scholarly journals Assessment of Trace Metal Contents of Indigenous and Improved Pastures and Their Implications for Livestock in Terms of Seasonal Variations

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (7) ◽  
pp. 347-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mian Jahanzaib Rasheed ◽  
Kafeel Ahmad ◽  
Zafar Iqbal Khan ◽  
Shahzadi Mahpara ◽  
Tasneem Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Seasonal Effects ◽  
Spring Season ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
The Mean ◽  
In Blood Plasma

The research was aimed to determine seasonal effects on trace metals levels in soil, forages and blood plasma of animals. The mean cadmium, chromium and copper values in soil samples in different sampling seasons were ranged from 6.97 to 4.10, 0.060 to 0.72 and 3.54to 4.08 mg/kg, respectively, while, in forage samples were between 0.671-0.697, 1.57-2.22 and 6.75-7.06 mg/kg, respectively. Higher Cd, Cr and Cu concentrations were observed in blood plasma of young buffaloes during summer season, in dry buffaloes during spring season and in young buffaloes during autumn season, while lower Cd, Cr and Cu contents were noticed in blood plasma of lactating buffaloes in summer season. The highest bio-concentration factor value from soil to forage was determined for Cr while from forage to blood plasma of buffaloes was detected for Cd. The Cd, Cr and Cu correlation of soil with blood plasma were positive for all samples.

Trace Metals in Water, Sediment and Biota from Ikpukulu-Ama Creek Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent-Akpu Ijeoma Favour ◽  
Okoseimiema Ibifubara Joshua
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Permissible Levels ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Rivers State

The concentrations of trace metals; Lead (Pb), Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn) and Cadmium (Cd) were determined in water, sediment and biota (Fish and plankton) from Ikpukulu-ama creek in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. The metals were analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrphotometer (AAS 500). Concentrations of metals in water were in the order of Cd<Cu<Pb<Zn<Fe, in sediments Cd<Cu<Pb<Zn<Fe, in fish Cd<Cu<Pb<Zn<Fe while in plankton the order of concentration were Cd=Pb<Cu<Zn<Fe. The mean concentrations of metals in surface water (mg/L) were 5.2, 0.83, 0.03, 0.46, and 0.01 for Fe, Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd respectively, in sediments (mg/g) the values were 16.0, 0.65, 0.09, 0.32, and 0.01 for the same metals. The mean concentrations of metals in fish (mg/g) were Fe (2.96), Zn (1.87), Cu (0.03), Pb (0.08) and Cd (<0.001), while for plankton (mg/L) were Fe (13.2), Zn (2.09), Cu (0.06), Pb (<0.001) and Cd (<0.001). The pollution index in the sediment was low. Trace metal concentrations in water, sediment and biota were below the maximum permissible levels recommended by National standard, but aquatic environment should be monitored regularly to avoid excess intake of metal into the water body.

scholarly journals Aluminum, Iron, Lead, Cadmium, Copper, Zinc, Chromium, Magnesium, Strontium, and Calcium Content in Bone of End-Stage Renal Failure Patients

1999 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 1548-1556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick C D’Haese ◽  
Marie-Madeleine Couttenye ◽  
Ludwig V Lamberts ◽  
Monique M Elseviers ◽  
William G Goodman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Renal Osteodystrophy ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
End Stage Renal Failure ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Bone Biopsies ◽  
End Stage

Abstract Background: Little is known about trace metal alterations in the bones of dialysis patients or whether particular types of renal osteodystrophy are associated with either increased or decreased skeletal concentrations of trace elements. Because these patients are at risk for alterations of trace elements as well as for morbidity from skeletal disorders, we measured trace elements in bone of patients with end-stage renal disease. Methods: We analyzed bone biopsies of 100 end-stage renal failure patients enrolled in a hemodialysis program. The trace metal contents of bone biopsies with histological features of either osteomalacia, adynamic bone disease, mixed lesion, normal histology, or hyperparathyroidism were compared with each other and with the trace metal contents of bone of subjects with normal renal function. Trace metals were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry. Results: The concentrations of aluminum, chromium, and cadmium were increased in bone of end-stage renal failure patients. Comparing the trace metal/calcium ratio, significantly higher values were found for the bone chromium/calcium, aluminum/calcium, zinc/calcium, magnesium/calcium, and strontium/calcium ratios. Among types of renal osteodystrophy, increased bone aluminum, lead, and strontium concentrations and strontium/calcium and aluminum/calcium ratios were found in dialysis patients with osteomalacia vs the other types of renal osteodystrophy considered as one group. Moreover, the concentrations of several trace elements in bone were significantly correlated with each other. Bone aluminum was correlated with the time on dialysis, whereas bone iron, aluminum, magnesium, and strontium tended to be associated with patient age. Bone trace metal concentrations did not depend on vitamin D intake nor on the patients’ gender. Conclusions: The concentration of several trace elements in bone of end-stage renal failure patients is disturbed, and some of the trace metals under study might share pathways of absorption, distribution, and accumulation. The clinical significance of the increased/decreased concentrations of several trace elements other than aluminum in bone of dialysis patients deserves further investigation.

