Effect of Alkaline Concentrations on the Synthesis of Volcanic Soil-Based Zeolite for Methylene Blue Removal by Fenton-Like Oxidation Process

This study demonstrates the potential use of volcanic ash soil (VAS) as raw materials for preparing zeolite without adding any templates or seeds. Here we investigated the effect of alkaline concentrations on the synthesis of VAS-based zeolite and enhanced its ability for methylene blue (MB) removal by Fenton-like process. Zeolite materials were directly synthesized by mixing the amount of VAS within alkaline concentrations of 0.5 (P1), 1.5 (P2), and 3.0 mol/L (P3), respectively, followed by a simple hydrothermal procedure at 100 oC for 24 h. The prepared sample characteristics were obtained from the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, which confirmed the formation of zeolite A and some mineral phases in P2 and P3 samples. The mentioned samples reached equilibrium state at MB concentration of 200 mg/L with high adsorption capacity values compared to VAS. The adsorption showed a better fit to the Langmuir isotherm model (R2]0.99), in which the maximum uptake capacities were found to be 24.03 mg/g for P2 and 14.30 mg/g for P3. Interestingly, the percentage of MB removal using P2 and P3 increased greatly from 52.81% and 32.26% to 98.92% and 98.85% by Fenton-like process, respectively.

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Potential Use of Green Synthesized Al2O3 (Alumina) Nanoparticles from Guava Leaves (Psidium guajava) for the Removal of Methylene Blue from Wastewater

Asian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.14233/ajchem.2021.23144 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 33 (6) ◽

pp. 1304-1308

Author(s):

Debasish Mondal ◽

Dipankar Mahata ◽

Kamala Mandy Hansda ◽

Sourav Mondal ◽

Ajit Das

Keyword(s):

Methylene Blue ◽

Low Cost ◽

Xrd Analysis ◽

Psidium Guajava ◽

Alumina Nanoparticles ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Guava Leaves ◽

Al2o3 Nps ◽

Potential Use ◽

Significant Attention

Recently non-harmful nanomaterials have acquired critical significant attention in wastewater treatment containing organic pollutants especially toxic and hazardous dyes. In this regard, a low cost and eco friendly method has been investigated for the green synthesis of alumina nanoparticles (Al2O3 NPs). The alumina nanoparticles were synthesized using an aqueous extract of Psidium guajava leaf as a potential stabilizing agent. The UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) techniques were used to characterize the synthesized nanoparticles. The absorption at 281 nm confirmed the formation of alumina nanoparticles. The FTIR spectra and XRD analysis confirmed the presence of various functional groups and crystalline structures of Al2O3 NPs during the synthesis. The spectrum clearly indicates the organic moieties in Psidium guajava extract are responsible for the biosynthesis of Al2O3 NPs. The suface morphology of Al2O3 NPs was confirmed by SEM and EDS studies. Besides this, the removal of methylene blue through adsorption and kinetic study was also reported.

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Synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of ZrSiO4/Fe2O3 adsorbent for methylene blue removal in aqueous solutions

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/882/1/012019 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 882 (1) ◽

pp. 012019

Author(s):

T Yuliana ◽

N Nurlitasari ◽

A Hardian ◽

S Budiman ◽

Jasmansyah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Methylene Blue ◽

Xrd Analysis ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Order Model ◽

Textile Waste ◽

X Ray ◽

Isotherm Adsorption ◽

Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽

Pseudo Second Order ◽

Zircon Sand

Abstract Methylene blue dyes are widely used in textile, batik, plastic, paper, and many other industries. The remain of methylene blue dyes in the textile waste is hazardous for health and the environment. Therefore, it takes effort to deal with it. One of the efforts is the process of adsorption using adsorbents. In this study, the adsorbent ZrSiO4/Fe2O3 was synthesized using the coprecipitation method using NaOH as precipitant. Either ZrSiO4 or Fe2O3 was synthesized from Indonesia mineral local zircon sand and jarosites, respectively. The composites of ZrSiO4/Fe2O3 were prepared in %mole variation, which is 75:25; 50:50; and 25:75. All obtained composites were then characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The XRD analysis showed that the crystal structure formed was tetragonal for ZrSiO4 and hexagonal for Fe2O3 (also known as α-Fe2O3). Evaluation toward isotherm adsorption and kinetic adsorption showed that the adsorption of MB using ZrSiO4/Fe2O3 follows the Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo-second-order model, respectively.

