scholarly journals Improvement of Performance Profile of Acrylic Based Polyester Bio-Composites by Bast/Basalt Fibers Hybridization for Automotive Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Anjum Saleem ◽  
Luisa Medina ◽  
Mikael Skrifvars
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Fiber Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Basalt Fibers ◽  
Bast Fiber ◽  
Bast Fibers ◽  
Resin Impregnation ◽  
Structural Applications

New technologies in the automotive industry require lightweight, environment-friendly, and mechanically strong materials. Bast fibers such as kenaf, flax, and hemp reinforced polymers are frequently used composites in semi-structural applications in industry. However, the low mechanical properties of bast fibers limit the applications of these composites in structural applications. The work presented here aims to enhance the mechanical property profile of bast fiber reinforced acrylic-based polyester resin composites by hybridization with basalt fibers. The hybridization was studied in three resin forms, solution, dispersion, and a mixture of solution and dispersion resin forms. The composites were prepared by established processing methods such as carding, resin impregnation, and compression molding. The composites were characterized for their mechanical (tensile, flexural, and Charpy impact strength), thermal, and morphological properties. The mechanical performance of hybrid bast/basalt fiber composites was significantly improved compared to their respective bast fiber composites. For hybrid composites, the specific flexural modulus and strength were on an average about 21 and 19% higher, specific tensile modulus and strength about 31 and 16% higher, respectively, and the specific impact energy was 13% higher than bast fiber reinforced composites. The statistical significance of the results was analyzed using one-way analysis of variance.

scholarly journals Hybrid Polymer Composites of Bio-Based Bast Fibers with Glass, Carbon and Basalt Fibers for Automotive Applications—A Review

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (21) ◽  
pp. 4933
Author(s):  
Anjum Saleem ◽  
Luisa Medina ◽  
Mikael Skrifvars ◽  
Lena Berglin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Fiber Composites ◽  
Acoustic Properties ◽  
Automotive Applications ◽  
Hybrid Polymer ◽  
Basalt Fibers ◽  
Bast Fiber ◽  
Bast Fibers ◽  
Glass Carbon

Composites with reinforcements based on bast fibers such as flax, hemp and kenaf offer many advantages such as weight reduction, improved specific impact, flexural, acoustic properties, and balanced performance to cost that can be achieved by properly designing the material composition. Their position is well established, especially in the nonstructural automotive applications. However, in structural applications of composites, their mechanical property profile is not comparable to the dominant reinforcements such as glass and carbon fibers. The low mechanical properties of these composites could be improved by hybridization that involves adding high-performance fibers to the bast fiber composites that could improve the low mechanical performance of the bast fiber composites. The review presented in this article provides an overview of the developments in the field of hybrid polymer composites composed of bio-based bast fibers with glass, carbon, and basalt fibers. The focus areas are the composite manufacturing methods, the influence of hybridization on the mechanical properties, and the applications of hybrid composites.

scholarly journals Process Technology, Applications and Thermal Resistivity of Basalt Fiber Reinforced SiOC Composites

Ceramics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gadow ◽  
Weichand ◽  
Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Ceramic Matrix Composites ◽  
Thermal Resistivity ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Basalt Fibers ◽  
Process Technology

Promising lightweight composite materials, bridging the gap between Polymer and Ceramic Matrix Composites, are manufactured as polymer derived ceramics by the use of polysiloxanes and basalt fibers. Such competitive free formable Hybrid Composites are supposed to be capable for lightweight applications in a temperature range between 300 °C and 850 °C and short time exposure up to over 1000 °C, even in oxidative atmosphere. Cheap raw materials like basalt fibers and siloxane resins in combination with performing manufacturing technologies can establish completely new markets for intermediate temperature composites. These attributes enable the Hybrid Composites as ideal material for fire retardant applications in automotive engineering and public transportation, as well as in fire protection systems in electrical and civil engineering applications. In this study, the most prominent fields of application and engineering solutions for Hybrid-CMC are reviewed and the results of the thermal resistivity analysis effectuated on basalt fiber reinforced SiOC samples are presented. This study consisted of several air exposures between 1 h and 50 h and temperatures in the range of 650 °C to 1100 °C. Remaining mechanical resistance was characterized by Impulse Excitation Technique (IET) and Interlaminar Shear Strength (ILSS) tests. Basalt fiber reinforced samples exhibited a decent level of mechanical performance even after the most demanding exposures. Due to the poor oxidation resistance of carbon fibers, Cf/SiOC composites were completely degraded after long-term exposure at 500 °C in air.

