scholarly journals Cultural Domain in Development and Validation of Tests on Arts to Assess the Skills of Student Graphic Designers

2022 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Marianna O. Nerozna ◽  
Ievgen P. Gula ◽  
Mykhailo F. Rudenko ◽  
Oksana V. Maznichenko ◽  
Oleksandra P. Basanec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Factorial Structure ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Specific Test ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Cultural Domain ◽  
Latent Traits ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Test Level

The purpose of the study was to examine whether the presence of items that covered cultural questions in the test оn arts for student graphic designers influenced the fairness of the test across different ethnic and social groups. The reason for the study was to address the gap in the development and validation of tests оn arts that include a cultural domain to assess the skills of undergraduate graphic designers. The research design was based on DIF and DTF methods to examine the factorial structure of test data and to identify whether the factorial structure of the test was the same across ethnic and social groups. A one-factor CFA model was applied to perform measurements for categorised ethnic and social status groups to identify whether the factorial structure was similar or identical for them. The goodness-of-fit measures were calculated using the chi-square statistics, CFI, TLI, and RMSEA to identify how the obtained data is consistent with the hypothesised model. The inclusion of local culture-related questions in the tests оn arts to assess the skills of student graphic designers influences the individuals' latent traits which lead to an increase in DIF values. Though there were detected seven items with the DIF for the whole test, the DTF measurements showed that the DIF effect eliminated each out at test level which is related to the fact the certain ethnic groups performed better in answering some specific test items, while certain status groups performed better in answering some other test items. It is noteworthy that DTF for the Ukrainian art (miscellaneous) section was between 0.07 and 0.14 meaning a moderate DTF effect. However, the DTF variance values for the sections of principles of design and principles of art were lower than 0.07 meaning a small effect. Therefore, it could be concluded that small DTF effects found in both the whole test and each test section separately indicated that DIF effects eliminate each other at the test level.

Prediction of Haemoglobin Level by Some Probability Distribution

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-88
Author(s):  
Govinda Prasad Dhungana ◽  
Laxmi Prasad Sapkota
Keyword(s):  
Probability Distribution ◽  
Normal Distribution ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Hemoglobin Level ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Log Normal ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Best Fit

 Hemoglobin level is a continuous variable. So, it follows some theoretical probability distribution Normal, Log-normal, Gamma and Weibull distribution having two parameters. There is low variation in observed and expected frequency of Normal distribution in bar diagram. Similarly, calculated value of chi-square test (goodness of fit) is observed which is lower in Normal distribution. Furthermore, plot of PDFof Normal distribution covers larger area of histogram than all of other distribution. Hence Normal distribution is the best fit to predict the hemoglobin level in future.

The ffs Allele Conditions Flower Stem Fasciation in Red Beet

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 527f-528
Author(s):  
I.L. Goldman
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Control ◽  
Inbred Line ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Recessive Character ◽  
Variable Expression ◽  
Red Beet ◽  
Flower Stem

A fasciated flower stem character arose spontaneously during development of the red beet (Beta vulgaris L.) inbred line W411. The fasciated character is manifest by a flattened flower stem with petioles coalesced into a twisted, ribbonlike appearance. No fasciation is present in the vegetative stem or petioles. An inheritance study was conducted to determine the genetic control of flower stem fasciation. The inbred line W411 was used both as a male and female parent in crosses with four red beet inbred lines. Segregating progenies in both the BC1 and F2 generations were developed and scored for the fasciated flower stem character. Variable expression of the fasciated flower stem phenotype was observed in these progenies; however, the presence of flattened flower stems at the stem/hypocotyl junction was unequivocal. Chi-square goodness-of-fit tests in both the BC1 and F2 generations did not deviate significantly from expected ratios for a monogenic recessive character for each genetic background. No reciprocal differences were detected for any cross in this group of four inbred lines, which suggests the lack of maternal effect for the fasciated character. The symbol ffs is proposed to describe the genetic control of the fasciated flower stem phenotype.

scholarly journals Using Benford’s law to assess the quality of COVID-19 register data in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Silva ◽  
Dalson Figueiredo Filho
Keyword(s):  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Mean Absolute Deviation ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Absolute Deviation ◽  
Distortion Factor ◽  
Benford Law ◽  
Official Data