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Polyurethane Composite Foams Synthesized Using Bio-Polyols and Cellulose Filler

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14133474 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (13) ◽

pp. 3474

Author(s):

Katarzyna Uram ◽

Milena Leszczyńska ◽

Aleksander Prociak ◽

Anna Czajka ◽

Michał Gloc ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cross Sections ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Polyurethane Foams ◽

Degree Of Crystallinity ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Polyurethane Composite ◽

Composite Foams ◽

Closed Cell ◽

Ft Ir ◽

The Fourier Transform

Rigid polyurethane foams were obtained using two types of renewable raw materials: bio-polyols and a cellulose filler (ARBOCEL® P 4000 X, JRS Rettenmaier, Rosenberg, Germany). A polyurethane system containing 40 wt.% of rapeseed oil-based polyols was modified with the cellulose filler in amounts of 1, 2, and 3 php (per hundred polyols). The cellulose was incorporated into the polyol premix as filler dispersion in a petrochemical polyol made using calenders. The cellulose filler was examined in terms of the degree of crystallinity using the powder X-ray diffraction PXRD -and the presence of bonds by means of the fourier transform infrared spectroscopy FT-IR. It was found that the addition of the cellulose filler increased the number of cells in the foams in both cross-sections—parallel and perpendicular to the direction of the foam growth—while reducing the sizes of those cells. Additionally, the foams had closed cell contents of more than 90% and initial thermal conductivity coefficients of 24.8 mW/m∙K. The insulation materials were dimensionally stable, especially at temperatures close to 0 °C, which qualifies them for use as insulation at low temperatures.

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Ostrich eggshell as calcium source for the synthesis of hydroxyapatite and hydroxyapatite partially substituted with zinc

Cerâmica ◽

10.1590/0366-69132016623642002 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 62 (364) ◽

pp. 386-391 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. R. M. Ferreira ◽

L. H. L. Louro ◽

A. M. Costa ◽

J. B. de Campos ◽

M. H. Prado da Silva

Keyword(s):

Xrd Analysis ◽

Quantitative Chemical Analysis ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Spectroscopy Technique ◽

X Ray ◽

Heat Treated ◽

Before And After ◽

Calcium Source ◽

The Fourier Transform ◽

Ostrich Eggshell

Abstract In the present study, hydroxyapatite and Zn-substituted hydroxyapatite powders were synthesized using ostrich eggshell as a calcium source. The samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy with field emission gun, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to identify the present phases, and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy for quantitative chemical analysis of the synthesized and heat treated powders. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy technique was used before and after heat treatments at 700, 900 and 1100 °C in order to identify the functional groups present, as an additional technique to the XRD analysis. The results presented in this study represent a promising method for synthesis of hydroxyapatite and hydroxyapatite partially substituted with zinc, since the results showed no undesirable phases or impurities in the produced powders. It was observed that Zn-substituted hydroxyapatite showed higher thermal stability, when compared to pure hydroxyapatite.

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Effect of pH on the Properties of BiVO4 by Hydrothermal Synthesis Method

Solid State Phenomena ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.281.813 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 281 ◽

pp. 813-818 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xin Liu ◽

Jia Ke Li

Keyword(s):

Methylene Blue ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Synthesis Method ◽

Precursor Solution ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Synthetic Sample ◽

