Automation of the development of electrodynamic objects based on the dual approach

This paper considers an approach that demonstrates the features of creating complex electrodynamic systems. In practice, the creation of such objects is associated with a decrease in the levels of electromagnetic radiation, control of the direction of propagation of electromagnetic waves. The main properties of the generated automated system for assessing the quality of the electrodynamic characteristics of objects are considered. Suggestions are given on its structural diagram, the contours of the operation control and control of the restructuring of electrodynamic objects are shown. The created system for assessing the quality of electrodynamic characteristics can be useful in the design of a wide class of technical systems.

Analysis on radiation control and the impact of land pipeline leakage of offshore nuclear power plant on groundwater

Using the groundwater migration and dispersion analytical model, combined with the topography and groundwater characteristics along the land drainage pipeline of an offshore nuclear power plant, the migration and dispersion of six radionuclides (3H, 14C, 137Cs, 134Cs, 60Co, 90Sr, etc.) in groundwater under the condition of pipeline breach accident are predicted. The scope of impact of radionuclides and the annual effective dose caused by drinking water pathways to the public are analyzed. By summarizing the radionuclide concentration and dose index requirements for groundwater at home and abroad, the corresponding environmental impact assessment is given. The prediction results show that the radionuclide concentration and public effective dose at the same distance first increase and then decrease with time, and the peak radionuclide concentration and maximum public effective dose gradually decrease with distance increasing, in other words, the impact of the breach accident on the distance above 30 m is limited.

REGIONAL ECOLOGICALLY DEPENDENT FEATURES OF THE VEGETATIVE STATUS OF THE POPULATION IN LVIV REGION

In recent years, negative demographic phenomena are growing in Lviv region as well as in Ukraine on the whole. They are manifested in falling birth rates, rising mortality, rising morbidity which are inextricably linked with ecological imbalance and environmental degradation in general. The aim of our research was to identify the features of the degree of stress of the adaptation mechanisms, vegetative status and functional health (of population) of “radiation-clean” Lviv region and compare the results with the results of FEE of “radiation-contaminated” Vinnytsia and Chernihiv regions. We examined 1592 children of different ages and sexes living in Lviv region with the help of functional-vegetative diagnostics (FVD) of vegetative health by the method of V.G. Makats, which allows us to identify indicators of variance of vegetative levels that act as integral bioindicators of internal homeostasis. The bioelectrical activity of 12 symmetrical pairs of functionally active zones of the skin (24 PHASES), 12 on arms and 12 on legs, which reflect the functional activity of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems was studied. Atmospheric air pollution, drinking water quality, waste accumulation are the main factors that harm the health of the population. Emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere from stationary sources of pollution in Lviv region in 2019 were 16.7% less than in 2018. The overall dynamics of pollutant emissions in 2000-2019 was characterized by a downward trend, from 108.6 thousand tons in 2000 to 88.9 thousand tons in 2019. In 2019, 1.0% more waste was generated in Lviv region than in 2018. In 2019, 858 kg of waste was generated per capita in Lviv region, that is 99 tons per 1 km2. The Lviv region is not included in the radiation control zone of Ukraine and is considered to be «conditionally clean». While studying the variance of vegetative levels and, accordingly, the functional health of children in Lviv region in 2001-2006, we found that in female and male groups vegetative dynamics had a «sympathetic orientation» (critical functional stress of adaptation), so the percentage of surveyed children included in the zone of increase of sympathetic activity fluctuated from 36% in 2006 to 64% in 2004 in the female group under supervision and from 36,5% in 2003 to 55,7% in 2006 in male that is much higher than 15%. of the norms. The critical advantage of «sympathetic dispersion» is not ideal for functional health, but in this situation it indicates the absence of a «radiation component» of the integrated environmental pressure. Functional and ecological examination of Lviv region in 2001-2006 revealed its relation to the zone of «functional protection tension». We noted an opposite situation during long-term observations of the dynamics of functional health of children in Vinnytsia and Chernihiv regions which belong to the 4th zone of state radiation control. In addition, the children living in these regions were characterized by the development of persistent parasympathicotonia (vagotonia). While analyzing the state of functional health of children due to the vegetative coefficient (kV), which characterizes the adaptive potential of the population, it was found that at a rate of kV 0.95-1.05, which corresponds to the vegetative balance, in all gender groups and in all years of observation it is at much higher levels. Its average value ranged from 1.15 in 2002 to 1.30 in 2004 and 1.19 was the overall average for all years of observation. Speaking about children living in Lviv region, there are changes that reflect the imbalance of the autonomic nervous system towards the predominance of sympathetic regulation, accompanied by increased energy needs.Prolonged predominance of sympathetic regulation leads to depletion of energy reserves and, as a consequence, can provoke the emergence and development of diseases of various etiologies.

Hygienic assessment of personnel working conditions in underground uranium mining

The aim of the study is to assess the main radiation-hazardous factors that determine the effective dose of personnel during underground uranium mining at the Priargunsky Industrial Mining and Chemical Association, and to summarize the data of the radiation control of the enterprise for 2016-2020. The main factors that create personnel dose loads are: the volume activity of short-lived daughter products of radon decay in the air, the dose rate of external gamma radiation, and the volume activity of long-lived alpha-emitting radionuclides of the uranium-radium series in industrial dust. Information on the structure and values of individual effective doses of workers is presented. Recommendations for improving the radiation monitoring system are given.