Abstract We employ Newcomb–Benford law (NBL) to evaluate the reliability of COVID-19 figures in Brazil. Using official data from February 25 to September 15, we apply a first digit test for a national aggregate dataset of total cases and cumulative deaths. We find strong evidence that Brazilian reports do not conform to the NBL theoretical expectations. These results are robust to different goodness of fit (chi-square, mean absolute deviation and distortion factor) and data sources (John Hopkins University and Our World in Data). Despite the growing appreciation for evidence-based-policymaking, which requires valid and reliable data, we show that the Brazilian epidemiological surveillance system fails to provide trustful data under the NBL assumption on the COVID-19 epidemic.

Towards a well-informed rental housing policy in Ghana: differentiating between critics and non-critics of the rent advance system

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richmond Juvenile Ehwi ◽  
Lewis Abedi Asante ◽  
Emmanuel Kofi Gavu
Keyword(s):  
Housing Policy ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Rental Housing ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Housing Characteristics ◽  
Employment Sector ◽  
General Elections ◽  
The One ◽  
Formal And Informal Sectors

Purpose In Ghana, the practice of landlords demanding that renters pay rent advance (RA) of between six months and five years is well noted. Surprisingly, renters appear divided into the benefits and drawbacks of the rent advance payment. Ahead of the 2020 general elections, the two leading political parties in Ghana promised to establish a rent assistance scheme to help renters working in the formal and informal sectors and earning regular incomes to pay their RA. This paper aims to scrutinize the differences in the demographic, employment and housing characteristics between the critics and non-critics of the RA payment in Ghana and the factors that predict the likelihood of being a critic of the RA system. Design/methodology/approach The study is exploratory and draws empirical data from surveys administered to 327 graduate renters from 13 regions in Ghana. It uses non-parametric and parametric tests, namely, Chi-square goodness-of-fit and T-test to explore these differences between both critics and non-critics of the RA. Findings There are statistically significant differences between critics and non-critics in terms of the association between their educational attainment on the one hand and their marital status, employment status and employment sector on the other hand. The research also reveals that monthly expenditures, number of bedrooms and RA period significantly predict the likelihood of being a critic of the RA payment or otherwise. Practical implications The study provides evidence which policymakers can draw upon to inform housing policy. Originality/value The study is the first to study the housing characteristics of graduate renters and to quantitatively distinguish between critics and non-critics of RA payment in Ghana.

ANALISIS PENGARUH PENYELESAIAN KONFLIK ANTAR KARYAWAN TERHADAP STRES KERJA DAN KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA PT. PERUSAHAAN GAS NEGARA, Tbk SURABAYA

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 665-679
Author(s):  
Rohmah Kurniawati ◽  
Waloyo Waloyo ◽  
Priyo Utomo
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modelling ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Equation Modelling ◽  
Fit Index

Konflik, perselisihan, dan pertentangan dapat terjadi dimana saja, kapan saja, antar siapa saja dan menyangkut hal apa saja, sehingga konflik pun dapat terjadi ditempat kerja. Dalam lingkungan kerja, konflik antar karyawan yang terjadi sebaiknya diselesaikan dengan baik karena konflik yang dapat diselesaikan akan menurunkan tingkat stres dan meningkatkan kinerja karyawan. Dari latar belakang tersebut maka penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penyelesaian konflik antar karyawan terhadap stres kerja dan kinerja karyawan pada PT. Perusahaan Gas Negara, Tbk Surabaya. Untuk mencapai tujuan penelitian maka teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) dengan program AMOS 4.01. Variabel pada penelitian ini adalah penyelesaian konflik antar karyawan yang terdiri dari : variabel kerjasama, variabel bersaing, variabel menghindar, variabel akomodasi dan variabel kompromi, sedangkan variabel terikat yang digunakan adalah variabel stres kerja dan variabel kinerja karyawan. Data yang digunakan didasarkan pada hasil kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada responden, responden pada penelitian ini adalah karyawan PT. Perusahaan Gas Negara, Tbk Surabaya. Analisis hasil pengujian Goodness-Of Fit Index, menunjukkan data mempunyai kecocokan yang baik dengan model penelitian dengan hasil Chi Square = 154,229 dan koefisien determinan ( R2 ) dalam model SEM ditunjukkan oleh nilai AGFI = 0,792 yang masih berada di bawah Cut Off Value, namun sudah dapat dikatakan bahwa model sudah Fit dalam uji model SEM. Model menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh langsung antara variabel kerjasama, bersaing, menghindar, akomodasi dan kompromi terhadap stres kerja dan kinerja karyawan. Karyawan PT. Perusahaan Gas Negara, Tbk Surabaya lebih menyukai penyelesaian konflik dengan cara Kompromi hal ini didasarkan pada perhitungan dari data yang diolah bahwa penyelesaian konflik antar karyawan dengan cara ini memberikan kontribusi terbesar dalam menurunkan stres kerja, sedangkan penyelesaian konflik antar karyawan dengan cara bersaing memberikan kontribusi terbesar terhadap kinerja karyawan. Karyawan menganggap bahwa kedua cara ini dianggap sebagai cara yang efektif dalam menciptakan hubungan kerja dan terciptanya keharmonisan dalam berorganisasi.