Photocatalytic Ability ◽

Synthetic Product ◽

Strong Adsorption ◽

Blue Solution

Bismuth vanadate (BiVO4 ) powders were synthesized using Bi (NO3)3.5H2O and NH4VO3 as raw materials, NaOH and HNO3 for pH adjustment. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction ( XRD ), scanning electron microscopy (SEM ) and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra techniques. The results show that the pH of precursor solution has great effect on the composition and morphology of products. Synthetic product was BiVO4 with two kinds of crystal shape ( monoclinic and tetragonal ) with pH of 3; synthetic product was pure monoclinic phase BiVO4 when the pH is between 5-9. Whereas, V2O5 and Bi2O3 appeared when the pH was 11; synthetic product was a mixture of V2O5 and Bi2O3 with pH of 13, and BiVO4 don’t exist. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated by the degradation of methylene blue solution. It is shown that the synthetic sample has the best photocatalytic ability with pH of 5. The degradation of methylene blue reaches 84.7% when irradiated for 240 min by high pressure mercury lamp, and the sample synthesized at 13 for pH has strong adsorption capacity and poor photocatalytic ability.

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LiMn2O4 Powders Prepared by Solution Combustion Synthesis in Ethanol and Water Systems

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.160-162.554 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 160-162 ◽

pp. 554-557

Author(s):

Gui Yang Liu ◽

Jun Ming Guo ◽

Yan Nan Li ◽

Bao Sen Wang

Keyword(s):

Electrochemical Performance ◽

Combustion Synthesis ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Solution Combustion Synthesis ◽

Xrd Analysis ◽

Manganese Acetate ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Solution Combustion ◽

Voltage Range ◽

Ethanol System

Spinel LiMn2O4 powders have been prepared at 500 for 5h by solution combustion synthesis in water or ethanol system, using lithium and manganese acetate as raw materials and no fuels. The structure and morphology of the products have been analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The electrochemical performance has been charged or discharged in coin-type battery. XRD analysis indicates that the purity and crystallinity of the product prepared in ethanol are much better than these of the product prepared in water. SEM investigation indicates that the particles of the product prepared in ethanol are smaller and more dispersed than these of the products prepared in water. The product prepared in ethanol also exhibits better electrochemical performance than that of the product prepared in water. The initial discharge capacity of the product prepared in ethanol is 120mAh/g, and remains 110mAh/g after 20 cycles, at a current density of 50mA/g and in the voltage range of 3.2-4.35V.

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Alginate-iron modified zeolite beads biocomposite for removal of azo dye from water medium

MRS Advances ◽

10.1557/adv.2018.642 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (63) ◽

pp. 3769-3773 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Samantha Ortega-Aguirre ◽

María del Carmen Díaz-Nava ◽

Marcos J. Solache-Ríos ◽

Javier Illescas

Keyword(s):

Polymer Matrix ◽

Water Medium ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Removal Capacity ◽

Zeolitic Material ◽

Innovative Materials ◽

Ftir Technique ◽

The Fourier Transform ◽

Zeolite Composite ◽

Potential Use

ABSTRACTOrganic compounds such as azo dyes have been detected in wastewater due to their use in industries without regulation. Conventional wastewater treatments are not always effective in the removal of these pollutants. Among the innovative materials that deal with this problem, are the polymer-zeolitic composites used as adsorbents. Modified natural zeolites have been proven to be efficient for the removal of yellow 6; on the other hand, biopolymers such as alginate offer their potential use as a polymer matrix for the synthesis of biocomposites. In this study, the adsorbent properties of a ferric zeolite and an alginate-ferric zeolite composite were determined for the removal of yellow 6 dye from aqueous solutions. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) results of both natural and modified zeolites indicated the presence of clinoptilolite. The characteristic bands of these materials were identified through the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) technique. Moreover, the presence of iron in the ferrous zeolite was verified by elemental analysis (EDS). Adsorption tests showed that the composite has a lower removal capacity than the zeolitic material; however, in the case of water treatment systems, the composite would be easier to handle than the zeolite without supporting it in a polymer matrix.