scholarly journals Trace Metals Contamination in Bread Ingredients and Bread from Bakeries in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-37
Author(s):  
V. O. E. Akpambang ◽  
A. P. Onifade
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
Regular Consumption ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Wheat Flours ◽  
Toxic Trace Metals ◽  
Range Of Values

Bread loaves and bread ingredients (wheat flours, salt, sugar, yeast and water) were randomly sampled from ten bakeries within Akure metropolis of south western Nigeria and analysed to determine their safety levels for human consumption with respect to trace metal contents. The trace metals (Cu, Zn, Mn, Cr, Cd and Pb) were analysed in the samples using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results obtained revealed that toxic trace metals such as Cr, Cd and Pb were not detected in any of the samples. However, the levels of essential trace metals such as Cu, Zn and Mn had range of values in mg/kg: (0.039 – 0.091), (0.837 – 3.310) and (0.035 – 3.148); (0.056 – 0.091), (0.034 – 2.755) and (0.054 – 1.054) in the wheat flours and bread samples analysed respectively. This study revealed that the bread ingredients and loaves of bread sampled contained essential trace metals at levels that could not threaten the health of consumers over prolonged regular consumption.

PLASMA LEVELS OF ESTRONE SULFATE, ESTRONE AND ESTRADIOL-17β IN THE COW AROUND PARTURITION

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. P. W. TSANG ◽  
A. J. HACKETT ◽  
E. M. TURNER Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Estrone Sulfate ◽  
Individual Variations ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Estradiol 17Β ◽  
In Blood Plasma

Estrone sulfate, estrone, and estradiol-17β have been assayed in blood plasma taken from the mammary vein of five pregnant cows before and after parturition. While there were considerable individual variations, the mean plasma levels of estrone sulfate (13.4 ng/ml), estrone (1 ng/ml) and estradiol-17β (1 ng/ml) remained fairly constant over the period of blood collection prior to parturition (−88 h to −2 h). The levels of all three estrogens dropped rapidly within 8 h postpartum. It is concluded that estrone sulfate, rather than estrone, is the predominant plasma estrogen in late pregnancy in the cow.

scholarly journals Monitoring of seasonal variation of some trace metals concentration in surface water collected from the coastal area of Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-80
Author(s):  
M Raknuzzaman ◽  
MH Al Mamun ◽  
MK Ahmed ◽  
M Tokumura ◽  
S Masunaga
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Anthropogenic Inputs ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Sundarbans

This study was conducted to determine the seasonal variation of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd and Pb concentrations in water from four coastal sites of Bangladesh. The mean concentrations of trace metals in the water samples in the range of each elements were Cr (2.6−15.3), Ni (5.1−77.5), Cu (10.2−510), Zn (5.0-1390), As (2.1−13.3), Cd (0.006−0.09), Pb (0.4−109 μg/l) in summer and Cr (3.6−43.7), Ni (10.8−42.4), Cu (7.3−45.2), Zn (18.0-73.9), As (4.0−19.7), Cd (0.025−0.087), Pb (2.8−34.8 μg/l) in winter. The mean concentrations of the metals in water followed a decreasing order of Zn > Cu > Pb > Ni > Cr > As > Cd in the summer and Zn > Ni > Cr > Cu >Pb > As > Cd in the winter. The water of Cox’s Bazar hatchery site showed the highest levels of Zn (1390), Cu (510) and Pb (109 μg/l) in summer while As (19.7 μg/l) showed highest in Cox’s Bazar Bakkhali estuary in the winter samples. The elevated level of Ni (77.5 μg/L) in the summer and Cr (43.7 μg/l) in the winter water samples were also found in the Sundarbans site. The mean concentrations of all estimated trace metals were higher in the winter than in the summer season. It was both in the Chittagong port and Meghna estuary. For the Meghna estuary, the highest concentration of Zn (36.0 μg/l) was observed in the water sample of winter season. Some trace metals exceeded the international quality guidelines. Suspended solid, temperature, rainfall, anthropogenic inputs and geomorphologic setup are influenced by seasonal vagaries which alter the variation of metal distribution. J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2018, 4(2): 67-80

scholarly journals Distribution and Health Risk Assessment of Trace Metals in Soils in the Golden Triangle of Southern Fujian Province, China