DISTRIBUTIONAL ANALYSIS OF RELATED SYNSETS IN WordNet FOR A WORD SENSE DISAMBIGUATION TASK

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (06) ◽  
pp. 919-934 ◽  
Author(s):  
KOSTAS FRAGOS ◽  
YANIS MAISTROS
Keyword(s):  
Target Word ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Word Sense Disambiguation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Reasonable Assumption ◽  
P Value ◽  
Word Sense ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Sense Disambiguation

This work presents a new method for an unsupervised word sense disambiguation task using WordNet semantic relations. In this method we expand the context of a word being disambiguated with related synsets from the available WordNet relations and study within this set the distribution of the related synset that correspond to each sense of the target word. A single sample Pearson-Chi-Square goodness-of-fit hypothesis test is used to determine whether the null hypothesis of a composite normality PDF is a reasonable assumption for a set of related synsets corresponding to a sense. The calculated p-value from this test is a critical value for deciding the correct sense. The target word is assigned the sense, the related synsets of which are distributed more "abnormally" relative to the other sets of the other senses. Our algorithm is evaluated on English lexical sample data from the Senseval-2 word sense disambiguation competition. Three WordNet relations, antonymy, hyponymy and hypernymy give a distributional set of related synsets for the context that was proved quite a good word sense discriminator, achieving comparable results with the system obtained the better results among the other competing participants.

scholarly journals Organizational commitment, psychometric qualities and invariance of the Meyer and Allen Questionnaire for Portuguese Nurses

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Neves ◽  
João Graveto ◽  
Victor Rodrigues ◽  
João Marôco ◽  
Pedro Parreira
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
External Validity ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Factorial Structure ◽  
Portuguese Version ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Specification Search ◽  
Confirmatory Analysis

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the psychometric qualities of the Portuguese version of the Organizational Commitment Questionnaire for the nursing context, through confirmatory analysis and invariance, aiming to evaluate the reliability, internal consistency, construct validity and external validity of the instrument. Method: confirmatory factor analysis of the Portuguese version of the questionnaire was carried out with a sample of 850 nurses, in hospital context. The analysis was complemented using specification search. Goodness of fit was evaluated through different indices. Reliability, internal consistency and construct validity were estimated. The invariance of the model was evaluated in two subsamples of the same sample, in order to confirm the external validity of the factorial solution. Results: the refined model demonstrated good overall fit (χ2/df=6.37; CFI=0.91; GFI=0.92; RMSEA=0.08; MECVI=0.62). The factorial structure was stable (λ:Δχ2(14)=18.31; p=0;193; Intercepts: Δχ2(14)=22.29; p=0.073; Covariance: Δχ2(3)=6.01; p=0.111; Residuals: Δχ2(15)=22.44; p=0.097). Conclusion: the simplified model of the questionnaire demonstrated adequate goodness of fit, representing a stable factorial solution. The instrument was fit to monitor and evaluate the organizational commitment of Portuguese nurses.

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