scholarly journals Rye (Secale cereale L.) arabinoxylans: molecular structure, physicochemicals properties and the resulting pro-health effects

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 ◽  
pp. 19-38
Author(s):  
Wioletta Dynkowska
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Valuable Component ◽  
Daily Diet ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Long Term Studies

Arabinoxylans are an essential component of dietary fiber, and their health-promoting properties are determined mainly by the content and structural features their biopolymers. Rye bread is particularly rich in these compounds; their unique features in the context of content and chemical structure of rye arabinoxylans make it a valuable component od daily diet. Long-term studies have shown the positive effect of these compounds in the aspect of prevention of civilization diseases such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. Among the description of the physicochemical properties and diversity of arabinoxylans, the article contains a collection of the most important reports regarding the health-promoting effects of these polymers, as well as their metabolism in the human body.

scholarly journals Rye (Secale cereale L.) arabinoxylans and their health-related activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 ◽  
pp. 19-38
Author(s):  
Wioletta Dynkowska
Keyword(s):  
Structural Features ◽  
Valuable Component ◽  
Daily Diet ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Long Term Studies

Arabinoxylans are an essential component of dietary fiber, and their health-promoting properties are determined mainly by the content and structural features their biopolymers. Rye bread is particularly rich in these compounds; their unique features in the context of content and chemical structure of rye arabinoxylans make it a valuable component od daily diet. Long-term studies have shown the positive effect of these compounds in the aspect of prevention of civilization diseases such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. Among the description of the physicochemical properties and diversity of arabinoxylans, the article contains a collection of the most important reports regarding the health-promoting effects of these polymers, as well as their metabolism in the human body.

scholarly journals Empowerment in the Treatment of Diabetes and Obesity

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Włodzimierz Łuczyński ◽  
Barbara Głowińska-Olszewska ◽  
Artur Bossowski
Keyword(s):  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Based Medicine ◽  
Diabetes And Obesity ◽  
Positive Effect

As the available therapies for diabetes and obesity are not effective enough, diabetologists and educators search for new methods to collaborate with patients in order to support their health behaviors. The aim of this review is to discuss perspectives for the development of new empowerment-type therapies in the treatment of diabetes/obesity. Empowerment is a process whereby patients gain the necessary knowledge to influence their own behavior to improve the quality of their lives. It is carried out in five stages: (1) identify the problem, (2) explain the feelings and meanings, (3) build a plan, (4) act, and (5) experience and assess the execution. Although many years have passed since the advent and popularization of the concept of empowerment, the area remains controversial, mainly with regard to the methodology of therapy. Some previous studies have confirmed the positive effect of empowerment on body weight, metabolic control, and quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes; however, few studies have been conducted in patients with type 1 diabetes. There is still a need to confirm the effectiveness of empowerment in accordance with Evidence Based Medicine by performing long-term observational studies in a large group of patients. In future, empowerment may become part of the standard of care for patients with diabetes and/or obesity.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF SEEDBED TREATMENT BY THE PROTECTING PREPARATIONS AND MINERAL FERTILIZERS ON SEED QUALITY

2018 ◽  
pp. 11-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. N. Shabolkina ◽  
L. K. Neshcheret ◽  
N. V. Anisimkina ◽  
O. V. Shuvalova ◽  
M. V. Belyaeva
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Seed Disinfection ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Long Term Studies

Soil fertility decrease, economic and organizational factors reduce the valuable qualities of the varieties, and therefore the preventive measures that prevent deterioration of the variety are of great importance. Seedbed treatment, such as disinfection of seeds with the preparations that have a healing effect from various diseases, soil pests and air-thermal treatment of seeds, application of mineral fertilizers are important measures necessary for effective seed production. Long-term studies conducted on experimental and industrial plots of the Samara RIA have established that seed disinfection with the preparations of systemic action ‘ScenicCombi’, ‘Lamador KS’, ‘Ranazol Ultra KS’ is the most effective. There has been estimated the effect of spring solar heating of seeds by warm atmospheric air, promoting their awakening, exit from ‘secondary dormancy’ and germination increase. There has been noted a positive effect of the full fertilizer on the sowing and yielding qualities of the seeds. There have been determined the optimal doses of fertilizers N30P30K30, N45P45K45 for seed production of winter wheat, spring wheat and barley with the best yielding properties (on 6.2–7.4% in comparison with the control).

scholarly journals Biochemical composition of scab-immune apple fruits varieties (Malus domestica B.) as a valuable component of healthy dietary

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 01018
Author(s):  
Natalia Saveleva ◽  
Nadezhda Borzykh ◽  
Vladislav Chivilev ◽  
Andrey Yushkov ◽  
Aleksander Zemisov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malus Domestica ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Valuable Component ◽  
Apple Varieties ◽  
Apple Fruits ◽  
Long Term Studies

