scholarly journals Bioaccumulated trace metal profiles of Tympanotonus fuscatus, Periophthalmus barbarous and Guinearma (Sesarma) alberti collected from a perturbed freshwater mangrove swamp in Warri, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-444
Author(s):  
O. Odigie ◽  
J.O. Olomukoro
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
West African ◽  
Ecological Effects ◽  
Wetland Area ◽  
Mangrove Swamp ◽  
Affected Area ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Different Levels

Bio –concentrated levels of trace metals; Fe, Zn, Cu, Cd and Pb in three (3) freshwater mangrove fauna; Tympanotonus fuscatus (periwinkle), Periophthalmus barbarous (mudskipper) and Guinearma (Sesarma) alberti (West African Sesarmid Crab) was investigated utilizng atomic absorbance spectrophotometery. Faunal sampling was conducted at five (5) sites in the Falcorp wetland area of Warri, Delta State, once monthly for an eighteen (18) month period. Maximal mean Fe and Zn values; 349.7 9 µg/g, dried wt ±15.64 and 16.92 µg/g, dried wt ±1.65 were recorded for the respective mudskipper and crab samples while minimal mean Fe and Zn values; 124.14 µg/g, dried wt ±7.85 and 7.71 µg/g, dried wt ± 0.96 were documented for the digested periwinkle tissues. The differences in the mean Fe, Zn, Cu and Cd values was siginificantly different at different levels (P<0.001, P <0.01 and P<0.05). The detection of significant  bioconcentration of these metals especially Cd, is a possible indication of the wide reaching deletrious ecological effects of  anthropogenic activities in the affected area. Keywords: Falcorp mangrove swamp, Bioaccumulation, Trace metal, benthic bio-indicator

Trace Metals in Water, Sediment and Biota from Ikpukulu-Ama Creek Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent-Akpu Ijeoma Favour ◽  
Okoseimiema Ibifubara Joshua
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Permissible Levels ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Rivers State

The concentrations of trace metals; Lead (Pb), Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn) and Cadmium (Cd) were determined in water, sediment and biota (Fish and plankton) from Ikpukulu-ama creek in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. The metals were analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrphotometer (AAS 500). Concentrations of metals in water were in the order of Cd&lt;Cu&lt;Pb&lt;Zn&lt;Fe, in sediments Cd&lt;Cu&lt;Pb&lt;Zn&lt;Fe, in fish Cd&lt;Cu&lt;Pb&lt;Zn&lt;Fe while in plankton the order of concentration were Cd=Pb&lt;Cu&lt;Zn&lt;Fe. The mean concentrations of metals in surface water (mg/L) were 5.2, 0.83, 0.03, 0.46, and 0.01 for Fe, Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd respectively, in sediments (mg/g) the values were 16.0, 0.65, 0.09, 0.32, and 0.01 for the same metals. The mean concentrations of metals in fish (mg/g) were Fe (2.96), Zn (1.87), Cu (0.03), Pb (0.08) and Cd (&lt;0.001), while for plankton (mg/L) were Fe (13.2), Zn (2.09), Cu (0.06), Pb (&lt;0.001) and Cd (&lt;0.001). The pollution index in the sediment was low. Trace metal concentrations in water, sediment and biota were below the maximum permissible levels recommended by National standard, but aquatic environment should be monitored regularly to avoid excess intake of metal into the water body.

scholarly journals Chemical Speciation and Characterization of Trace Metals in Dry Camellia sinensis and Herbal Tea Marketed in Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Omowunmi H. Fred-Ahmadu ◽  
Adebusayo E. Adedapo ◽  
Mary O. Oloyede ◽  
Nsikak U. Benson
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Camellia Sinensis ◽  
Microwave Plasma ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Metal Extraction ◽  
Residual Fraction ◽  
Potentially Toxic Metals ◽  
Herbal Tea ◽  
Daily Consumption

