ANTHROPOGENIC AND ECONOMIC FACTORS OF THE СRIMEAN ECOLOGY

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
N.P. Demchenko ◽  
N.Yu. Polyakova
Keyword(s):  
Business Owners ◽  
Crimean Peninsula ◽  
The North ◽  
Chemical Release ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Russian Plant ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Town ◽  
Integrated Indicators ◽  
The Crimean Peninsula

The situation in the ecology of the Crimean Peninsula in recent years was discussed in the article. The analysis of absolute and integrated indicators of the anthropogenic impact showed that the ecological situation remains difficult, and according to some indicators even continues to deteriorate. In summer 2018, the situation had worsened because of the large chemical release of titanium dioxide on the north of the Crimea from the holding pond of a large Russian plant that is situated near the town of Armyansk. This, in turn, led to the contamination of the large territory on the north of the peninsula. This fact indicates insufficient control by officials of the Republic of Crimea over the implementation of the RF laws for environmental protection by business owners of various forms of ownership, especially private ownership, the level of responsibility for the environment of which is very low.

scholarly journals Mapping of transformation processes in the ethnodemographic space of the Crimea

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-291
Author(s):  
Igor Voronin ◽  
Kseniya Sikach ◽  
Galina Sazonova ◽  
Alexandra Shvets
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Crimean Peninsula ◽  
Religious Buildings ◽  
Cultural Processes ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Natural Movement ◽  
Regional Community ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Crimean Peninsula

The article presents and summarizes the results of mapping transformational processes in the demographic and ethno-confessional space of the Crimea. Map plots reflect the options for visualizing data on demographic, ethnic and religious processes in the Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol over the past decades. The maps illustrate the dynamics of the population size and density, its natural movement, the balance of migration, marriage and divorce, territorial features of the settlement of large and small ethnic groups of the Crimea, the placement of religious buildings and religious communities on its territory. Maps of rural settlement and the appearance of villages with endangered populations were created and analyzed. The types of dynamics of demographic, ethnic and confessional situations in the Crimea are determined. The analysis of the peculiarities of the dynamics of the ethnodemographic space of the Crimea during the change of its political subjectivity is carried out. The main spatial patterns of the processes that form the modern portrait of the population of the Crimean Peninsula are revealed. The conclusion is made about the possibility of cartographic study of the demographic and ethno-confessional specifics of the territory after preliminary differentiation of socio-cultural processes within its boundaries into large-scale and local ones. This allows us to clarify not only the spatial, but also the essential markers of their occurrence. In modern Crimea, large-scale transformational socio-cultural processes should include all the reproductive and migration changes that are the result of demographic breakdowns that began in the 1990s. The processes of changing its ethnic and confessional spaces should be considered local in Crimea. Their mapping revealed the narrowing nature of such a phenomenon as the polyethnicity of the territory of the Crimean Peninsula. Cartographic study of socio-cultural processes in the Crimea confirmed the author’s hypothesis that the Crimean regional community has not completed the process of post-Soviet transformation and continues to support the development trends established at the end of the twentieth century.

scholarly journals Territory Branding as an Instrument of Regional Development (as Exemplified by the Republic of Crimea)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 388-403
Author(s):  
Ksenia Kornilova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Crimean Peninsula ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Systematic Program ◽  
The Crimean Peninsula

Today in the scientific community and among the practicing experts in the field of tourism there are not enough research findings, which would reveal specifics of tourism development on the Crimean peninsula, potential prospects and approaches to current problems of tourist services for the Russian Federation residents. The article considers different types of tourism in the Republic of Crimea from 2014 to 2017 after its joining the Russian Federation. Having analyzed historical, economic, geographical and other specific features of the region as well as statistical data the author reveals peculiarities of tourism development in the Crimea and Sevastopol, describes opportunities to promote tourist services. The article states problems and prospects of tourism business in the region in the context of territory branding as an important component of territory marketing. The article concludes that it is necessary to develop cultural and informative tourism in the Crimea and to implement a systematic program-oriented approach to organizing exhibition activities in larger cities of the peninsula as well as in the region in general.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the disturbed lands recultivation projects in the Republic of the Crimea

2021 ◽  
pp. 130-139
Author(s):  
E. I. Ergina ◽  
F. F. Adamen ◽  
E. F. Stashkina
Keyword(s):  
Necessary Conditions ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Crimean Peninsula ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Zonal Vegetation ◽  
Disturbed Land ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Crimean Peninsula