The article presents an analysis of the biochemical composition of apple varieties (Malus domestica B.) with immunity to scab. Domestic and foreign apple varieties are used as research objects. Variability in fruits in the content of ascorbic acid (AA), soluble solids (SDS), P-active compounds, and titratable acids was noted. The high content of AA is noted in Uspenskoe, Skala, Bylina, Flagman, Yubilyar apple varieties. Long-term studies have revealed intervarietal differences in biochemical composition and variation of this trait over the years in apples. Varieties with valuable biochemical composition and immunity to scab can be used in organic food production, as well as in further breeding work to improve the quality of fruits.

scholarly journals Targeting β-Cell Mass in Type 2 Diabetes: Promise and Limitations of New Drugs Based on Incretins

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzieh Salehi ◽  
Benedikt A. Aulinger ◽  
David A. D'Alessio
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Cell Physiology ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Improve Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Long Term Studies

Abstract Progressive insulin secretory defects, due to either functional abnormalities of the pancreatic β-cells or a reduction in β-cell mass, are the cornerstone of type 2 diabetes. Incretin-based drugs hold the potential to improve glucose tolerance by immediate favorable effect on β-cell physiology as well as by expanding or at least maintaining β-cell mass, which may delay the progression of the disease. Long-term studies in humans are needed to elaborate on these effects.

Job Insecurity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nele De Cuyper ◽  
Hans De Witte
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Job Insecurity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Scarring Effects ◽  
Long Term Studies

Job insecurity has been high on the policy and research agenda since the 1980s: there has always been cause for concern about job loss, though those causes may vary across context and time. Job insecurity is particularly prevalent among employees with a more precarious profile, in particular employees in blue-collar positions or on temporary contracts, and among employees in jobs of lower quality. Job insecurity has typically been advanced as a stressor and a cause for imbalance in the employment relationship, which has led to the hypothesis that job insecurity induces strain (e.g., poorer health and well-being), poorer attitudes vis-à-vis the job and the organization (e.g., poorer organizational commitment), and poorer performance. This hypothesis has found overall support. In addition, job insecurity also threatens one’s identity, and this has been related to more conservative social attitudes and behaviors, for example, in terms of voting intentions and behavior. Finally, job insecurity affects outcomes beyond the current job and the organization: it affects other stakeholders, for example, labor unions and families, and it has scarring effects in the long term. Studies have also attempted to identify moderators that could buffer the relationship between job insecurity and outcomes; these mostly concern personal, job, and organizational resources. Other studies have sought to explain differences between countries in terms of both structural features and cultural values.

scholarly journals Inсretin-based therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Minara Shamkhalovna Shamkhalova ◽  
Marina Vladimirovna Shestakova
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Diabetes Therapy ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Combined Impact ◽  
Late Stages ◽  
Long Term Studies

The program of renoprotection in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) is based on a conceptual model of development and progressionof diabetic kidney disease, which is the result of combined impact of genetically modulated metabolic and hemodynamic factors. Compensationof carbohydrate metabolism, which is crucial at the clinical debut of nephropathy, becomes problematic at the late stages ofchronic kidney disease (CKD). ADA (American Diabetes Association) and EASD (European Association for the Study of Diabetes)recommendations formalized in a consensus on the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) should only be extrapolated topatients with CKD with great prudence. Incretin-based drugs gain reputation as promising and perspective therapy for metabolic controlin patients with type 2 DM and CKD. There is an obvious need for large-scale, long-term studies involving patients with various severityof renal disease and related complications to assess the potential of this new diabetes therapy trend.

Long-term studies of treatments for type 2 diabetes

2016 ◽  
Vol 129 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Enrique Caballero
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Long Term Studies

scholarly journals Computed Tomographic Semiotics of Apical Vertebrae in Patients with Idiopathic Scoliosis Aged from 14 to 18 years, Depending on the Magnitude of Spinal Deformity

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-27
Author(s):  
Yu. L. Zejnalov ◽  
G. V. Diachkova ◽  
A. V. Burtsev ◽  
K. A. Diachkov ◽  
I. V. Sutyagin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Multislice Computed Tomography ◽  
Preoperative Planning ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Scoliosis Treatment ◽  
Long Term Studies

Idiopathic scoliosis, as many authors think, being idiopathic in terms of not fully clear etiology of the disease, due to the most complicated long-term studies, has a certain theory of the pathogenesis of scoliosis, which includes the disharmony of the longitudinal growth of the spine and spinal cord and the formation of vertebral torsion. The application of various versions of modern vertebral instrumentation for 20 years made it possible to develop a differentiated approach to the choice of surgical intervention, taking into account the patient’s age and the peculiarities of the deformed spine. Nevertheless, the use of current diagnostic methods indicated that not all the details of the deformed vertebral structure have been studied, in particular the apical ones, that are usually more changed being at the apex of the deformity. The application of multislice computed tomography (MSCT) and current statistical methods made it possible to reveal the structural features of the apical vertebrae in the group of adolescent scoliosis (14–18 years old), that is important for increasing the effectiveness of preoperative planning and improving the results of idiopathic scoliosis treatment being one of the most difficult problems of the spine surgery.

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