Background. Trace metals from anthropogenic activities have been found to occur in tea brands and pose potential human health risks to consumers. Objectives. The present study assessed the concentrations of trace metals in green, black and herbal tea brands using a modified Community Bureau of Reference sequential extraction method. Methods. Fifteen (15) Camellia sinensis and eight (8) herbal tea samples commonly consumed in Nigeria were collected and analyzed for trace metals. The concentrations of cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), vanadium (V), and zinc (Zn) in extract fractions were analyzed using microwave plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (MP-AES). Results. Trace metals were detected in all of the samples investigated. The concentrations of trace metals in 4 stages (soluble/exchangeable/carbonates bound fraction, reducible fraction, oxidizable fraction, residual fraction) of sequential and pseudo-total metal extraction procedures are presented. The concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn in the exchangeable/carbonate bound fraction for green tea ranged between 0.27–1.47, ND-0.33, ND-0.44, 7.05–33.04, 0.23–0.69, ND-0.51, ND-0.16 and 0.18–1.99 mg/kg, ND-0.73, 0.15–0.36, 0.36–0.59, 1.38–30.07, 0.15–0.54, 0.05–0.76, 0.15–0.34 and 0.27–0.77 mg/kg and 0.54–0.64, 0.25–0.41, 0.35–0.47, 18.72–23.98, 0.30–0.55, 0.15–0.21, 0.15–0.23 and 0.30–0.48 mg/kg for hebal tea, respectively. Conclusion. The metal content in the investigated tea indicated low to enhanced concentrations. Locally produced black teas recorded relatively low trace metal contents compared to the green and herbal tea samples. The most bioavailable trace metal was Mn, while Zn was most preferably bound to the residual fraction. Cadmium, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and V were distributed at varied concentrations among other extractable phases. Daily consumption of the investigated tea products may expose consumers to potentially toxic metals as well as essential elements. Competing interests. The authors declare no competing financial interests.

scholarly journals Assessment of Water Quality and Sedimentary Nutrient Status of Tumpat Mangrove Swamp Forest at Kelantan Delta, Malaysia

2019 ◽  
pp. 21-28
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Swamp Forest ◽  
Mangrove Swamp ◽  
Sediment Nutrients ◽  
N Value ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Domestic Effluent ◽  
Mean Concentration

An assessment of water quality and sediment nutrients has been carried out in Tumpat mangrove swamp forest located at Kelantan Delta in Malaysia. This mangrove delta is considered as very important to reduce the destruction of any natural disaster. Tumpat mangrove delta is possessed with several islands. Among them five islands situated at different locations started from inland edge to seaward were selected for present study. Different anthropogenic activities such as dumping of industrial and domestic effluent may contribute to degrade the water quality and sediments nutrient status. A total of 90 (water and sediment) samples 45 from each category were collected from 5 randomly selected islands. The aims of this study were to assess the water quality and sedimentary nutrients status and establish their relationship to find out the nutrient’s dynamic of Tumpat Mangrove Forest. The samples were tested in the laboratory to determine the water parameters and nutrient status. The results revealed that the mean concentration of DO, electric conductivity, pH was 4.67 ± 0.13 mg/L, 20.49 ± 4.71 µS/cm and 8.32 ± 0.06 and ranged from 4.47-4.87 mg/L, 14.21-28.67 µs/cm and 8.24-8.42 at Palau Bedal (PB), Palau Layang-layang (PL), Palau Kambing (PK), Palau Mas (PS) and Palau Tujuh (PT) islands, respectively. The mean concentration of BOD, COD and oil and grease (OG) were 1.09 ± 0.13 mg/L, 70.93 ± 25.21 mg/L and 91.77 ± 68.16 mg/L and the values were ranged from 0.9-1.25 mg/L, 44.33-120 mg/L and 18.67-205.71 mg/L at PB, PL, PK, PS and PT islands, respectively. Mean percentage of sediment nutrients such as N, P, K and Ca were 0.41 ± 0.04%, 4.66 ± 2.09 mg/L, 50.61 ± 10.58 mg/L and 83.15 ± 11.78 mg/L and ranged from 0.36-0.49%, 2.14-8.33 mg/L, 34.25-69.4 mg/L and 66.71-104.18 mg/L at PB, PL, PK, PS and PT islands, respectively. The highest N value was found in PT Island nearest to the coastal area. Deposition of litter from human settlement and fish chip factory might be the reason for higher N value. The trend of the P concentration for the study area was decreased from seaward to inland edge. Correlation analysis indicated the positive relationship between K: OG (r= 0.678) and Mg: OG (r= 0.721) but Ca: temperature (r=- 0.705) was negatively correlated. It is presumed that different concentrations of physico-chemical properties might be influenced for sedimentary nutrients dynamic at study area. Moreover, the sediment of the study area was not dynamic because most of the nutrient (P, K, and Mg) were influenced by the concentration of OG values.

scholarly journals Assessment of Trace Metal Contents of Indigenous and Improved Pastures and Their Implications for Livestock in Terms of Seasonal Variations

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (7) ◽  
pp. 347-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mian Jahanzaib Rasheed ◽  
Kafeel Ahmad ◽  
Zafar Iqbal Khan ◽  
Shahzadi Mahpara ◽  
Tasneem Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Seasonal Effects ◽  
Spring Season ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
The Mean ◽  
In Blood Plasma

