Drug Utilization Studies – An Overview

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 803-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shalini S ◽  
Ravichandran V ◽  
Saraswathi R ◽  
BK Mohanty ◽  
Dhanaraj S K
Keyword(s):  
Drug Utilization ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Medical Prescription ◽  
Drug Usage ◽  
Current State ◽  
Patterns Of Use ◽  
Drug Utilization Studies ◽  
Drug Expenditures

 Aspire of the Drug Utilization Studies (DUS) is to appraise factors related to the prescribing, dispensing, administering and taking of medication, and it’s associated. Since the middle of twentieth century, interest in DUS has been escalating, first for market-only purposes, then for appraising the quality of medical prescription and comparing patterns of use of specific drugs. The scope of DUS is to evaluate the current state and future trends of drug usage, to estimate roughly disease pervasiveness, drug expenditures, aptness of prescriptions and adherence to evidence-based recommendations. The increasing magnitude of DUS as a valuable investigation resource in pharmacoepidemiology has been bridging it with other health allied areas, such as public health, rational use of drug, evidence based drug use, pharmacovigilance, pharmacoeconomics, eco-pharmacovigilance and pharmacogenetics.

Adoption of Wearable Systems in Modern Patient Telemonitoring Systems

2010 ◽  
pp. 1004-1023
Author(s):  
Antoniadou Eleni ◽  
Ilias Maglogiannis
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensors ◽  
Wearable Computing ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Medical Practices ◽  
Current State ◽  
Wearable Systems ◽  
Electronic Measurement

The adoption of wearable systems in modern patient telemonitoring systems has been considered as a medical challenge towards the established medical practices, aiming at the highest level of quality of life. The current state-of-the-art technologies in wearable computing, wireless telemedical platforms and wireless sensors allow easy and unobtrusive electronic measurement of several vital signals and health conditions regardless the time and the place the patients need a condition monitoring. Certain major milestones to consider in the process of adopting wearable systems, besides the enabling technologies, are the affordability that depends on financial criteria, the adaptability of the overall healthcare sector to the innovative technologies and the conformance of the medical staff to the lifelong learning for vocational training. These aspects are discussed in this chapter, along with the description of the wearable systems capabilities and reference to their latest popular applications and future trends.

How Evidence-Based Reform Could Advance Education

2021 ◽  
pp. 209653112097606
Author(s):  
Robert E. Slavin ◽  
Alan C. K. Cheung ◽  
Tengteng Zhuang
Keyword(s):  
Current Evidence ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Current State ◽  
Chinese University ◽  
Johns Hopkins University ◽  
Normal University ◽  
Education In China ◽  
Chinese And English ◽  
The U.S

Purpose: This article presents a definition and rationale for evidence-based reform in education, and a discussion of the current state of evidence-based research, focusing on China, the U.S., and the U.K. Design/Approach/Methods: The article contrasts the state of educational research in the U.S., the U.K., and China, world leaders in evidence-based reform. Findings: The article suggests ways in which Chinese, U.S., U.K., and other scholars might improve the worldwide quality of evidence-based reform in education. One indicator of this partnership is an agreement among the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Nanjing Normal University, and Johns Hopkins University to work together on Chinese and English versions of the website Best Evidence in Brief and a collaboration between Johns Hopkins and the ECNU Review of Education at East China Normal University. Originality/Value: This article is the first to compare developments in evidence-based reform in education in China with parallel developments in the U.S. and U.K. Building understanding of current evidence-based policies should help all countries learn how evidence can play a greater role in education policy and benefit many students.

scholarly journals Study of drug utilization pattern in the department of radiotherapy in a tertiary care teaching hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 945
Author(s):  
Chandan N. G. ◽  
Ranganathan T. ◽  
Nagabushan H.
Keyword(s):  
Drug Utilization ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Utilization Pattern ◽  
Drug Usage ◽  
Therapeutic Practice ◽  
Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital ◽  
Care Teaching ◽  
Drug Utilization Studies

