Ultrafiltration of Aqueous Solutions of Food Dye in the Presence of Surfactants

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
George Alexandru Popa ◽  
Daniela Florentina Popa (Enache) ◽  
Dumitra Daniela Slave (Clej) ◽  
Ion Din Spiridon ◽  
Cristina Monica Mirea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Sodium Octanoate ◽  
Food Dye ◽  
Cross Flow Filtration ◽  
Dead End ◽  
Food Dyes ◽  
Flow Filtration ◽  
Quinoline Yellow

The objective of the study is the low-pressure membrane process for treating aqueous solutions containing food dyes and surfactants. The influence of surfactants (SDS � sodium dedecil sulphate, SO � sodium octanoate) in the separation of synthetic food dyes (E104 � quinoline yellow) was analyzed. Polysulfone and polysulfone-polyaniline membranes were used. Dye and surfactant concentrations used were 10% (equivalent to 100g/m3). The pressures used in the ultrafiltration process were 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 MPa. When dye containing solutions were passed through the membranes, an increase in their flux was observed. The presence of surfactants in the solutions lead to a decline in flux when pressures of 0.1 and 0.2 MPa were used, but an improvement could be seen as the pressure increased to 0.3 MPa, for both dead-end and cross-flow filtration. Using only dead-end alternative, higher fluxes were achieved for both membranes, but it decreases with time due to accumulation on the membrane surface. The use of cross-flow filtration did not allow accumulation on the membrane surface so that the flux was constant in time.The use of anionic surfactants improved the food dye retention. The interactions between membranes and surfactants can be an important factor supporting the efficiency of the ultrafiltration.

scholarly journals Real time imaging of single extracellular vesicle pH regulation in a microfluidic cross-flow filtration platform

2022 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Riazanski ◽  
Gerardo Mauleon ◽  
Kilean Lucas ◽  
Samuel Walker ◽  
Adriana M. Zimnicka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ph Regulation ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Extracellular Vesicle ◽  
Nanoporous Silicon ◽  
Cross Flow Filtration ◽  
Dead End ◽  
Sodium Hydrogen Exchanger ◽  
Flow Filtration ◽  
Single Vesicle ◽  
Solution Changes

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived membranous structures carrying transmembrane proteins and luminal cargo. Their complex cargo requires pH stability in EVs while traversing diverse body fluids. We used a filtration-based platform to capture and stabilize EVs based on their size and studied their pH regulation at the single EV level. Dead-end filtration facilitated EV capture in the pores of an ultrathin (100 nm thick) and nanoporous silicon nitride (NPN) membrane within a custom microfluidic device. Immobilized EVs were rapidly exposed to test solution changes driven across the backside of the membrane using tangential flow without exposing the EVs to fluid shear forces. The epithelial sodium-hydrogen exchanger, NHE1, is a ubiquitous plasma membrane protein tasked with the maintenance of cytoplasmic pH at neutrality. We show that NHE1 identified on the membrane of EVs is functional in the maintenance of pH neutrality within single vesicles. This is the first mechanistic description of EV function on the single vesicle level.

Preparation and Characterization of Ultrafiltration TiO2 Nanoparticles-Polysulfone Membranes

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 2635-2640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Florentina Enache ◽  
George Alexandru Popa ◽  
Eugeniu Vasile ◽  
Anca Razvan ◽  
Ovidiu Oprea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Hydrodynamic Performance ◽  
Tio2 Anatase ◽  
Cross Flow Filtration ◽  
Dead End ◽  
Large Water ◽  
Flow Filtration ◽  
Polysulfone Membranes

This paper presents the preparation route for new TiO2 nanoparticles-polysulfone membranes: M1 (Psf 12%), M2 (Psf 12% + TiO2 anatase), and M3 (Psf 12% + TiO2 76% anatase+ 24% rutile) that were structurally characterized by FTIR, TG-DSC and by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDAX). Contact angle measurements, dead-end and cross-flow filtration experiments were carried out to characterize the morphology and hydrodynamic performance of the prepared membranes. Improved mechanical properties, enhanced hydrophilicity and the relative large water flux measured for M2-M3 (721.83 L/m2�h and 305.4 L/m2�h, respectively) in cross-flow filtration experiments, make these membranes appropriate for ultrafiltration applications.