The research was aimed to determine seasonal effects on trace metals levels in soil, forages and blood plasma of animals. The mean cadmium, chromium and copper values in soil samples in different sampling seasons were ranged from 6.97 to 4.10, 0.060 to 0.72 and 3.54to 4.08 mg/kg, respectively, while, in forage samples were between 0.671-0.697, 1.57-2.22 and 6.75-7.06 mg/kg, respectively. Higher Cd, Cr and Cu concentrations were observed in blood plasma of young buffaloes during summer season, in dry buffaloes during spring season and in young buffaloes during autumn season, while lower Cd, Cr and Cu contents were noticed in blood plasma of lactating buffaloes in summer season. The highest bio-concentration factor value from soil to forage was determined for Cr while from forage to blood plasma of buffaloes was detected for Cd. The Cd, Cr and Cu correlation of soil with blood plasma were positive for all samples.

OVARIAN ASCORBIC ACID DEPLETION TEST FOR LUTEINIZING HORMONE

1967 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 619-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Jacob Koed ◽  
Christian Hamburger
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Response Curve ◽  
Dose Response Curve ◽  
Human Origin ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Different Levels

ABSTRACT Comparison of the dose-response curves for LH of ovine origin (NIH-LH-S8) and of human origin (IRP-HMG-2) using the OAAD test showed a small, though statistically significant difference, the dose-response curve for LH of human origin being a little flatter. Two standard curves for ovine LH obtained with 14 months' interval, were parallel but at different levels of ovarian ascorbic acid. When the mean ascorbic acid depletions were calculated as percentages of the control levels, the two curves for NIH-LH-S8 were identical. The use of standards of human origin in the OAAD test for LH activity of human preparations is recommended.

Chemical Composition and Metal Speciation in Porewaters from the Upper Qu’Appelle River Basin, Saskatchewan

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard E. Farrell ◽  
Jae E. Yang ◽  
P. Ming Huang ◽  
Wen K. Liaw
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Metal Speciation ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Carbonate Equilibria ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Porewater samples from the upper Qu’Appelle River basin in Saskatchewan, Canada, were analyzed to obtain metal, inorganic ligand and amino add profiles. These data were used to compute the aqueous speciation of the metals in each porewater using the computer program GEOCHEM-PC. The porewaters were classified as slightly to moderately saline. Metal concentrations reflected both the geology of the drainage basin and the impact of anthropogenic activities. Whereas K and Na were present almost entirely as the free aquo ions, carbonate equilibria dominated the speciation of Ca. Mg and Mn (the predominant metal ligand species were of the type MCO3 (s). MCO30. and MHCO3+). Trace metal concentrations were generally within the ranges reported for non-polluted freshwater systems. Whereas the speciation of the trace metals Cr(III) and Co(II) was dominated by carbonate equilibria, Hg(II)-, Zn(II)- and Fe(II)-speciation was dominated by hydroxy-metal complexes of the type M(OH)+ and M(OH)2°. The speciation of Fe(III) was dominated by Fe(OH)3 (s). In porewaters with high chloride concentrations (&gt; 2 mM), however, significant amounts of Hg(II) were bound as HgCl20 and HgClOH0. The aqueous speciation of Al was dominated by Al(OH)4− and Al2Si2O4(OH)6 (s). Total concentrations of dissolved free amino acids varied from 15.21 to 25.17 umole L−1. The most important metal scavenging amino acids were histidine (due to high stability constants for the metal-histidine complexes) and tryptophan (due to its relatively high concentration in the porewaters. i.e., 5.96 to 7.73 umole L−1). Secondary concentrations of various trace metal-amino add complexes were computed for all the porewaters, but metal-amino acid complexes dominated the speciation of Cu(II) in all the porewaters and Ni(II) in two of the porewaters.

scholarly journals Marine ammonia-oxidising archaea and bacteria occupy distinct iron and copper niches

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roxana T. Shafiee ◽  
Poppy J. Diver ◽  
Joseph T. Snow ◽  
Qiong Zhang ◽  
Rosalind E. M. Rickaby
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Genomics ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Testable Hypothesis ◽  
Niche Separation ◽  
Toxicity Threshold ◽  
Geologic Time ◽  
Additional Explanation ◽  
Ammonia Oxidising Archaea

