FSUE SRI IMM: Evolution of Devices for Radon Control and its DPR

ANRI ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
Igor' Shkrabo ◽  
Aleksandr Gusev
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Uranium Deposits ◽  
The Third ◽  
Direct Measurements ◽  
Means Of Measurement ◽  
Radon Decay ◽  
Effective Doses ◽  
Unattached Fraction ◽  
Maritime Medicine ◽  
Alpha Spectrometer

Preparation and implementation of measures to reduce radiation doses to personnel of enterprises engaged in the extraction and processing of uranium-containing ores, and the population of the territories adjacent to uranium deposits, require an increase in the accuracy of estimates of absorbed and effective doses to the personnel of enterprises and the population with the inhalation of radon and its progeny. This can only be done by taking into account the contribution of the aerosol-unattached fraction of the radon decay progeny to the effective and absorbed radiation doses, which are evaluated on the basis of direct measurements. Alpha spectrometer SAT-03 – a means of measurement of the third generation, has been developed in the Research Institute of Industry and Maritime Medicine for these purposes. Widespread domestic radiometers of the previous generation (RAA-10, RRA-01M) do not have the technical capabilities to perform such studies.

PRELIMINARY EVALUATION OF PATIENT RADIATION DOSES DURING RADIONUCLIDE DIAGNOSTIC WITH MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES LABELED WITH 89Zr

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larisa A. Chipiga ◽  
Anna E. Petrova ◽  
Artem A. Mosunov ◽  
Laura T. Naurzbaeva ◽  
Stanislaus M. Kushnarenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Dose Assessment ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Software Products ◽  
Absorbed Doses ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Effective Doses

In connection with the constantly increasing use of monoclonal antibodies labeled with 89Zr, in clinical practice, it is urgent to study their pharmacokinetics with the determination, based on the data obtained, of absorbed doses in tumor foci, as well as intact organs and tissues, and effective doses of patients. To date, there are a limited number of studies that provide patient doses for diagnostic examinations using 89Zr-labeled monoclonal antibodies. In this regard, the purpose of this work was to assess the biodistribution of various monoclonal antibodies (ramucirumab, trastuzumab, atezolizumab) labeled with 89Zr, based on published data, with subsequent calculation of absorbed doses in radiosensitive organs and tissues and effective doses of patients. Based on the analysis of experimental data on the biodistribution of monoclonal antibodies labeled with 89Zr for the diagnosis of oncological diseases from the available literature sources and our own assessments, it has been concluded that the results of the determination of absorbed in organs and tissues and effective doses are inconsistent. The absorbed doses in organs, according to different literature sources, vary up to an order of magnitude within one organ and reach 440 mGy per examination, the effective dose varies from 3 to 112 mSv per examination. This may be due to differences in study design, radiometry and dose assessment methods. Comparison with doses obtained on the basis of a general model of biodistribution of monoclonal antibodies demonstrates the possibility of using this model for a rough estimate of internal doses of patients. However, for a more accurate assessment, it is necessary to standardize approaches to the determination of internal radiation doses using the most effective methodological solutions and software products.

scholarly journals Uranium in the Surrounding of San Marcos-Sacramento River Environment (Chihuahua, Mexico)

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marusia Rentería-Villalobos ◽  
Manuel Reyes Cortés ◽  
Juan Mantero ◽  
Guillermo Manjón ◽  
Rafael García-Tenorio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Liquid Scintillation ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Uranium Deposits ◽  
Main Interest ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
San Marcos ◽  
Neighboring Population ◽  
Effective Doses

The main interest of this study is to assess whether uranium deposits located in the San Marcos outcrops (NW of Chihuahua City, Mexico) could be considered as a source of U-isotopes in its surrounding environment. Uranium activity concentrations were determined in biota, ground, and surface water by either alpha or liquid scintillation spectrometries. Major ions were analyzed by ICP-OES in surface water and its suspended matter. For determining uranium activity in biota, samples were divided in parts. The results have shown a possible lixiviation and infiltration of uranium from geological substrate into the ground and surface water, and consequently, a transfer to biota. Calculated annual effective doses by ingestion suggest that U-isotopes in biota could not negligibly contribute to the neighboring population dose. By all these considerations, it is concluded that in this zone there is natural enhancement of uranium in all environmental samples analyzed in the present work.

