statistical significance of the results was analyzed using one-way analysis of variance.

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Explore the genetics of weedy traits using rice 3K database

Botanical Studies ◽

10.1186/s40529-020-00309-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 62 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yu-Lan Lin ◽

Dong-Hong Wu ◽

Cheng-Chieh Wu ◽

Yung-Fen Huang

Keyword(s):

Seed Coat ◽

Coat Color ◽

Rice Genome ◽

Genome Project ◽

Weedy Rice ◽

Seed Coat Color ◽

Allele Mining ◽

Cultivated Rice ◽

Population Structure Analysis ◽

Public Data

Abstract Background Weedy rice, a conspecific weedy counterpart of the cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.), has been problematic in rice-production area worldwide. Although we started to know about the origin of some weedy traits for some rice-growing regions, an overall assessment of weedy trait-related loci was not yet available. On the other hand, the advances in sequencing technologies, together with community efforts, have made publicly available a large amount of genomic data. Given the availability of public data and the need of “weedy” allele mining for a better management of weedy rice, the objective of the present study was to explore the genetic architecture of weedy traits based on publicly available data, mainly from the 3000 Rice Genome Project (3K-RGP). Results Based on the results of population structure analysis, we have selected 1378 individuals from four sub-populations (aus, indica, temperate japonica, tropical japonica) without admixed genomic composition for genome-wide association analysis (GWAS). Five traits were investigated: awn color, seed shattering, seed threshability, seed coat color, and seedling height. GWAS was conducted for each sub-population × trait combination and we have identified 66 population-specific trait-associated SNPs. Eleven significant SNPs fell into an annotated gene and four other SNPs were close to a putative candidate gene (± 25 kb). SNPs located in or close to Rc were particularly predictive of the occurrence of seed coat color and our results showed that different sub-populations required different SNPs for a better seed coat color prediction. We compared the data of 3K-RGP to a publicly available weedy rice dataset. The profile of allele frequency, phenotype-genotype segregation of target SNP, as well as GWAS results for the presence and absence of awns diverged between the two sets of data. Conclusions The genotype of trait-associated SNPs identified in this study, especially those located in or close to Rc, can be developed to diagnostic SNPs to trace the origin of weedy trait occurred in the field. The difference of results from the two publicly available datasets used in this study emphasized the importance of laboratory experiments to confirm the allele mining results based on publicly available data.

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Industrial Hemp—an Old but Versatile Bast Fiber Crop

Journal of Natural Fibers ◽

10.1080/15440478.2021.1907834 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-14

Author(s):

Xinlin Zhao ◽

Xiuye Wei ◽

Yuan Guo ◽

Caisheng Qiu ◽

Songhua Long ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bast Fiber ◽

Industrial Hemp

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Surface modification of okra bast fiber and its physico-chemical characteristics

Fibers and Polymers ◽

10.1007/s12221-009-0065-1 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 65-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 60

Author(s):

G. M. Arifuzzaman Khan ◽

Md. Shaheruzzaman ◽

M. H. Rahman ◽

S. M. Abdur Razzaque ◽

Md. Sakinul Islam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surface Modification ◽

Chemical Characteristics ◽

Bast Fiber ◽

Physico Chemical

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Kenaf core and bast fiber chips as raw material in production of one-layer experimental particleboards

European Journal of Wood and Wood Products ◽

10.1007/s001070050429 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 58 (4) ◽

pp. 290-291 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

A. Grigoriou ◽

C. Passialis ◽

E. Voulgaridis

Keyword(s):

Raw Material ◽

Bast Fiber ◽

Kenaf Core

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Research on Mechanical Properties of Several New Regenerated Cellulose Fibers

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.332-334.489 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 332-334 ◽

pp. 489-495 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Rong Zhou ◽

Ming Xia Yang

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Phase Change Materials ◽

Cellulose Fiber ◽

Cellulose Fibers ◽

Regenerated Cellulose ◽

Pulp Fiber ◽

Pulp Fibers ◽

Bast Fiber ◽

Bamboo Pulp ◽

Lyocell Fiber

Regenerated cellulose fiber is the most widely-used and most variety of cellulose fiber. Five categories and ten kinds of fibers such as lyocell fiber, modal fiber, bamboo pulp fiber, sheng-bast fiber, Outlast viscose fiber were chosen as the research object. The strength property and elasticity of fibers in dry and wet state were tested and analysis. The comprehensive performances of fabrics were studied and mechanical properties of the fibers were listed in the order from good to bad by grey clustering analysis. The results show lyocell G100 and lyocell LF have better comprehensive mechanical properties ,while other new regenerated cellulose fibers’ comprehensive mechanical properties are general. Among these fibers modal fiber’s comprehensive mechanical properties are slightly better than sheng-bast fibers’ and bamboo pulp fibers’. Modal fiber, sheng-bast fiber and Bamboo pulp fiber have no significantly poor single parameter and all of them have better comprehensive mechanical properties than various viscose fibers. Outlast viscose in which has been added phase change materials sensitive to temperature by Microcapsule techniques fundamentally keeps similar comprehensive mechanical properties with other regenerated cellulose fibers,but its properties decline slightly .

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