Background: Drug utilization studies are an important tool in evaluating the rationality of therapeutic practice and also it is said to improvise the therapeutic use of drugs. The present study will be undertaken to evaluate the drug utilization pattern in the department of Radiotherapy.Methods: This was a prospective, observational study that was undertaken in the department of Radiotherapy in a tertiary care teaching hospital. The study was conducted for a period of 6 months after obtaining permission from Institutional Ethical Committee. The study was conducted among cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. The data was collected from the patient case records and was analyzed as per the WHO prescribing indicators.Results: In the present study it was observed that the average number of drugs prescribed per encounter was 7.7. The drugs prescribed by generic name were 41.4%. Percentage of encounters with an antibiotic prescribed was 100. Percentage of encounters with an injection prescribed was 20.5%. Percentage of drugs prescribed from essential drugs list was 35.8%.Conclusions: Drug utilization studies helps in modifying the prescription pattern and helps in making the drug usage more rational.

Review Article: The Flagship of Evidence-Based Medicine

2021 ◽  
pp. 153473462199563
Author(s):  
Miltos K. Lazarides ◽  
Irene-Zacharo Lazaridou ◽  
Nikolaos Papanas
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Relevant Evidence ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Current State ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Based Medicine

Global literature is ever-growing and physicians rely on it for evidence-based decision making. Review articles summarize available literature and provide the current state of knowledge on a given topic. Various review types exist, the main ones being narrative and systematic reviews. The former are based on studies selected in an undefined manner. They express the authors’ opinions of a given topic, lack a systematic search, and are prone to bias. By contrast, the latter represent an unbiased synthesis of knowledge on a particular topic and attempt to offer all relevant evidence. A systematic review may include a meta-analysis, which combines the results of quantitative studies using statistical techniques to provide a more precise summary of the evidence. With a dramatic increase in literature complexity, new “next-generation” types of reviews emerged to improve the quality of evidence synthesis: network meta-analysis, umbrella review, and meta-analysis of individual patient data, among others. Finally, scoping reviews are a special type, conducted as precursors to systematic reviews aiming to reveal specific knowledge gaps in a given subject.

Adoption of Wearable Systems in Modern Patient Telemonitoring Systems

2012 ◽  
pp. 1015-1034
Author(s):  
Antoniadou Eleni ◽  
Ilias Maglogiannis
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensors ◽  
Wearable Computing ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Medical Practices ◽  
Current State ◽  
Wearable Systems ◽  
Electronic Measurement

The adoption of wearable systems in modern patient telemonitoring systems has been considered as a medical challenge towards the established medical practices, aiming at the highest level of quality of life. The current state-of-the-art technologies in wearable computing, wireless telemedical platforms and wireless sensors allow easy and unobtrusive electronic measurement of several vital signals and health conditions regardless the time and the place the patients need a condition monitoring. Certain major milestones to consider in the process of adopting wearable systems, besides the enabling technologies, are the affordability that depends on financial criteria, the adaptability of the overall healthcare sector to the innovative technologies and the conformance of the medical staff to the lifelong learning for vocational training. These aspects are discussed in this chapter, along with the description of the wearable systems capabilities and reference to their latest popular applications and future trends.

The science behind medical cannabis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloabl Rheumatology By PANLAR
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Important Change ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Medical Cannabis ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Founding Member ◽  
Current State ◽  
Patterns Of Use ◽  
Therapeutic Possibility

The use of cannabis as medicine has undergone an important change in recent years, being currently evaluated as a therapeutic possibility for various pathologies, among them, of course, rheumatic diseases. Today in Un café por la reumatología we will discuss the current state of medical cannabis, the scientific evidence concerning its use, patterns of use and clinical experience in the region. Joining Carlo Vinicio Caballero, editor-in-chief of Global Rheumatology, and Diego Jaimes, will be Dario Scublinsky, a rheumatologist internist with a doctorate in medicine, former editor of the Revista Argentina de Reumatología and currently coordinator of rheumatology at Swiss Medical; as well as Paola Cubillos, Colombian physician from Universidad del Rosario, founding member of Procannacol, focused on the evidence-based use of medical cannabis; and Dr. Jaime Jaramillo Mejía, anesthesiologist, specialist in pain and palliative care.

scholarly journals Recommendations for a doctor-patient communicating in oncology, obstetrics, gynecology and pediatrics