Tensile behavior of hybrid epoxy composite laminate containing carbon and basalt fibers

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.D.G. Ary Subagia ◽  
Yonjig Kim
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Basalt Fibers ◽  
Hybrid Laminates ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Strength And Stiffness

AbstractThis paper investigated the effect of the incorporation of basalt fibers on the tensile properties of carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy laminates manufactured by vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding. The purpose of this research was to design a carbon-basalt/epoxy hybrid composite material that is of low cost in production, is lightweight, and has good strength and stiffness. The tensile strength and stiffness of the hybrid laminates demonstrated a steady, linear decrease with an increase in basalt fiber content, but the fracture strain gradually increased together with the increase in the basalt layer content. In this study, the incorporation of basalt fibers into the carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) showed lower tensile strength than CFRP but has higher tensile strain. Furthermore, we found that the arrangement and enhancement of basalt fiber into the CFRP significantly influence the mechanical properties of interply hybrid composites.

scholarly journals Development and Mechanical Properties of Basalt Fiber-Reinforced Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene for In-Space Manufacturing Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie Coughlin ◽  
Bradley Drake ◽  
Mikala Fjerstad ◽  
Easton Schuster ◽  
Tyler Waege ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Basalt Fibers ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Butadiene Styrene

A new basalt fiber reinforced acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) filament has been developed for fused filament fabrication (FFF, 3D printing) to be used in Mars habitat construction. Building habitats on Mars will be expensive, especially if all material must be shipped from earth. However, if some materials can be used from Mars, costs will dramatically decrease. Basalt is easily mined from the surface of Mars. This study details the production process of the material, experimental results from mechanical testing, and preliminary X-ray shielding characteristics. The addition of chopped 3 mm basalt fibers to standard FFF material, ABS, increased strength and stiffness of the composite material. By adding 25% (by weight) basalt fiber to ABS, tensile strength improved nearly 40% by increasing from 36.55 MPa to 50.58 MPa, while Modulus of Elasticity increased about 120% from 2.15 GPa to 4.79 GPa. Flexural strength increased by about 20% from 56.94 MPa to 68.51 MPa, while Flexural Modulus increased by about 70% from 1.81 GPa to 3.05 GPa. While compression results did not see much strength improvements, the addition of fibers also did not decrease compressive strength. This is important when considering that basalt fibers provide radiation shielding and the cost of adding basalt fibers to construction materials on Mars will be negligible compared to the cost of shipping other materials from earth. In preliminary digital radiography testing, it was shown that 77% of X-rays were shielded with 25% basalt fiber added (as compared to neat ABS). In small-scale 3D printing applications, the 25% fiber ratio seems to be the highest ratio that provides reliable FFF printing.

Effect of Halloysite Nanotubes on Physico-Mechanical Properties of Silk/Basalt Fabric Reinforced Epoxy Composites

2022 ◽  
Vol 1048 ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
S.M. Darshan ◽  
Bheemappa Suresha
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Halloysite Nanotubes ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Structural Applications ◽  
The Impact

Natural fiber reinforced polymer composites have become more attractive due to their high specific strength, light weight and environmental concern. However, some limitations such as low modulus and poor moisture resistance were reported. This paper presents the role of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) on physico-mechanical properties of bidirectional silk and basalt fiber reinforced epoxy (SF-BF/Ep) hybrid composites. Vacuum bagging and ultra-sonication method were used for the fabrication of hybrid composite slabs. The effect of HNT loadings (1.5, 3 and 4.5 wt. %) on physico-mechanical characteristics like density, hardness, flexural and impact properties of SF-BF/Ep composites were determined according to ASTM standards. Experimental results revealed that the incorporation of HNTs improves the mechanical properties. The impact strength of SF-BF/Ep is predominant at 3 wt. % HNT loading where the impact strength surges to 568.67 J/m, which may render HNT filled SF-BF/Ep desirable for various toughness-critical structural applications. The test results demonstrated that SF-BF/Ep-3HNT coded composites exhibited improved mechanical properties among the all composites.

Hybridization effect on mechanical properties of short basalt/jute fiber-reinforced polyester composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pandian Amuthakkannan ◽  
Vairavan Manikandan ◽  
Jebbas Thangaiah Winowlin Jappes ◽  
Marimuthu Uthayakumar
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Jute Fiber ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Polyester Composites

AbstractMechanical properties of fiber reinforcement that can be obtained by the introduction of basalt fibers in jute fiber-reinforced polyester composites have been analyzed experimentally. Basalt/jute fiber-reinforced hybrid polymer composites were fabricated with a varying fiber percentage by using compression molding techniques. The fabricated composite plates were subjected to mechanical testing to estimate tensile strength, flexural strength and impact strength of the composites. The effect of fiber content on basalt/jute fiber in the composites has been studied. Addition of jute fiber into basalt fiber composite makes it a cost-effective one. Incorporation of basalt fiber into the composites was at approximately 10%, 20%, up to 90%, and the jute fiber percentage was reduced from 90%, 80%, to 10% correspondingly. Mechanical properties were investigated as per ASTM standards. Tensile and flexural strengths were tested by using a computer-assisted universal testing machine, and impact strength by using an Izod impact tester. It has been observed that the addition of jute fiber to the basalt fiber polyester composites enhanced the mechanical properties. Water absorption of hybrid composites was also analyzed and was found to be proportional to fiber percentage.

