The Path to Integrative Agreements: The Role of Motivational Orientation and Information Sharing Quality in Negotiation Process

AbstractPositivity (i.e., the individual tendency to positively approach life experiences) has proven to be an effective construct applied in positive psychology. However, individuals’ self-regulation may have contrasting effects on positivity. We specifically examined whether positivity could be partially explained through two aspects of motivation concerned with self-regulation: locomotion (i.e., a motivational orientation concerned with movement) and assessment (i.e., a motivational orientation concerned with comparison and evaluation). Furthermore, based on previous literature that found a link between these aspects and narcissism, we examined whether “adaptive” and “maladaptive” dimensions of narcissism could mediate the effects of locomotion and assessment on increased or decreased positivity. Narcissism was defined by previous research as adaptive or maladaptive insofar as it leads or does not lead to increased psychological well-being. We estimated a mediation model with multiple independent variables and multiple mediators in a cross-sectional study with self-reported data from 190 university students. We found that both locomotion and assessment were associated with adaptive narcissism, which in turn was positively associated with positivity. However, assessment was also associated with maladaptive narcissism, which in turn was negatively associated with positivity. Relationships between aspects of self-regulation, narcissism, and positivity can have significant implications which will be discussed.

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The influence of public health information sharing on social media during the early COVID-19 outbreak

Data Technologies and Applications ◽

10.1108/dta-09-2020-0232 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Chiao-Chieh Chen ◽

Yu-Ping Chiu

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Information Sharing ◽

Health Information ◽

Content Type ◽

Related Information ◽

Activity Effect ◽

Network Cluster ◽

Public Health Information ◽

Health Information Sharing

PurposeSocial media have become famous platform to search and share the COVID-19-related information. The objective of this research is to bridge the gap by proposing the effects of network cluster and transmitter activity on information sharing process.Design/methodology/approachData were collected by using Facebook application, which was available for 14 days (May 1–14) in 2020. These data were analyzed to determine the influence of the network cluster and transmitter activity.FindingsThe results showed that network cluster is positively related to transmitter activity on social media. In addition, transmitter activity partially mediated the effect of network cluster on the extent of information liked and shared. That is, transmitter activity can affect COVID-19-related information sharing on Facebook, and the activity effect is plausible and should become stronger as social network become denser.Originality/valueThis study has contributed to the knowledge of health information sharing in social media and has generated new opportunities for research into the role of network cluster. As social media is firmly entrenched in society, researches that improve the experience or quality for users is potentially impactful.

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The role of social media in clubfoot: information sharing and social support

Journal of Children s Orthopaedics ◽

10.1302/1863-2548.15.200176 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 81-88

Author(s):

Gabriel Hanna ◽

Brian D. Batko ◽

James Potter ◽

Joseph Ippolito ◽

Folorunsho Edobor-Osula

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Information Sharing ◽

Emotional Support ◽

Medical Information ◽

Second Opinion ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Success Stories ◽

Congenital Foot Deformity ◽

Facebook Pages

Purpose Clubfoot is the most common congenital foot deformity in children. Caregivers often seek medical information on the internet. The aim of the study was to characterize how social media is used by caregivers to access medical information. Methods A search was performed on Facebook, Twitter and YouTube platforms. Information was quantitatively assessed. Comments were qualitatively assessed, and the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to study thematic comment distribution. Results In total, 58 Facebook groups and pages, 109 YouTube accounts and ten Twitter accounts related to clubfoot were discovered from 2007 to 2019. Facebook groups and pages had a collective 56 123 members and 80 544 total likes, respectively. YouTube had a collective 3 280 454 views, with 54 969 total comments throughout the accounts. Comment themes most commonly included sharing information and advice (38.7%), appreciation and success stories (12.8%), emotional support (12.7%) and social media as a second opinion (11.9%). Facebook groups contained a significantly higher number of comments related to ‘social media as a second opinion’ compared with Facebook pages (p = 0.001), Twitter (p = 0.016) and YouTube (p < 0.0001) while YouTube contained a significantly lower number of comments related to ‘sharing information’ compared with Facebook groups, pages and Twitter (p < 0.0001). Conclusion Social media continues to be a growing tool for information sharing and the findings of this study highlight the importance placed by caregivers on the advice of their peers. The online presence of caregivers may represent an opportunity for orthopaedic surgeons to communicate with patients and help them make informed decisions. Level of evidence IV

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Muslim Clergy vs. Authority in Contemporary Afghanistan: View from Uzbekistan

Vestnik RUDN International Relations ◽

10.22363/2313-0660-2020-20-4-747-762 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 747-762

Author(s):

