scholarly journals Seed micromorphology and anatomy of 36 Muscari (Asparagaceae) taxa from Turkey with notes on their systematic importance

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hüseyin Eroğlu ◽  
Mehmet Cengiz Karaismailoğlu ◽  
Süleyman Mesut Pinar ◽  
Mehmet Fidan
Keyword(s):  
Common Type ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Seed Surface ◽  
Taxonomic Importance ◽  
Surface Ornamentation ◽  
Seed Micromorphology ◽  
Anatomical Characters ◽  
Micromorphology And Anatomy ◽  
Systematic Importance

This study presents the first in-depth evaluation of the morphological and anatomical characters, as well as their taxonomic importance, of the seeds of 36 taxa in subgenera Muscari, Leopoldia, Pseudomuscari and Botryanthus of the genus Muscari in Turkey, where 24 of the taxa are endemic. The results indicate that the taxa generally differ from each other in terms of seed shape and dimension. Seed dimensions vary between 1.66 mm and 3.21 mm in length, and between 1.12 mm and 2.63 mm in width. The seed surface ornamentation is grouped into nine forms: ruminate, reticulate, reticulate-areolate, reticulate-foveate, alveolate, scalariform, rugose, verrucate and areolate. The most common type is ruminate, while areolate, reticulate-foveate and scalariform ornamentation forms were found to be taxon-specific. Testa structures of the taxa examined consist in general of two different layers: the epidermis and the subepidermis in scleranchymatous or parenchymatous structures. The subepidermis may be absent in some of taxa. The structure and thickness of the epidermis and the subepidermis are very important characteristics that disclose interspecific relations among the examined taxa. We also provide a key for the identification of the studied taxa based on seed features.

Seed morphology of perennial taxa of Euphorbia section Pithyusa (Euphorbiaceae) in Turkey

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 336 (3) ◽  
pp. 263
Author(s):  
İLKER GENÇ ◽  
ŞÜKRAN KÜLTÜR
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Seed Surface ◽  
Surface Ornamentation ◽  
Seed Characteristics ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Comprehensive Study

A comprehensive study based on seed morphology of perennial Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) sect. Pithyusa species occurring in Turkey is presented. A total of 14 species were studied. Seed characteristics were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) as well as dissecting light microscopy. Significant features are: seed size, seed shape, shape of caruncle and seed surface ornamentation. Three different seed surface types (smooth, pitted, and wrinkled) were observed. Four main seed shapes (ovoid, oblong, quadrangular, and globose), as well as seven types of seed coat ornamentation (reticulate-areolate, areolate, alveolate, falsifoveate, pusticulate, colliculate and smooth) were found. The number of testa cells per 100 µm2 and also its range, from 8–12 to 57–63, are given.

scholarly journals Remarks Using the SEM method Species Seeds of Gentiana occurring in Turkey

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. ALÇITEPE ◽  
S. ERKEN ◽  
F. GÜLBAG ◽  
M.E. ÖZZAMBAK
Keyword(s):  
Cell Size ◽  
Morphological Character ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Seed Micromorphology ◽  
Periclinal Walls ◽  
First Time ◽  
Seed Characteristics ◽  
Wing Cell

ABSTRACT Seeds of eleven perennial Gentiana collected from Turkey were analyzed using the SEM method. Other species excluding G. septemfida, G. boissieri, G. gelida were studied for the first time. They were identified and compared in terms of seed characteristics and surface ornamentations. Major characteristics including the outer periclinal walls of testa, sculpting of inner periclinal walls, seed shape, seed and testa cell, wing cell size, thickness of testa wall and seed shape have been proposed for Turkey Gentiana. They are divided into different types, such as no wing, chalazal wing, incomplete discoid wing, complete discoid wing according to the outer periclinal walls of testa. Considering primary sculpting of seeds, irregularly striate and shallowly reticulate type is observed. Anticlinal walls of G. olivieri, G. boissieri and G. gelida are curved, while others are straight. G. lutea has the largest mean seed (4.20 x 4.40 mm), while G. cruciata (0.67 x 0.60 mm) and G. olivieri have the smallest mean seeds (0.67 x 0.67 mm). Seed micromorphology can be used together with morphological character to form classifications in studied specimens for Gentiana genus.