The development of the extractive industry on the territory of the Crimean Peninsula leads to an increase in the number of quarries and, consequently, to an increase in the area occupied by disturbed lands requiring recultivation. The reclamation of such land plots on the basis of creating the necessary conditions for the development on them of regenerative successions of zonal vegetation and ultimately the formation of soils is much cheaper for land users. Therefore, studies of the rates of soil formation, including using the methods of mathematical modeling of the processes of formation of the humus horizon of the soil over time, become relevant. Based on the example of the Alexandrovsky field of saw limestone in the Black Sea region of the Republic of the Crimea, the economic efficiency of reclamation of disturbed land was calculated. The results of the calculation showed that in terms of cost-effectiveness, it is more rational to use the mining engineering model with further self-overgrowing of the sites to be reclaimed when it comes to reclaiming disturbed lands of the Alexandrovsky career.

scholarly journals Mediaeval Gravestones from the Crimean Steppe

2021 ◽  
pp. 362-373
Author(s):  
Elena A. Aibabina
Keyword(s):  
Asia Minor ◽  
Crimean Peninsula ◽  
The North ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Rough Form ◽  
Stone Carving ◽  
High Base ◽  
The Town

There are late eighteenth-century maps of the town of Eski-Krym (Solkhat, Krym, Staryi Krym) which Muslim commune shaped by the last third of the thirteenth century showing a number of significant architectural objects and gravestones with stone-carved decorations. The system of Muslim gravestones developed by O.-N. A. Akchokrakly and A. S. Bashkirov is based on the study of forms and the location of ornamental and epigraphic parts of monuments from the cemeteries of Staryi Krym. Carved decorations of medieval grave monuments of Solkhat show by the high artistic level of carving, the quality of technical execution, and original ornamentation. Their connection of stone carving of the Crimea in the Golden Horde Period with the Asia Minor appeared simultaneously with the development of Muslim architecture. Photographs and drawings made by an academic expedition in 1925 that surveyed ancient Tatar settlements and cemeteries in the Crimean steppe (its western areas close to Yevpatoria, as well as the north of the Crimean Peninsula and its east close to the town of Staryi Krym) show a wide range of gravestones, mostly of geometrical forms like pillars topped with turbans. There is a small group of grave monuments, or the so-called two-horned gravestones, representing a rough form of similar tombstones originating from the Muslim cemeteries of Solkhat as the capital of the Crimea in the Golden Horde Period and other large settlements, such as Eski-Iurt. The two-horned gravestones from the cemeteries of large settlements present elaborate forms and inscriptions; they are covered with ornaments featuring the Seljuk style of the Asia Minor. The two-horned gravestones from the cemeteries in the steppe have a high base, with their pillars following the shape of vertical

THE MATERIALS TO THE "BLACK BOOK" OF THE FLORA OF THE CRIMEAN PENINSULA

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-31
Author(s):  
N. A. Bagrikova ◽  
M. V. Skurlatova
Keyword(s):  
Alien Species ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Black Book ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Crimean Peninsula ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Crimean Peninsula

The “black list” of the Crimean flora, on the territory of two administrative units - the Republic of the Crimea and the federal city of Sevastopol, is presented. The analysis of the alien species of the Crimean flora was carried out and the most dangerous for ecosystems invasive species of higher plants were identified in accordance with the recommendations for keeping the Black Books. The data on distribution, habitats and invasive status (IS) of 70 species are summarized. Transformers are represented by 9 species with IS 1 ( Ailanthus altissima, Bupleurum fruticosum, Elaeagnus angustifolius, Fraxinus ornus, Jacobaea maritima, Opuntia engelmannii subsp. lindheimeri, O. fragilis,O. humifusa, Rhamnus alaternus ), they change the appearance of ecosystems. Nineteen alien species actively disperse and naturalize in disturbed semi-natural and natural habitats (with IS 2) and 42 species (with IS 3) are widely distributed in disturbed habitats. The peculiarity and variety of soil and climatic conditions of the peninsula contribute to the introduction of alien species, many of which are invasive only on the territory of the Republic of the Crimea and the city of Sevastopol. This article is a necessary step towards the preparation of the Black Book of the flora of the Crimean Peninsula and the basis for making decision on prevention the economic and environmental damage of the natural biodiversity of the region.

Russia’s Annexation of the Crimea and the War in the Donbas

Ukraine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serhy Yekelchyk
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Proximity ◽  
Crimean Peninsula ◽  
Conflict Zones ◽  
The North ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
The Crimean Peninsula

What shared characteristics led the Crimean Peninsula and the Donbas region to become conflict zones? These two regions are not in immediate geographic proximity to one another. The Donbas, comprising Donetsk and Luhansk provinces, is Ukraine’s easternmost region, bordering on Russia in the north...