scholarly journals Understanding the Role of Pattern Geometry on Nanofiltration Threshold Flux

Membranes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 445
Author(s):  
Anna Malakian ◽  
Zuo Zhou ◽  
Lucas Messick ◽  
Tara N. Spitzer ◽  
David A. Ladner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Cake Filtration ◽  
Cross Flow Filtration ◽  
Colloidal Fouling ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulations ◽  
Flow Filtration ◽  
Dynamics Simulations ◽  
The Relationship

Colloidal fouling can be mitigated by membrane surface patterning. This contribution identifies the effect of different pattern geometries on fouling behavior. Nanoscale line-and-groove patterns with different feature sizes were applied by thermal embossing on commercial nanofiltration membranes. Threshold flux values of as-received, pressed, and patterned membranes were determined using constant flux, cross-flow filtration experiments. A previously derived combined intermediate pore blocking and cake filtration model was applied to the experimental data to determine threshold flux values. The threshold fluxes of all patterned membranes were higher than the as-received and pressed membranes. The pattern fraction ratio (PFR), defined as the quotient of line width and groove width, was used to analyze the relationship between threshold flux and pattern geometry quantitatively. Experimental work combined with computational fluid dynamics simulations showed that increasing the PFR leads to higher threshold flux. As the PFR increases, the percentage of vortex-forming area within the pattern grooves increases, and vortex-induced shielding increases. This study suggests that the PFR should be higher than 1 to produce patterned membranes with maximal threshold flux values. Knowledge generated in this study can be applied to other feature types to design patterned membranes for improved control over colloidal fouling.

Numerical Simulation of Filtration of Charged Oil Particles in Stationary and Rotating Tubular Membranes

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sina Jahangiri Mamouri ◽  
Volodymyr V. Tarabara ◽  
André Bénard
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Potential ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Solid Cylinder ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Cross Flow Filtration ◽  
Flow Filtration

Cross flow filtration (CFF) is a common membrane separation process with applications in food, biochemical and petroleum industries. In particular, membranes can be used for liquid-liquid separation processes such as needed in oil-water separation. A major challenge in cross flow filtration is membrane fouling. It can decrease significantly the permeate flux and a membrane’s efficiency. Membrane fouling can be mitigated by inducing shear on the membrane’s surface and this can be enhanced by inducing a swirl in the flow. In addition, a possible approach to improve membrane efficiency consists of repelling droplets/particles from the porous surface toward the centerline using a repulsive electric force. For this purpose, the surface of the membrane can be exposed to electric potential and droplets/particles are also induced to have the same electric charge. In this work, numerical simulations of charged non-deformable droplets moving within an axially rotating charged tubular membrane are performed. The results show that by increasing the electric potential on the membrane surface, the repelling force increases which obviously improves the grade efficiency of the membrane. However, the electric field gradients found in the flow field require large potentials on the membrane surface to observe a noticeable effect. Hence, a smaller solid cylinder is located in the centerline of the flow channel with zero potential. This solid cylinder enhances the electric field gradient in the domain which results in higher repelling forces and larger grade efficiency of the membrane at small potentials. The addition of a small cylinder in the flow field also improves the grade efficiency increases due to the higher shear stress near the membrane surface.

scholarly journals Ultrafiltration Mixed Matrix Membranes Based on Mesoporous Silica (MCM-41, HMS)Embedded in Polysulfone

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 3089-3093
Author(s):  
Anca Razvan ◽  
Daniela F. Popa ◽  
Ovidiu Oprea ◽  
Eugeniu Vasile ◽  
Florina Dumitru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mesoporous Silica ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Mixed Matrix Membranes ◽  
Inversion Method ◽  
Cross Flow Filtration ◽  
Dead End ◽  
Flow Filtration ◽  
Phase Inversion Method ◽  
Mcm 41