Investigation on mechanical properties and failure mechanisms of basalt fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composites under different loading conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (14) ◽  
pp. 1907-1914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Zhiming ◽  
Liu Jinxu ◽  
Feng Xinya ◽  
Li Shukui ◽  
Xu Yuxin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Failure Mechanisms ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Aluminum Matrix ◽  
Fiber Content ◽  
Aluminum Matrix Composites ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Basalt Fibers ◽  
Static Compression

Basalt fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composites with different fiber contents (i.e. 0 wt%, 10 wt%, 30 wt% and 50 wt%) were prepared by hot-press sintering. Microstructure analysis indicates that basalt fibers are uniformly distributed in 10% basalt fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composite. The interfacial bonding between basalt fibers and aluminum matrix is good, and there is no interface reaction between basalt fiber and aluminum matrix. Quasi-static tensile, quasi-static compression and dynamic compression properties of basalt fiber reinforced aluminum composites were studied, and the influences of basalt fiber content on mechanical properties were discussed. Meanwhile, the failure mechanisms of basalt fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composites with different fiber content were analyzed.

scholarly journals Fracture Behavior of Nano Particle Reinforced Sisal Fiber Composites using Analytical and Experimental Methods

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1724-1727
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Fracture Behavior ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Fiber Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Sisal Fiber ◽  
Carbon Powder ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced

Sisal fiber reinforced composites are being replaced with manmade composites as these materials are difficult to manufacture and non biodegradable. On the other hand, the natural fiber reinforced composites such as sisal fiber reinforced composites shows less strength compared to manmade composites. The objective of the present work is to explore the mechanical properties of sisal fiber composites and hybrid sisal composites using analytical and experimental methods. The sisal composites and hybrid sisal composites are prepared by using hand layup techniques. The hybrid composites are prepared by reinforcing nano carbon powder and sisal fibers in a polymer matrix with the weight fraction of 9% of carbon powder and 50% of sisal fiber. The elastic modulus of polymer matrix with carbon powder reinforcement and polymer matrix, carbon powder and sisal fiber reinforced composites are identified by conducting suitable experiments. Later by using the finite element method, the fracture behavior of sisal fiber composites and hybrid composites are estimated. The energy released (ER) and energy required to create the surface (ES) are estimated to identify the critical crack length of the respective material. The present work is used for the design of sisal fiber composites with respect to young’s modulus and fracture response.

scholarly journals Dynamic analysis of hybrid basalt and carbon fiber reinforced Bismaleimide composites suited for high temperature structural applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 125302
Author(s):  
N Prasanaa Iyer ◽  
N Arunkumar
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Hybrid Fiber ◽  
Structural Applications ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The main aim of this work is to study thedamage tolerance of hybrid basalt and carbon fiber-reinforced composite subjected to low velocity impact (LVI) at different velocities, 2.89 m s−1 and 4.42 m s−1, simulated using a CEAST drop hammer testing machine and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis(DMA) were conducted to characterize the sample. In this article, the detailed failure mechanism of seven composite laminates (Basalt fiber/Bismaleimide(BMI)-diallyl Bisphenol A(DABA), Carbon fiber/BMI-DABA, Carbon and basalt fiber(hybrid fibers)/BMI-DABA) were studied under loading of LVI. Through the experiment, it was also substantiated that the hybrid fiber-reinforced composites possessed better damage tolerance and thermo mechanical properties than the homogenous fiber-reinforced composites. The hybrid fiber composites that were produced vary in the number of carbon fiber to basalt fiber ratio and stacking sequence. The impacted surface was analyzed at macro level by using Image J software. The impact force, the energy absorbed, and the deformation of the laminates under impact load were scrutinized extensively, and it was inferred that the basalt fiber intercalated with carbon fiber with BMI/DABA possessed the highest damage resistance than the other composite laminates under study. The highest peak force 5702 N and 9241 N with the highest elastic energy 4.8 J, 11.7 J and with lower deformation (3.85 mm, 6.09 mm) and deformation area (22.79 mm2, 28.09 mm2) was observed in the intercalated hybrid laminate.

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