INCREASING WATER AVAILABILITY IN THE NORTH-EASTERN CRIMEA

2020 ◽  
pp. 101-107
Author(s):  
T.A. Ivanenko ◽  
T.V. Lagunova
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Crimean Peninsula ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Eastern Crimea ◽  
Artesian Water ◽  
The Crimean Peninsula

The formation of water-deficit conditions in most of the territory of the Crimean Peninsula causes the redistribution of surface and underground runoff between regions. Available volumes of water resources in various regions of the Crimea are distributed unevenly, which requires the construction of long water supply routes. To improve water supply, a water supply System has been developed for the Eastern Crimea with artesian water from wells in the South-Eastern part of the Crimean Peninsula.

scholarly journals Sustainable And Competitive Agricultural Development Of A Water-Deficient Region (Case Of The Crimean Peninsula)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
Vladimir S. Pashtetsky ◽  
Vadim V. Khomenko ◽  
Nikolay P. Demchenko ◽  
Natalia Yu. Poliakova ◽  
Rinas V. Kashbrasiev
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Stone Fruits ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Crimean Peninsula ◽  
The North ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
The Crimean Peninsula

The transition of water-deficient regions to sustainable agricultural development requires taking into account natural, economic and social factors, and restructuring of the sectoral and territorial structure of agriculture. In the case of the Crimean Peninsula, the most important factor was the interruption of water supply through the North Crimean Canal (April 2014). Hence, there was a need to revise the possibility of growing crops in dryland conditions. It has become practically impossible to grow rice, soybean, some vegetables, potatoes, grain corn, pome and stone fruits, etc. Farmers were forced to review grain and fodder crop rotation. They stopped growing crops that required systematic irrigation. Given these realities, a special place in crop rotation should have such plants as pea, chickpea, lentil, sainfoin, etc. The studies conducted by Crimean scientists and experience in commercial production stimulated farmers to grow essential oil crops since they are among the most promising. Viticulture based on the well-developed agriculture and vine growing in favourable areas of the Republic is also promising. Some pome and stone fruits that demand less irrigation are very promising for the Crimea too. Special attention should be paid to filbert, jujube, sweet almond, hazelnut, etc. Considerable efforts should be made to develop animal husbandry. The search for water at depths of 1-1.2 kilometres should be one of the ways to solve problems in the agro-industrial complex (AIC) of the Crimea, as well as wastewater treatment and their use for irrigation purposes. All the aforementioned changes are already taking place in the AIC. But they require significant acceleration and investments in prospective economic sectors.

Macromycetes of the “Baydarsky” Nature Reserve

2020 ◽  
pp. 40-64
Author(s):  
I. S. Sarkina
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Natural Landscape ◽  
Crimean Peninsula ◽  
Annotated List ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The City ◽  
The Crimean Peninsula

The article is the first summary on the macromycetes of the “Baydarsky” State Natural Landscape Reserve. The annotated list of macromycetes of the reserve includes 201 species of macromycetes from 97 genera, 45 families, 13 orders. The species composition of families Boletaceae (26 species), Russulaceae (22), Tricholomataceae (19), Agaricaceae (15) and Amanitaceae (12), genera Lactarius (14), Amanita (11), Tricholoma (9), Russula (8), Cortinarius and Ramaria (6 species each), Agaricus and Hygrophorus (5 species each) is found out most fully completed; the number of Boletales mushrooms in the volume of Boletus s. l. is 26 species. For the registered in the reserve 9 species, this is the first find in the Crimean Peninsula, and for 45 species this is the same one in the Sevastopol region. In the Red Book of the Russian Federation included 7 species, the Red Book of the Republic of the Crimea - 14, and the Red Book of the city of Sevastopol - 16.

scholarly journals «”The Golden Age” of the Crimean Karaites»: publication of the new academic series

2020 ◽  
pp. 260-269
Author(s):  
Grigorii N. Kondratjuk ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Golden Age ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Crimean Peninsula ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Chronological Period ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The Crimean Peninsula

The review examines new publications on the history of Karaites – the monographs “Karaites in the Russian Empire in the late 18th – early 20th centuries” and the “Karaite communities: biographies, facts and documents (late 18th – early 20th centuries”. They studied a significant chronological period – from the time of the Karaites appearing in the Crimea and up to the beginning of the 20th century. A reasoned conclusion is made that the so-called “ The Golden Age” is the most tense in the history of the Karaite people – the time from the annexation of the Crimean Peninsula to the Russian Empire in 1783 and until 1917. It was during these 100 years when the significant transformations took place in the old-timers communities of the peninsula, when the ideas of Russian culture and education spread among the Crimean Karaites, and they themselves were actively integrated into Russian social structures. The monographs are equipped with a detailed historical excursion, which reveals many relevant and little-known facts from the past of the Karaites.

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