Three composite membranes (M1-M3), with mesoporous silica (MCM-41 or HMS-C12/C16-type) embedded in polysulfone (Psf) were obtained by phase-inversion method and their performances were tested for use in ultrafiltration membrane processes. The structures of M (Psf 12%, reference membrane), M1 (Psf 12% + MCM-41), M2 (Psf 12% + HMS-C12), M3 (Psf 12% + HMS-C16) have been assessed by FTIR, TG-DSC and SEM-EDAX and the morphology and their hydrodynamic performances have been evaluated by contact angle measurements, dead-end and cross-flow filtration experiments.

scholarly journals Living biofouling-resistant membranes as a model for the beneficial use of engineered biofilms

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (20) ◽  
pp. E2802-E2811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thammajun L. Wood ◽  
Rajarshi Guha ◽  
Li Tang ◽  
Michael Geitner ◽  
Manish Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Flow ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Environmental Pollutant ◽  
Cross Flow Filtration ◽  
Membrane Biofouling ◽  
Dead End ◽  
Dispersal Agent ◽  
Microbial Film ◽  
Flow Filtration

Membrane systems are used increasingly for water treatment, recycling water from wastewater, during food processing, and energy production. They thus are a key technology to ensure water, energy, and food sustainability. However, biofouling, the build-up of microbes and their polymeric matrix, clogs these systems and reduces their efficiency. Realizing that a microbial film is inevitable, we engineered a beneficial biofilm that prevents membrane biofouling, limiting its own thickness by sensing the number of its cells that are present via a quorum-sensing circuit. The beneficial biofilm also prevents biofilm formation by deleterious bacteria by secreting nitric oxide, a general biofilm dispersal agent, as demonstrated by both short-term dead-end filtration and long-term cross-flow filtration tests. In addition, the beneficial biofilm was engineered to produce an epoxide hydrolase so that it efficiently removes the environmental pollutant epichlorohydrin. Thus, we have created a living biofouling-resistant membrane system that simultaneously reduces biofouling and provides a platform for biodegradation of persistent organic pollutants.

Evaluation of Virus Removal in Membrane Separation Processes Using Coliphage Qβ

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taro Urase ◽  
Kazuo Yamamoto ◽  
Shinichiro Ohgaki
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Separation ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Separation Processes ◽  
Surface Deposit ◽  
Virus Removal ◽  
Cross Flow Filtration ◽  
Flow Filtration

Virus removal in membrane separation processes was investigated by employing coliphage Qβ as a tracer. Several types of microfiltration membrane and ultrafiltration membrane were tested. Two types of filtration experiments were carried out; dead-end filtration and cross-flow filtration. The membrane surface deposits played an important role in the rejection of viruses in the filtration of activated sludge and pond-water, whereas acrylate polymer cake did not affect the rejection of Qβ. The leakage of ultrafiltration membranes was well examined by the high concentration of Qβ applied. The major part of the rejected coliphages were adsorbed onto the membrane and in its surface deposit.

scholarly journals Ultrafiltration of Aqueous Solutions of Food Dye Using Polymeric Membranes Prepared with Surfactants

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 726-730
Author(s):  
George Alexandru Popa ◽  
Daniela Florentina Enache (Popa) ◽  
Szidonia Katalin Tanczos ◽  
Adrian Ciocanea
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Polymeric Membranes ◽  
Membrane Process ◽  
Food Dye ◽  
Dodecylpyridinium Chloride ◽  
Dead End ◽  
Quinoline Yellow ◽  
Low Pressures ◽  
Ultrafiltration Process

The objective of the study is the low-pressure membrane process for treating aqueous solutions containing synthetic food dye (E104 - quinoline yellow). Dye concentration used was 10% (equivalent to 100g/m3). The pressures used in the ultrafiltration process were 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 MPa. Experiments were performed in dead - end instalations in which the effectiveness of the polysulfone - alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride (PSU-ABDMA) and polysulfone - N-dodecylpyridinium chloride (PSU - NDPCl) were tested. The efficiency of these membranes has been proved by calculating the permeate flow and the retention. Analyzing the experimental data, it was found that for the polysulfone-alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride composite membrane the degree of retention is completely different, with high values being obtained for low pressures and low values for high pressures used.

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