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Preparation and Properties Study on the Composites of Polypropylene and Polyphenylene Sulfide Filled by Modified Molybdenum Disulfide

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.87-88.345 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 87-88 ◽

pp. 345-350

Author(s):

Jian Qiang Zhang ◽

Hui Xia Feng ◽

Jian Hui Qiu

Keyword(s):

Surface Modification ◽

Molybdenum Disulfide ◽

Xrd Analysis ◽

Sem Analysis ◽

Polyphenylene Sulfide ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Infrared Spectrometer ◽

Ft Ir ◽

The Fourier Transform ◽

Wear Modes

The wet surface modification process were used in this work to get the well lipophilic molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) powders and the modified MoS2 were filled into the polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) and polypropylene (PP) powders with different proportions to make polymeric based composites through hot-press molding equipment. The Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) analysis showed that the modification agents of stearic acid (SA), orγ-Methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane(KH570 or A-174), could react with the adsorption hydroxyl(−OH) of the MoS2 powders and finally form chemical coatings, the SA could form a layer of physics wrap too. The powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis reveled that the SA or KH570 could not change the laminated structure of MoS2. The wearability testing showed that the composites filled by modified MoS2 owned the better wearable performances than the filled not one. From minimum to maximum, the wear mass rates of SA/MoS2/PP/PPS, KH570/MoS2/PP/PPS, PP/PPS were 0.7216, 5.4187 and 7.3198 percent in turns. Scanning electronic microscope (SEM) analysis showed the surface modification could uniformize the modified MoS2 to disperse in the polymeric based composites, and also reflect the abrasion mechanism which the particles and the adhering wear modes could all make the mass loss of the testing samples and they coexisted and could transform each other, the former would produce higher loss rates than the later and their leader status would gradually change from the particles wear to the adhering wear during the course of wearing-resisting tests.

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Preparation and Microstructure of Bauxite Ceramic Microsphere

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.336-338.1124 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 336-338 ◽

pp. 1124-1126

Author(s):

Xiao Su Cheng ◽

Ling Ke Zeng ◽

Xiu Yan Li ◽

Wen Yan Sheng ◽

An Ze Shui ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Raw Materials ◽

Xrd Analysis ◽

Al2o3 Content ◽

Molar Ratio ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Main Crystalline Phase ◽

Ceramic Microsphere ◽

Α Al2o3 ◽

Chinese Bauxite

In this paper, microspheres were prepared by using Chinese bauxite as raw materials through centrifugal spray drying method. The microstructure and composition of ceramic microsphere were investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and X-ray energy spectrum. The particle size was 10~100#m. The XRD analysis reveals that the main crystalline phase of the ceramic microsphere were α-Al2O3 and mullite (3Al2O3•2SiO2). The Al2O3 content (chemical composition) of the microspheres was little more than 70%, and the molar ratio of Al2O3/SiO2 was near to the molar ratio of alumina and silica of mullite.

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Occurrences of kaolin in Koutaba (west Cameroon): Mineralogical and physicochemical characterization for use in ceramic products

Clay Minerals ◽

10.1180/claymin.2015.050.5.04 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 50 (5) ◽

pp. 593-606 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

A. Nkalih Mefire ◽

A. Njoya ◽

R. Yongue Fouateu ◽

J.R. Mache ◽

N.A. Tapon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Physicochemical Characterization ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Ball Clays ◽

Potential Use ◽

Representative Samples

AbstractThirty clay samples collected from three hills in Koutaba (west Cameroon) were characterized in order to evaluate their potential use as raw materials for ceramics. After preliminary mineralogical identification by X-ray diffraction, three representative samples from the three different hills, referred to hereafter as K1M, K2M and K3M, were selected for further investigation by X-ray fluorescence, plasticity, granularity and thermogravimetric analysis. The main clay minerals are kaolinite (32–51%) and illite (up to 12%). Additional major phases are quartz (32–52%), goethite (6–7%) and feldspars (0–4%). The chemical composition showed variable amounts of SiO2(60–72%), Al2O3(15–20%) and Fe2O3(1–9%), in accordance with the quartz abundance in all of the samples studied. The particle-size distribution showed a large proportion of silty fraction (64–88%) with moderate sandy (9–19%) and clayey fractions ( < 5% for K2M, 12% for K1M and 20% for K3M). All of the clays showed moderate plasticity-index values (8–11%). Because of these characteristics, K1M and K3M may be suitable for use in common bricks and hollow ceramic products. Sieving or the addition of ball clays is recommended to increase the plasticity of sample K2M for use in common bricks.

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