THE INFLUENCE OF THE EQUILIBRIUM FACTOR ON THE ESTIMATED ANNUAL EFFECTIVE DOSE FROM INHALED RADON DECAY PRODUCTS IN SELECTED WORKPLACES

2020 ◽  
Vol 191 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-191
Author(s):  
Petr P S Otahal ◽  
Ivo Burian ◽  
Eliska Fialova ◽  
Josef Vosahlik
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
Equilibrium Factor ◽  
Decay Products ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Radon Decay ◽  
Effective Doses ◽  
Dose Coefficients

Abstract Measurements of activity concentration of radon gas and radon decay products were carried out in several workplaces including schools, radium spas, swimming pools, water treatment plants, caves and former mines. Based on these measurements, annual effective doses to workers were estimated and values of the equilibrium factor, F, were calculated. This paper describes the different approaches used to estimate the annual effective dose based on the dose coefficients recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection. Using the measured F values as opposed to the default F value of 0.4 changed the doses by about 5–95% depending mainly upon the ventilation conditions of the workplace.

The magnetostriction of nickel

1971 ◽  
Vol 326 (1564) ◽  
pp. 73-85 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Variation ◽  
Power Law ◽  
Anisotropy Constant ◽  
Small Temperature ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
The Third ◽  
Direct Measurements

The five magnetostriction constants h 1 to h 5 have been determined for nickel at 4.2, 77 and 300 K from independent measurements on two crystals. At 4.2 K, h 3 , h 4 and h 5 are all small compared with h 1 and h 2 and there is nothing to suggest that a five-constant equation inadequately represents the magnetostrictive behaviour of nickel at this temperature. Within the temperature range h 3 is positive, implying that the first anisotropy constant, K 1 increases under pressure—in agreement with direct measurements. The combinations h 1 — 1/4 h 3 +5/6 h 4 and h 2 + 1/12 + 2/9 h 5 have been measured at small temperature intervals from 4.2 to 300 K. From these the appropriate combinations of magnetoelastic constants have been determined and their temperature variation compared with the theory of Callen & Callen (1963); agreement is poor. It is concluded that the magnetoelastic constants of nickel do not follow the third power law (nor more general expressions which use the same basis) and that the first anisotropy constant does not obey the tenth power law.

IMPACT OF GAMMA RADIATION ON STORAGE TIME AND QUALITY OF GRAPES

1970 ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
N. N. Loy ◽  
N. I. Sanzharova ◽  
T. V. Chizh ◽  
S. N. Gulina
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
The Third ◽  
Second Mode

The effect of gamma radiation in the dose range of 0.5-3.0 kGy (dose rate of 100 Gy / h) on the shelf life and quality of the grapes was studied. It has been established that storage of irradiated grapes under different conditions for temperature and humidity: 1 mode - t - 3-50 С, humidity 76%, 2 - t - 10.80 С, humidity 83.4% and 3 - t – 17.50 С, humidity 73%, influenced the efficiency of irradiation. It was noted that with 1 mode, the smallest weight loss of the fetuses was observed at a dose of 1.5 kGy (1%), with 2 mode losses were at the control level (dose 3.0 kGy) or exceeded it by 3-3.5 times (doses 0.5 and 1.5 kGy). In the third mode, with radiation doses of 0.5 and 1.5 kGy, weight loss on day 3 reached 2 and 4%, respectively, and remained unchanged throughout the experiment, which was 5 and 3 times lower than in the control, and when irradiated with a dose The mass loss at 3.0 kGy on the date of the last counting, as in the control variant, was 14%. It was shown that with the first storage mode, with the irradiation doses of 0.5-3.0 kGy, the sugar content increased by 13-31%, and with the second mode - by 4-8%. In the third mode, the sugar content was at the control level at a dose of 3.0 kGy and 10 and 5% below the control when irradiated with doses of 0.5 and 1.5 kGy. Irradiation of grapes in the range of 0.5–3.0 kGy resulted in a statistically significant increase in ascorbic acid by a factor of 2–2.5 in 1 mode, a decrease of 18–36% in 2 mode and multidirectional effects in 3 mode.

OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT AT A THERAPEUTIC RADON SPA FACILITY IN HUNGARY

2019 ◽  
Vol 184 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 470-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norbert Kavasi ◽  
Anita Csordas ◽  
Katalin Nagy ◽  
Silvana Beltran ◽  
Dafina Kikaj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Factor Level ◽  
Consultation Room ◽  
Decay Products ◽  
Radon Decay ◽  
Effective Doses ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Rheumatic Patients

Abstract In order to estimate occupational exposure of workers in a therapeutic radon spa facility, radon concentration in the workplace air was investigated at Markhot Ferenc Hospital, Eger, Hungary. The investigated balneotherapeutic facility and its natural hot spa water are used for treatments and rehabilitations of rheumatic patients. Radon concentration, radon decay products at a bathhouse, treatment rooms and a consultation room were continuously measured in August and September 2018. In the present study, different levels of radon concentration among the observation sites and its clear temporal variations were found, though radon concentrations in the investigated sites were below 300 Bq m−3. Regarding such radon fluctuation and low equilibrium factor level (0.1), the annual effective doses of workers are estimated to be around 0.5 mSv year−1.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Patient Radiation Doses in Skull Radiography

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
Chanchal Kaushik ◽  
Inderjeet Singh Sandhu ◽  
AK Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Information ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Reference Levels ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
Stochastic Effects ◽  
Air Kerma ◽  
Skull Radiography ◽  
Effective Doses ◽  
Ionizing Radiations ◽  
Entrance Surface Air Kerma

Purpose: Exposures to medical ionizing radiations elevate the risk of stochastic effects such as cancer in exposed individuals. It is of utmost importance to monitor the radiation doses delivered to patients and their optimization to reduce the associated radiation risks without limiting the diagnostic information. Methods: Entrance surface air kerma (ESAK) in a total of 64 adult patients in diagnostic digital Xray examinations were calculated and effective doses were estimated as per International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). Results: Median ESAK (mGy) and associated effective doses obtained were skull PA (0.45mGy, 0.005mSv) and skull Lat (0.25mGy, 0.003mSv). Results were compared with UK diagnostic reference levels and studies in India.Conclusion: The comparison revealed that the calculated ESAK and effective dose values wereless than the published literature. ESAK values reported in this study could further contribute toestablishing LDRLs.

Hygienic assessment of personnel working conditions in underground uranium mining

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (9) ◽  
pp. 601-604
Author(s):  
Natalya L. Proskuryakova ◽  
Anatolii V. Simakov ◽  
Yuri V. Abramov ◽  
Vasyliy V. Markovets ◽  
Sergey V. Lysenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uranium Mining ◽  
Volume Activity ◽  
Radiation Control ◽  
Industrial Dust ◽  
Radon Decay ◽  
Effective Doses ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Radiation Monitoring System ◽  
Industrial Mining ◽  
Chemical Association

The aim of the study is to assess the main radiation-hazardous factors that determine the effective dose of personnel during underground uranium mining at the Priargunsky Industrial Mining and Chemical Association, and to summarize the data of the radiation control of the enterprise for 2016-2020. The main factors that create personnel dose loads are: the volume activity of short-lived daughter products of radon decay in the air, the dose rate of external gamma radiation, and the volume activity of long-lived alpha-emitting radionuclides of the uranium-radium series in industrial dust. Information on the structure and values of individual effective doses of workers is presented. Recommendations for improving the radiation monitoring system are given.

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