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. e0304126
Author(s):  
Lidia Trachuk
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Current State ◽  
Medical Diagnostic ◽  
Based Medicine

Background: The quality and effectiveness of health care is largely determined by the quality of contact between doctor and patient. Possessing communicative skills and knowledge of effective means of medical communication allows a doctor of any specialty to solve more effectively complex tasks that arise in the medical-diagnostic process.  Methods: This review is based on materials of the articles on the recommendations of evidence-based medicine concerning the communication of doctors and patients in oncology, obstetrics and gynecology and pediatrics clinics.  Results: As result, we anticipate that this review will distribute and promote knowledge about methods of evidence-based medicine for improving communication in obstetrics-gynecology, pediatrics and oncology clinics. Conclusion: The physicians’ ability to communicate effectively is the key to a successful relationship between a patient and a doctor. The current state of the health care system requires increased clinical efficacy and less time for each patient, which may impede the quality of communication between the patient and the physician. The use of a patient-centered approach, empathy, shared decision-making improves the relationship between patient and physician, the effectiveness of therapy and increased adherence to prescribed treatment in oncology, obstetrics, gynecology and pediatrics.

Misophonia: An Evidence-Based Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 685-690
Author(s):  
C. S. Vanaja ◽  
Miriam Soni Abigail
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Case History ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Management Option ◽  
Pure Tone Audiogram

Purpose Misophonia is a sound tolerance disorder condition in certain sounds that trigger intense emotional or physiological responses. While some persons may experience misophonia, a few patients suffer from misophonia. However, there is a dearth of literature on audiological assessment and management of persons with misophonia. The purpose of this report is to discuss the assessment of misophonia and highlight the management option that helped a patient with misophonia. Method A case study of a 26-year-old woman with the complaint of decreased tolerance to specific sounds affecting quality of life is reported. Audiological assessment differentiated misophonia from hyperacusis. Management included retraining counseling as well as desensitization and habituation therapy based on the principles described by P. J. Jastreboff and Jastreboff (2014). A misophonia questionnaire was administered at regular intervals to monitor the effectiveness of therapy. Results A detailed case history and audiological evaluations including pure-tone audiogram and Johnson Hyperacusis Index revealed the presence of misophonia. The patient benefitted from intervention, and the scores of the misophonia questionnaire indicated a decrease in the severity of the problem. Conclusions It is important to differentially diagnose misophonia and hyperacusis in persons with sound tolerance disorders. Retraining counseling as well as desensitization and habituation therapy can help patients who suffer from misophonia.

Coaching Teachers to Enhance the Implementation Quality of Evidence-Based Programs

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly D. Becker ◽  
Dana Darney ◽  
Celene Domitrovich ◽  
Catherine Bradshaw ◽  
Nicholas S. Ialongo
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Based ◽  
Implementation Quality ◽  
Quality Of Evidence ◽  
Evidence Based Programs

The Development of Agritourism in the Podkarpackie Voivodeship in the Light of International and National Conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 244-261
Author(s):  
Mariola Tracz ◽  
Małgorzata Bajgier-Kowalska ◽  
Radosław Uliszak
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Current State ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office ◽  
Tourism Resources ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact ◽  
District Offices ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Podkarpackie Voivodeship is one of the regions of Poland in which the number of agritourism entities is very high. Therefore tourism plays a significant role in its development strategy. The aim of the paper is to identify the current state of agritourism and the changes that have occurred in the region in the years 2000–2016. Specific objectives are to determine the distribution of agritourism farms and their offer, together with a comprehensive analysis of the environmental and socio-economic factors, as well as the impact of the Slovak-Ukrainian border. The report was developed on the statistical materials from the Polish Central Statistical Office, Podkarpackie Agricultural Advisory Centre in Boguchwała and data collected from municipalities and district offices that is published on their websites, as well as through interviews with 100 owners of agritourism farms in the Podkarpackie Voivodeship. The research has shown, on the one hand, the decline in the number of farms in the region and, on the other hand, the increase in the diversity of the tourist offer of these entities. Distribution of agritourism farms is closely linked to the attractiveness of natural environment and quality of secondary tourism resources. Traditional agritourism has not yet fully used its countryside, as well as cross-border advantages of its location.

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