Abdusamat Akhatovich Khaydarov

Keyword(s):

Negotiation Process ◽

The State ◽

Modern World ◽

Historical Method ◽

Political Processes ◽

Depth Study ◽

Direct Inter ◽

The Relationship ◽

Islamic Institutions

Significant geopolitical changes taking place in the modern world in recent decades urge us to take a fresh look at the role of Islam and the clergy in the political processes of a number of countries of the Muslim world. This perspective is especially relevant vis--vis Afghanistan where a fierce war is being waged under the slogans of Islam for more than four decades. The purpose of this research is an in-depth study of the relationship between the state and the Muslim clergy, Islamic institutions in the development of political processes in Afghanistan since the mid-70s of the last century. The article reflects shaping of the Islamic opposition and its efforts to stand up to innovations and reforms during attempts of the Soviet stile modernization in 1978-1992, and then the efforts to democratize Afghan society, undertaken in Afghanistan since the end of 2001 with the assistance of the international community. The work is based on the study of factual historical material, a chronicle of the events of the last decade and personal observations of the author during his work in Afghanistan during the mentioned period. Analytical materials published on the pages of English and Russian mass media were used. The methodological basis of this study is the comparative historical method; the article is based on the principles of historicism, reliability and scientific objectivity. The author concludes that the conflict is based on mistakes and underestimation by the state the role and influence of the Muslim clergy and Islamic institutions of the country. It has been noted that the recently reached US - Taliban agreements, as well as the assistance of such influential players as Russia, sparkle hope for the launch of a direct inter-Afghan negotiation process, which most likely will not be as simple but thorny.

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Conservatism Gets Funded? A Field Experiment on the Role of Negative Information in Novel Project Evaluation

Management Science ◽

10.1287/mnsc.2021.4107 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jacqueline N. Lanei ◽

Misha Teplitskiy ◽

Gary Gray ◽

Hardeep Ranu ◽

Michael Menietti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Information Sharing ◽

Business Strategy ◽

Research University ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Negative Information ◽

Initial Score ◽

Funding Opportunities ◽

Allocation Decisions ◽

Selection Of

The evaluation and selection of novel projects lies at the heart of scientific and technological innovation, and yet there are persistent concerns about bias, such as conservatism. This paper investigates the role that the format of evaluation, specifically information sharing among expert evaluators, plays in generating conservative decisions. We executed two field experiments in two separate grant-funding opportunities at a leading research university, mobilizing 369 evaluators from seven universities to evaluate 97 projects, resulting in 761 proposal-evaluation pairs and more than $250,000 in awards. We exogenously varied the relative valence (positive and negative) of others’ scores and measured how exposures to higher and lower scores affect the focal evaluator’s propensity to change their initial score. We found causal evidence of a negativity bias, where evaluators lower their scores by more points after seeing scores more critical than their own rather than raise them after seeing more favorable scores. Qualitative coding of the evaluators’ justifications for score changes reveals that exposures to lower scores were associated with greater attention to uncovering weaknesses, whereas exposures to neutral or higher scores were associated with increased emphasis on nonevaluation criteria, such as confidence in one’s judgment. The greater power of negative information suggests that information sharing among expert evaluators can lead to more conservative allocation decisions that favor protecting against failure rather than maximizing success. This paper was accepted by Alfonso Gambardella, business strategy.

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How does information integration enhance SMEs’ credit quality: the mediating role of supply chain capabilities

Industrial Management & Data Systems ◽

10.1108/imds-10-2020-0621 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Yaqin Yuan ◽

Linlin Liu ◽

Liu Liu

Keyword(s):

Information Technology ◽

Supply Chain ◽

Theoretical Model ◽

Information Sharing ◽

Information Integration ◽

Theoretical Research ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Content Type ◽

Credit Quality

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the relationship between information integration, supply chain capabilities and credit quality of small and middle enterprises (SMEs) in supply chain finance (SCF).Design/methodology/approachGrounded in the resource-based view (RBV) and signaling theory, this study proposes a theoretical model. Then, structural equation modeling and interview analysis are employed to test the theoretical model.FindingsThe results show that both two aspects of information integration, namely, information technology and information sharing, have positive effects on the SMEs’ credit quality in SCF, and these effects are mediated by supply chain capabilities.Originality/valueFirst, the paper contributes to SCF literature by simultaneously examining the role of two dimensions of information integration (information technology and information sharing) in enhancing SMEs’ credit quality. Second, this paper enriches the existing theoretical research on SCF by integrating the SMEs perspective and SCF service provider perspective. Moreover, this paper explores the indirect effects of information integration on SMEs’ credit quality by incorporating supply chain capabilities as a mediating factor.

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