scholarly journals Contribution to the systematic knowledge of endemic Aubrieta pinardii Boiss. (Brassicaceae) from Turkey

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
Emrah Şirin ◽  
Mehmet Cengiz Karaismailoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Seed Surface ◽  
Cytological Data ◽  
Surface Ornamentation ◽  
Systematic Knowledge ◽  
Scanning Electron

The aim of this study was to document the taxonomical, morphological, anatomical, palynological and cytological characters, and geographical distribution of endemic Aubrieta pinardii Boiss. (Brassicaceae) from Turkey. The description of the taxon was revised as a consequence of comprehensive assessments of many specimens. The surface pictures belonging to seed and pollen of the taxon were obtained by Scanning Electron Microscope. The seed surface ornamentation was rugose. The pollen was radially and isopolar and prolate in forms, with polar axes of 19.52 ± 0.29 μm and equatorial axes of 13.04 ± 0.22 μm, with oval outlines in the equatorial axes, and elliptical in the polar axes. They were three–colpate and colpus sizes varied between 12.98 μm and 13.29 μm in length, and between 1.33 and 2.09 μm in width. Also, the anatomical structures of the root, stem and leaf of species were studied. In cytological studies, the chromosome number of species was found as 2n = 16 (x =8). This was the first work including taxonomical, morphological (macro and micro), anatomical and cytological data of endemic Aubrieta pinardii. Bangladesh J.Plant Taxon. 27(1): 27-35, 2020 (June)

A revision of the Rhododendron taipaoense complex (subg. Tsutsusi sect. Tsutsusi, Ericaceae), based on observations of morphological characters and seed micromorphology

Phytotaxa ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
XIAO-FENG JIN ◽  
BING-YANG DING ◽  
YING-YING ZHOU ◽  
SHUI-HU JIN ◽  
WANG-WEI YANG
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Principal Coordinate Analysis ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Leaf Color ◽  
Flower Number ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Corolla Length ◽  
Seed Micromorphology ◽  
Different Populations

In this paper, we present a revision of the Rhododenron taipaoense complex, including R. taipaoense and eight other named species, based on literature survey, field collections and observations, inspection of herbarium specimens, statistical analysis of morphological characters, and SEM observation of seed shape and testa. We evaluated all characters that have previously been used to diagnose these species: indumentum of young shoots and abaxial surfaces of leaves; filament dimensions; style base; leaf color, size, and apex shape; flower number per inflorescence; corolla length; and length of the stamen and pistil. Cluster analysis of 146 individuals showed that individuals from different populations are interdigitated, irrespective of traditional taxonomic limits. Analysis of morphological data using principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) likewise shows a continual gradation between populations, rather than disjunctures between named species. Consequently, only one species is recognized in the present paper, and R. apricum, R. falcinellum (R. apricum var. falcinellum), R. florulentum, R. hepticum, R. piceum, R. rufulum, R. spadiceum, and R. rufoindumentum (nom. nud.) are all reduced to synonyms of R. taipaoense.

scholarly journals Seed-coat anatomy and microsculpturing of the genus Erysimum (Brassicaceae) in Northeast of Iran

Phytotaxa ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 150 (1) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somayeh Ghaempanah ◽  
Hamid Ejtehadi ◽  
Jamil Vaezi ◽  
Mohammad Farsi
Keyword(s):  
Seed Coat ◽  
Basic Type ◽  
Palisade Layer ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Specific Level ◽  
Surface Sculpture ◽  
Seed Surface ◽  
Wing Width ◽  
Epidermal Cell Wall

In order to examine the systematic application of seed-coat characters in Erysimum (Brassicaceae) distributed in Northeast of Iran (Khorassan provinces), the seeds of nine species (14 populations) were examined using the light microscope (LM) and the scanning electron microscope (SEM). According to results of the LM, diagnostic characters at the specific level are seed shape, wing width, epidermal cell-wall shape, and seed-surface sculpture. The SEM investigation at high magnifications reveals that seven types of seed-surface sculpture pattern are distinguishable, including 1) reticulate, the basic type; 2) ocellate; 3) papillate; 4) reticulate-papillate; 5) scalariform; 6) ribbed; and 7) reticulate-ocellate. The seed coat typically consists of four layers, including the epidermis layer, the subepidermis layer, the sclerotic (or palisade) layer, and the parenchymatous layer. Some of the layers may be absent in some species. Finally, an identification key to the investigated taxa is provided based on the seed-coat characters used in this research.