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sha Huang ◽  
Guofan Shao ◽  
Luyan Wang ◽  
Lin Wang ◽  
Lina Tang
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Fujian Province ◽  
Golden Triangle ◽  
The Mean

In recent years, intensified industrialization and rapid urbanization have accelerated the accumulation of trace metals in topsoils of the Golden Triangle of Southern Fujian Province in China. Trace metals can cause adverse impacts on ecosystems and human health. In order to assess the ecological and human health risks of trace metals in the Golden Triangle region and to determine the distribution and degree of pollution of trace metals, 456 soil samples were collected from 28 districts. The concentrations of six metals (As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) were analyzed to assess ecological risk using the geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and the potential ecological risk index (RI). The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) model was applied to calculate health risk. The average soil concentrations of the six elements are ranked as follows: As < Ni < Cu < Cr < Pb < Zn. Inverse distance weighting (IDW) interpolation maps showed that Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn are enriched in the soils of developed areas, while As and Pb are enriched in the soils of undeveloped areas. The Igeo showed that the levels of metals in most soil samples are below polluting levels. Similarly, RI values indicated that trace metals pose low potential ecological risk in the region’s soils. The Hazard Quotient (HQ) ranked the mean total noncarcinogenic risk of the six metals, for both children and adults, as follows: As > Pb > Cr > Ni > Cu >Zn. The mean carcinogenic risk (CR) of the metals in the region’s soils are ranked as follows: Cr > As > Ni. The Hazard Index (HI) values indicated that 3.7% of soils contained unsafe levels of toxic metals for children and total carcinogenic risk (TCR) values indicated that 23.3% of soils contained unsafe levels, indicating that children are facing both noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risks from trace metals. Principal component analysis (PCA) and matrix cluster analysis were used to identify pollution sources and classified trace metals and soil samples into two and five groups, respectively. The five groups represented the effects of different land use types, including agricultural area, residential and public area, industrial area, forest, and industrial area and roadside, based on the contents of trace metals in soils. Industrial, agricultural and traffic activities attribute to the enrichment of Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in the region’s soils. Moreover, the accumulation of As and Pb are also attributed to atmospheric deposition. These results can contribute to a better understanding of pollution, ecological risks, and human health risks from trace metals on large regional scales like the Golden Triangle of Southern Fujian Province.

scholarly journals Atrial Natriuretic Peptide and Renal Haemodynamics in Newborn Calves

2006 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Dratwa
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Plasma Flow ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Postnatal Life ◽  
The Mean ◽  
In Blood Plasma

The study was aimed to provide information on the dynamics of changes in the concentration of ANP in blood plasma of calves during the first seven days of their life and to find any association between blood plasma ANP concentration and effective renal blood (ERBF) and plasma flow (ERPF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The experiment was carried out on 10 clinically healthy Black and White calves during the first seven days of postnatal life. The concentration of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in blood plasma was determined with radioimmunoassay. The kidney function was assessed by clearance methods, using para-aminohippuric acid and inulin. The blood plasma ANP concentration increased with age. On the first day the mean concentration of ANP was 5.72 ± 1.34 pmol/l, on the 7th day it was 14.34 ± 2.09 pmol/l. The ERBF and ERPF during the first week of life showed variations, mean ERBF ranging within 280.22 ± 10.30 ml/min/m2 (1st day) and 338.25 ± 13.72 ml/min/m2 (7th day) and ERPF ranging between 179.77 ± 8.27 ml/min/m2 (1st day) and 245.22 ± 9.86 ml/min/m2 (7th day). The mean GFR on the first day was 35.68 ± 2.10 ml/min/m2 and significantly (p < 0.01) increased on the second day 49.97 ± 1.76 ml/min/m2, subsequently GFR remained on a stabile level average 51.06 ml/min/m2. The studies showed no correlations between plasma ANP concentration and ERPF (ERBF) and GFR. These data indicate that in calves during the first seven days of postnatal life endogenous ANP did not change the effective renal blood (plasma) flow and glomerular filtration rate.