Substantiation of methodical approaches to the control of indoor radon concentration in existing public buildings with non-round-the-clock stay of people

According to the analysis of requests for methodological assistance to the Saint-Petersburg Research In ­stitute of Radiation Hygiene after Professor P. V. Ramzaev, measurements of radon concentration (or radon EEC) in existing operated public buildings (primarily children institutions) in the framework of surveillance actions in the regions of the Russian Federation, as a rule, are taken according to Guidelines MU 2.6.1.2838-11, intended for radiation control of public buildings only when they are put into operation after construction, major repairs or reconstruction, due to the absence of special guidelines. Compliance with the requirements of paragraph 6.5 of MU 2.6.1.2838-11 means that the building and premises are in a state that is not equal to their normal operation mode. Registration of high values of indoor radon concentration in this case leads to management decisions, including administrative suspension o f activities for up to ninety days, i.e. the closure of individual premises or even the entire building of a children institution. The consequences of making such decisions may include an increase in social tension in society and provoking radiophobia among the population. The paper presents specific recommendations for the radon survey for existing operated public buildings with non-round-the-clock stay of people, which are based on the results of the analysis of the experience of practical application of various methods of measuring indoor radon concentrations in such buildings in order to assess average radon concentration during working hours in the normal operation mode. The proposed approach can be further used as the basis for developing special guidelines for radiation control of existing operated public buildings with non-round-the-clock stay of people.

Виготовлення авіаційних деталей з жароміцних нікелевих сплавів методом адитивного плазмового наплавлення

The aviation part of the ring-type was made of heat-resistant structural alloy EI 868 (HN60VT) by the method of additive multilayer plasma surfacing with wire. The traditional technology for obtaining this type of ring blank is the stamping of rods, which are then brought to the final shape of the part by further machining. The disadvantage of traditional technology is the significant cost of metal, which in the process of machining the pressed rod, is converted into chips and not reused, which increases the cost of the finished product. The use of additive technologies will significantly reduce the cost of material in obtaining annular workpieces by manufacturing a workpiece with a configuration as close as possible to the geometry of the part. Additive surfacing was performed on a robotic complex consisting of a plasma power supply SBI PMI-350 AC/DC TL and work FANUC M-710iC on a rigidly fixed substrate of steel 20. To determine the possibility of obtaining aviation parts using the method of layer-by-layer plasma surfacing, a study of the deposited material was conducted The structure of the grown part was studied, it was found that the microstructure corresponds to the normal state of the alloy EI868 (HN60W) in the microstructure of the fusion line is not visible, the structure is homogeneous with the mutual germination of grains between layers. Alloy parts obtained using the method of additive cultivation are at the level of cast blanks and forgings and at T = 900oC are: sв =35±5 кгс/мм2,s0,2 =49±5 кгс/мм2, y = 62±5 %. After machining the grown workpiece, a capillary method of control and radiation control of the grown part - cracks and other types of critical metallurgical defects was not detected. The practical significance of the introduction of this method is a significant reduction in material costs in obtaining parts and ensuring economic efficiency, which is about 159 thousand hryvnias.

Development of the automated data management system for radiation monitoring of forests

Since the system of radiation control in forestry was formed even before the mass introduction of information technologies, data processing in radiation monitoring retains the approaches conditioned by the traditional, paper-based document management. The aim of this project is to develop a unified automated system for collection, control and analysis of data from radiation monitoring of forests in the Russian Federation. The system is based on the use of the unified software ‘SpectraLineBG’ for spectrometric devices, on the creation of a cloud data storage server, and the development of a software environment for storing and processing of the obtained material. The system allows to check the accuracy of all the obtained results of measurements and to make their subsequent correction. The described method of data collection is universal for spectrometric studies and can be used not only in forestry, but also in any organization involved in radiation control of the environment. Using the accumulated material, the system allows to analyze the distribution and the dynamics of radionuclides in space and time, to calculate the coefficients of the transition of radionuclides from soil to vegetation for one or more species in different areas.

Analysis of the Experience of Participation in Interlaboratory Comparisons of the Radiation Control Laboratory in National Accreditation System

Purpose: Formation of the idea of laboratories accredited by Accreditation System of Russian Federation, in particular radiation control laboratories, about the possibility of confirming technical competence by means of participation in interlaboratory comparison tests at international level. Content: Description of the experience of successful passing the international comparisons by radiation control laboratories under up-to-date requirements. Conclusion: The experience described in the article can be used by accredited laboratories in practice for conformity validation with accreditation criteria.

Preconditioning, aerosols, and radiation control the temperature of glaciation in Amazonian clouds

Glaciation in clouds is a fundamental phenomenon in determining Earth’s radiation fluxes, sensible and latent heat budgets in the atmosphere, the water cycle, cloud development and lifetime. Nevertheless, the main mechanisms that govern the temperature of glaciation in clouds have not been fully identified. Here we present an analysis of 15 years (2000-2014) of satellite, sunphotometer, and reanalysis datasets over the Amazon. We find that the temperature of glaciation in convective clouds is controlled by preconditioning dynamics, natural and anthropic aerosols, and radiation. In a moist atmospheric column, prone to deep convection, increasing the amount of aerosols leads to a delay in the onset of glaciation, reducing the glaciation temperature. For a dry column, radiative extinction by biomass burning smoke leads to atmospheric stabilization and an increase in the glaciation temperature. Our results offer observational benchmarks that can help a more precise description of glaciation in convective cloud models.