Urocleidus aculeatus (Van Cleave and Mueller, 1932) (Monogenea: Ancyrocephalinae) from Stizostedion vitreum (Mitchill) (Pisces: Percidae) in eastern North America: anatomy and systematic position

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Suriano ◽  
M. Beverley-Burton
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New York State ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Stizostedion Vitreum ◽  
Generic Diagnosis ◽  
York State ◽  
Taxonomic Importance ◽  
Anatomical Characters

The anatomy of Urocleidus aculeatus (Van Cleave and Mueller, 1932) Mueller, 1934 from the gills of Stizostedion vitreum (Mitchill) in Ontario, Canada, and New York State, U.S. A., is redescribed. Urocleidus aculeatus is regarded as type species of Urocleidus Mueller, 1934 and a revised generic diagnosis is presented. The taxonomic importance of some anatomical characters and the possible origin of some ancyrocephaline forms are discussed.

The seed morphology and anatomy of the allium anisopodium on the seed genebank

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (03) ◽  
pp. 69-71
Author(s):  
Binderya G ◽  
Tumenjargal D
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Longitudinal Section ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
Seed Type ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Seed Surface ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight

The paper presents the results of the study on seed morphology and anatomy of Allium anisopodium Ldb. The seed shape is elliptic, glossy-black in color. The seed surface is scaly and its hilum appears in white color. The seed size is 1.7-2.1 mm long, 1.2-1.4 wide, 0.5-2.1 mm in thick and one thousand seed weight is 1.9 g. The anatomical structure is endospermic one cotyledons seed type. The seed coat thin and cotyledon is emphasized apparently from longitudinal section. The embryo is curved, coiled and black colored embryonic roots are relatively thick. The endosperm is surrounded by seed coat moreover between the cotyledon and embryo.

scholarly journals Morphological and anatomical features of seeds of Turkish Romulea taxa (Iridaceae) and their taxonomic significance

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Cengiz Karaismailoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Taxonomic Significance ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Taxonomic Importance ◽  
Anatomical Characters ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopes ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract This paper reports on the assessment of morphological (macro and micro) and anatomical characters of seeds of Romulea taxa distributed in Turkey with the use of oneway analysis of variance, cluster analysis and principal component analysis. Morphological characteristics such as size, shape, color and surface of seeds were examined with the use of light and scanning electron microscopes. Thicknesses of testa and phytomelan layer, sizes of embryo in seeds were studied anatomically. The outcomes revealed that taxa were similar in some aspects such as color and shape of seeds. However, seed size, thickness of testa and phytomelan layer, shape of the epidermal cells in testa and sizes of embryo were different among taxa, and have taxonomic value in the distinction of these taxa from each other. In addition, the seed surfaces were more or less different for the examined taxa on an interspecific level. Consequently, seed morphology and anatomy with a few exceptions demonstrated diversity and they had taxonomic importance in terms of distinguishing among species.

Seed coat morphology of some Turkish Campanula (Campanulaceae) species and its systematic implications

Biologia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tülay Akcin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Surface Features ◽  
Seed Surface ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Seed Coat Morphology ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractThe seed coat morphology of 10 Campanula species from Turkey, 3 of which are endemic, was studied using scanning electron microscopy. Characteristics of the seeds and their surface morphology were described and compared. Two different types were described based on seed surface features. The Type 1 seed surface was characterized by a reticulate pattern; only C. Olympica belonged to this type. The Type 2 seed surface had a striate testa and was the most common type. It included C. Lyrata subsp. lyrata, C. rapunculoides L. subsp. rapunculoides, C. glomerata L. subsp. hispida, C. involucrata, C. saxonorum, C. persicifolia, C. latiloba subsp. latiloba, C. lactiflora and C. Rapunculus L. var. lambertiana. However, some differences among these species were determined on the basis of their seed surface features at the microstructural level. These features were evaluated as possibly consistent parameters in the delimination of the Campanula taxa studied.

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