Trace metal contents in male, non-ovigerous and ovigerous females, and the egg sacs of the marine copepod, Euchaeta concinna Dana, 1849 (Copepoda, Euchaetidae), collected from the southern East China Sea

Crustaceana ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 86 (11) ◽  
pp. 1410-1424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shih-Hui Hsiao ◽  
Tien-Hsi Fang
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
East China Sea ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
East China ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Trace Metal Content ◽  
Southern East China Sea ◽  
Marine Copepods

Marine copepods have a great ability to accumulate trace metals from seawater. The trace metal content in marine copepods may vary both intra- and inter-specifically. However, the known specific trace metal content of the copepod sexes and according to the ovigerous status of the females is very limited. Copepod samples of Euchaeta concinna Dana, 1849, were collected from the southern East China Sea and separated into four groups: males; non-ovigerous females; ovigerous females without egg sacs, and egg sacs, in order to analyse the trace metal contents (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) in these samples. These trace metal contents were found to range between 0.04 and 195.7 μg/g. Zinc, Fe, and Cu were the major components among the trace metals studied and their concentrations generally exceeded 10 μg/g. The trace metal contents in the copepod body generally exceeded the amount in the egg sacs. However, the Cr concentration in the egg sacs was much higher than that in the copepod body, either male or female, and the value ranked as second just behind Zn among the metals studied. The nickel content was also slightly higher in the egg sacs. This study provides the important finding that E. concinna egg sacs contained Cr concentrations out of all proportions to that of the copepod body. Yet, why E. concinna egg sacs contain relatively higher Cr concentrations than the body remains a question to be answered.

scholarly journals Bioaccumulated trace metal profiles of Tympanotonus fuscatus, Periophthalmus barbarous and Guinearma (Sesarma) alberti collected from a perturbed freshwater mangrove swamp in Warri, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-444
Author(s):  
O. Odigie ◽  
J.O. Olomukoro
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
West African ◽  
Ecological Effects ◽  
Wetland Area ◽  
Mangrove Swamp ◽  
Affected Area ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Different Levels

Bio –concentrated levels of trace metals; Fe, Zn, Cu, Cd and Pb in three (3) freshwater mangrove fauna; Tympanotonus fuscatus (periwinkle), Periophthalmus barbarous (mudskipper) and Guinearma (Sesarma) alberti (West African Sesarmid Crab) was investigated utilizng atomic absorbance spectrophotometery. Faunal sampling was conducted at five (5) sites in the Falcorp wetland area of Warri, Delta State, once monthly for an eighteen (18) month period. Maximal mean Fe and Zn values; 349.7 9 µg/g, dried wt ±15.64 and 16.92 µg/g, dried wt ±1.65 were recorded for the respective mudskipper and crab samples while minimal mean Fe and Zn values; 124.14 µg/g, dried wt ±7.85 and 7.71 µg/g, dried wt ± 0.96 were documented for the digested periwinkle tissues. The differences in the mean Fe, Zn, Cu and Cd values was siginificantly different at different levels (P<0.001, P <0.01 and P<0.05). The detection of significant  bioconcentration of these metals especially Cd, is a possible indication of the wide reaching deletrious ecological effects of  anthropogenic activities in the affected area. Keywords: Falcorp mangrove swamp, Bioaccumulation, Trace metal, benthic bio-indicator

ESTIMATION OF ABOVE GROUND BIOMASS OF THE THREE SITES (GRAZED SITE, PROTECTED SITE AND SEED SOWN SITE) FOR COMPARING THEIR PRODUCTIVITY IN KASHMIR VALLEY

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
AFSHAN ANJUM BABA ◽  
SYED NASEEM UL-ZAFAR GEELANI ◽  
ISHRAT SALEEM ◽  
MOHIT HUSAIN ◽  
PERVEZ AHMAD KHAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Spring Season ◽  
Kashmir Valley ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Protected Site

The plant biomass for protected areas was maximum in summer (1221.56 g/m2) and minimum in winter (290.62 g/m2) as against grazed areas having maximum value 590.81 g/m2 in autumn and minimum 183.75 g/m2 in winter. Study revealed that at Protected site (Kanidajan) the above ground biomass ranged was from a minimum (1.11 t ha-1) in the spring season to a maximum (4.58 t ha-1) in the summer season while at Grazed site (Yousmarag), the aboveground biomass varied from a minimum (0.54 t ha-1) in the spring season to a maximum of 1.48 t ha-1 in summer seasonandat Seed sown site (Badipora), the lowest value of aboveground biomass obtained was 4.46 t ha-1 in spring while as the highest (7.98 t ha-1) was obtained in summer.

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