AbstractAmmonia oxidation by archaea and bacteria (AOA and AOB), is the first step of nitrification in the oceans. As AOA have an ammonium affinity 200-fold higher than AOB isolates, the chemical niche allowing AOB to persist in the oligotrophic ocean remains unclear. Here we show that marine isolates, Nitrosopumilus maritimus strain SCM1 (AOA) and Nitrosococcus oceani strain C-107 (AOB) have contrasting physiologies in response to the trace metals iron (Fe) and copper (Cu), holding potential implications for their niche separation in the oceans. A greater affinity for unchelated Fe may allow AOB to inhabit shallower, euphotic waters where ammonium supply is high, but competition for Fe is rife. In contrast to AOB, AOA isolates have a greater affinity and toxicity threshold for unchelated Cu providing additional explanation to the greater success of AOA in the marine environment where Cu availability can be highly variable. Using comparative genomics, we predict that the proteomic and metal transport basis giving rise to contrasting physiologies in isolates is widespread across phylogenetically diverse marine AOA and AOB that are not yet available in pure culture. Our results develop the testable hypothesis that ammonia oxidation may be limited by Cu in large tracts of the open ocean and suggest a relatively earlier emergence of AOB than AOA when considered in the context of evolving trace metal availabilities over geologic time.

Determination of trace metal(loid)s in mangrove swamp sediments in relation to its adjacent host rocks of South Andaman, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiva Shankar Venkatesan ◽  
Neelam Purti ◽  
Kaviarasan Thanamegam ◽  
Baskaran Ram ◽  
Dharanirajan Kesavan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metal ◽  
Mangrove Swamp ◽  
South Andaman ◽  
Host Rocks

scholarly journals Significance of building and plumbing specifics on trace metal concentrations in drinking water

1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 893-903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inderjit Singh ◽  
Donald S. Mavinic
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
First Flush ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Building Height ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Family House

Samples were taken from 72 high-rise apartment suites (6 suites in 12 individual high-rise towers) and 60 single-family houses located within the Greater Vancouver Regional District. The influence of the following factors on trace metal concentrations in 1-L first-flush drinking water samples and “running” hot water samples was investigated: building height, location, plumbing age, type of plumbing, and type of building. Results of this survey show that with the exception of building height, all factors had a correlation with one or more of the trace metals investigated. The trace metals examined were lead, copper, iron, and zinc. Lead was influenced primarily by building type, copper by plumbing age and type of plumbing, and iron by location. Elevated lead levels were associated with high-rise samples. New copper plumbing systems resulted in high copper levels. Highest iron levels in the drinking water were measured in the East Vancouver location. Zinc did not show a distinct correlation with any of the factors investigated. Brass faucets were the primary source of zinc in tap water. They also contributed substantially to the lead detected in the 1-L first-flush sample. Metal concentrations measured in the high-rise and house samples were compared with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) and the proposed “no-action” level for lead. In high-rise samples, the 0.01 mg/L “no-action” level proposed for lead was exceeded in 43% of the samples, and 62% of the samples exceeded the current 1.0 mg/L MCL standard for copper. In single-family house samples, these values were 47% and 73%, respectively. The average lead concentrations were 0.020 mg/L for all high-rise samples and 0.013 mg/L for house samples. Regulatory levels stated above would still be exceeded in 6% of the cases for lead and 9% of the cases for copper, even after prolonged flushing of the tap in a high-rise building. In all cases associated with single-family houses, flushing the cold water tap for 5 minutes was successful in achieving compliance levels. Key words: aggressive water, compliance, corrosive, drinking water, first-flush, GVRD, high-rise, single-family house, trace metals, USEPA.

scholarly journals Trace Metal Distribution and Mobility in Soils after Silvicultural Thinning and Burning

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Ngowari Jaja ◽  
Monday Mbila ◽  
Yong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metal ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Forest Health ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Design Experiment ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Silvicultural thinning and burning are common management practices that are widely used to address ecosystem problems such as tree stocking and general forest health. However, high-severity fire has variable effects on soils, resulting in damages which are directly or indirectly reflected on the trace metal chemistry of the soil. This study was conducted to evaluate the trace metal variation at the Bankhead National Forest in Northern Alabama following the silvicultural thinning and burning. The experimental site had treatments consisting of two burning patterns and three levels of thinning as part of an overall treatment of three burning patterns and three levels of thinning applied to nine treatment plots to fit a completely randomized block design experiment. Four treatments sites were used for this study and samples were collected from soil profile pits excavated at representative plots within each treatment. The samples were analyzed for trace metals-As, Cu, Ni, Zn and Pb-using Perkin Elmer 2100 ICP-OES. Post treatment samples indicated that the trace metal concentrations generally decreased with soil depth. Copper, Ni, and Zn at the Pre-burn site gradually increased with depth to a maximum concentration at about 50 cm below the soil surface. Arsenic in the surface horizons increased by 156% in the burn-only sites, 54% in the thin-only treatment, 30% for the burn and thin treatments. Such differences were unlikely due to differences in the geochemistry of the parent material, but likely due to anthropogenic activities and possibly the forest management practices in question.

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