scholarly journals Elaborated Mathematical Model for Hydrogen-Hydrogen-Oxygen Energy Storage Cell

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Generation System ◽  
Simulation Data ◽  
Electric Circuits ◽  
Hand Shaping ◽  
Playing Field ◽  
Theoretical Comparison ◽  
Effective Current ◽  
Plate Design ◽  
Spiral Plate

Hydrogen is now considered one of the most promising fuel of the future. It will be used in various applications, e.g. generating and storing electricity, fuel for automobiles and Jet Planes, hydrogen powered industries, and for all our domestic energy requirements. The challenges of efficiently generating and storing the Hydrogen gas is the playing field of many researchers around the globe. In this paper we studied three different designs of the generation cell where an elaborated design models for these three designs are put forth. The three designs were modeled into three electric circuits to calculate the plate’s parameters such as resistance, inductance and capacitance. A theoretical comparison based on these three parameters, has applied to determine the optimum design. A spiral plate design shows the highest HHO gases generation. The simulation data showed also, that minimizing the voltage at least to be 1.23V, will increase the effective current hence improving the efficiency. On the other hand, shaping the input signal to the energy generation system, will lead to stabilizing the temperature and reduce the power loses.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Construction of Hydrogen-Hydrogen-Oxygen (HHO) Cell as Renewable Energy Storage

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Parallel Plates ◽  
Generation System ◽  
Simulation Data ◽  
Design Models ◽  
Hand Shaping ◽  
Effective Current ◽  
Cylindrical Tubes ◽  
Renewable Energy Storage ◽  
Insight Into

In this paper, we propose a comprehensive design of HHO generation cell of the brown gas using three different design models, namely: parallel plates design for HHO cell, cylindrical tubes design for HHO cell, and spiral plates design for HHO cell. Extensive experimental results for the plate’s parameters such as resistance, inductance and capacitance are proposed to get more insight into the proposed designs. The simulation data showed that minimizing the voltage at least to be 1.23V, will increase the effective current, hence improving the efficiency. On the other hand, shaping the input signal to the energy generation system, will lead to stabilizing the temperature and reduce the power loses.

Small-Scale, Green-Powered Hydrogen Generation System

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Arruda ◽  
David Browne ◽  
Chris Thongkham ◽  
Mansour Zenouzi
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Hydrogen Generation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Thermal Design ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Hydrogen Fuel ◽  
Generation System ◽  
Average Consumer

One of the major road blocks in the transition from the current oil economy to the future hydrogen fuel economy is the availability of low cost hydrogen fuel for the average consumer. Currently, the price per kilogram of hydrogen fuel is higher than the cost of an equivalent measure of gasoline and its availability is limited to large metropolitan areas. Both of these factors prevent hydrogen from being an attractive alternative to gasoline for most consumers. The goal of this project, in a senior thermal design course, is to design and construct a low-cost hydrogen generation system for residential hydrogen fuel production and storage. The system will be powered by renewable sources of energy; namely a micro-scale wind turbine and a solar panel. The power generated will be used to power a small-scale PEM electrolyzer to produce hydrogen gas that will then be stored at low pressure in a safe, metal hydride storage tank. This relatively low cost system will provide the average consumer with the ability to safely produce hydrogen fuel for use in residential fuel cells or fuel cell-powered vehicles, making hydrogen fuel an attractive alternative to fossil fuels.

scholarly journals Nonuniformity-Immune Read-In Integrated Circuit for Infrared Sensor Testing Systems

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1603
Author(s):  
Minji Cho ◽  
Heechul Lee ◽  
Doohyung Woo
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Current Mode ◽  
Cmos Process ◽  
Data Sampling ◽  
Infrared Sensor ◽  
Mode Structure ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Simulation Data ◽  
Electric Circuits ◽  
The Mean

In this study, a novel IR projector driver that can minimize nonuniformity in electric circuits, using a dual-current-programming structure, is proposed to generate high-quality infrared (IR) scenes for accurate sensor evaluation. Unlike the conventional current-mode structure, the proposed system reduces pixel-to-pixel nonuniformity by assigning two roles (data sampling and current driving) to a single transistor. A prototype of the proposed circuit was designed and fabricated using the SK-Hynix 0.18 µm CMOS process, and its performance was analyzed using post-layout simulation data. It was verified that nonuniformity, which is defined as the standard deviation divided by the mean radiance, could be reduced from 21% to less than 0.1%.

Hydrogen as a Fuel Supplement in a CNG Operated Vehicle Using a Simple Onboard Hydrogen Generation System

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Usman Asad ◽  
Mohammad A. Wattoo
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
Hydrogen Generation ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Generation System ◽  
Small Current ◽  
Light Load ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen

Natural gas operated gasoline engines achieve superior fuel economy on the expense of reduced engine power and increased emissions. One method of offsetting these disadvantages is by the addition of hydrogen gas up to 20% by volume to compressed natural gas (CNG) using the existing natural gas conversion systems. This offers major benefits in fuel economy, light load performance and lower emissions. The effect of supplementing CNG with hydrogen is studied along with the design of a simple hydrogen generation system for a 1.3 L bi-fuel engine. The Suzuki 1.3 L G13BA (SOHC) gasoline engine fitted with the Landi Renzo CNG pressure regulator, Type TN1 (Standard) has been used for experimentation. The system uses a small current for electrolysis of ordinary tap water for production of hydrogen. The light load performance is significantly enhanced and carbon monoxide and unburnt hydrocarbon emissions are reduced. Constraints on system design have been duly accounted for and the complete system is placed under the hood of the vehicle.

Motions of neutral hydrogen at high latitudes

1967 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 265-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Blaauw ◽  
I. Fejes ◽  
C. R. Tolbert ◽  
A. N. M. Hulsbosch ◽  
E. Raimond
Keyword(s):  
Surface Density ◽  
Velocity Dispersion ◽  
Neutral Hydrogen ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
High Latitudes ◽  
Low Velocity

Earlier investigations have shown that there is a preponderance of negative velocities in the hydrogen gas at high latitudes, and that in certain areas very little low-velocity gas occurs. In the region 100° <l< 250°, + 40° <b< + 85°, there appears to be a disturbance, with velocities between - 30 and - 80 km/sec. This ‘streaming’ involves about 3000 (r/100)2solar masses (rin pc). In the same region there is a low surface density at low velocities (|V| < 30 km/sec). About 40% of the gas in the disturbance is in the form of separate concentrations superimposed on a relatively smooth background. The number of these concentrations as a function of velocity remains constant from - 30 to - 60 km/sec but drops rapidly at higher negative velocities. The velocity dispersion in the concentrations varies little about 6·2 km/sec. Concentrations at positive velocities are much less abundant.

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