scholarly journals Evaluation of the China Pakistan Economic Corridor Road Network: Shortest Route, Regional Distribution, and Robustness

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-43
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Transportation Cost ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
The Road ◽  
Shortest Route ◽  
Balanced Distribution ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Alternate Routes

Purpose - The transport road network plays a significant role in the economic development of any country. An appropriate road network not only reduces transportation cost but it also serves as an infrastructural enabler for further economic development. The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is part of the Chinese “Belt and Road Initiative”, seeking better connectivity between Asia, Europe, and Africa. The major part of the CPEC project is the development of a road network linking the port city of Gwadar (Pakistan) with Kashgar (China). This paper focuses on the quantitative evaluation of alternate routes within the CPEC road network inside Pakistan with regard to travel times, road development in provinces, a balanced distribution of road network among provinces, and robustness against road closures. Methodology - The network is developed as an undirected graph with nodes as cities and edges as interlinking roads. Based on publicly available data, the paper identifies the shortest path from Gwadar to Khunjerab pass (Pakistan-China Border) and measures the distribution of the travelled distance among Pakistan’s provinces for each alternate route. Moreover, the robustness of road network is evaluated by a knock-out analysis. Results - The results showed that an unconsidered route by the planners promises the shortest travel time and that some proposed routes have significantly unbalanced share amongst provinces. There is a variation in robustness between the alternate routes, but with any route selected, the road network is able to remain functional even after closure of multiple connections. Practical Implications - This study provides a decision-making toolbox for analysis and policy-making related to economic corridors e.g. CPEC – which is at its inception phase, and still tied to limited availability of data. Originality - The present study is novel because no prior study has covered the road network analysis of CPEC. Also, robustness and topographical analyses with respect to CPEC have not previously been undertaken.

scholarly journals MODERN DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIA'S ROAD SECTOR: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-11
Author(s):  
Наталья Борисова ◽  
Natal'ya Borisova ◽  
Елена Егорова ◽  
Elena Egorova ◽  
Александр Борисов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
The Road ◽  
Modern Development ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Advanced Development

The article considers the most important component of the transport infrastructure - the road infrastructure, which at the same time is one of the most important spheres of economic activity. The socio-economic development of the Russian Federation has been studied, requiring advanced development and modernization of the road network as part of the transport infrastructure of the country and world space, as well as improving the technical level of road construction.

scholarly journals Data-Driven Bicycle Network Analysis Based on Traditional Counting Methods and GPS Traces from Smartphone

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Rupi ◽  
Cristian Poliziani ◽  
Joerg Schweizer
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
The Road ◽  
Total Deviation ◽  
Deviation Index ◽  
Shortest Route ◽  
Gps Traces ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
The City ◽  
Entire Network

This research describes numerical methods to analyze the absolute transport demand of cyclists and then to quantify the road network weaknesses of a city with the aim to identify infrastructure improvements in favor of cyclists. The methods are based on a combination of bicycle counts and map-matched GPS traces and are demonstrated with the city of Bologna, Italy: the dataset is based on approximately 27,500 GPS traces from cyclists, recorded over a period of one month on a volunteer basis using a smartphone application. A first method estimates absolute, city-wide bicycle flows, by scaling map-matched bicycle flows of the entire network to manual and instrumental bicycle counts of the main bikeways of the city. As there is a good correlation between the two sources of flow data, the absolute bike-flows on the entire network have been correctly estimated. A second method describes a novel link-deviation index, which quantifies for each network edge the total deviation generated for cyclists in terms of extra distances traveled with respect to the shortest possible route. The deviations are accepted by cyclists either to avoid unpleasant road attributes along the shortest route or to experience more favorable road attributes along the chosen route. The link deviation index indicates the planner which road links are contributing most to the total deviation of all cyclists – in this way, repelling and attracting road attributes for cyclists can be identified. This is why the deviation index is of practical help to prioritize bike infrastructure construction on individual road network links.

scholarly journals Connections between regional economic growth and motor transport infrastructure

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 936-940
Author(s):  
Piotr Pawlak
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Short Description ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Regional Economic Growth ◽  
General State ◽  
Road Infrastructure ◽  
Motor Transport ◽  
The Road

The article presents, in the short description, a link between the economic development of the region and the condition of its road infrastructure. The region selected for comparisons and analysis of this compounds is Eastern Poland. First, the characteristics of the selected region were discussed. Next, the general state of transport development of the country was described, in aspect of road infrastructure. The last part of the article discusses the issues of the region's economic growth in relation to its infrastructure situation, in connection with the condition and development of the road network. The presented material was concluded with a summary, which emphasized the existence of the tested compounds.

scholarly journals Data-driven Bicycle Network Analysis Based on Traditional Counting Methods and GPS Traces from Smartphone

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Rupi ◽  
Cristian Poliziani ◽  
Joerg Schweizer
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
The Road ◽  
Total Deviation ◽  
Shortest Route ◽  
Gps Traces ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
The City ◽  
Entire Network

This research describes numerical methods to analyze the absolute transport demand of cyclists and to quantify the road network weaknesses of a city with the aim to identify infrastructure improvements in favor of cyclists. The methods are based on a combination of bicycle counts and map-matched GPS traces. The methods are demonstrated with data from the city of Bologna, Italy: approximately 27,500 GPS traces from cyclists were recorded over a period of one month on a volunteer basis using a smartphone application. One method estimates absolute, city-wide bicycle flows by scaling map-matched bicycle flows of the entire network to manual and instrumental bicycle counts at the main bikeways of the city. As there is a fairly high correlation between the two sources of flow data, the absolute bike-flows of the entire network have been correctly estimated. Another method describes a novel, total deviation metric per link which quantifies for each network edge the total deviation generated for cyclists in terms of extra distances traveled with respect to the shortest possible route. The deviations are accepted by cyclists either to avoid unpleasant road attributes along the shortest route or to experience more favorable road attributes along the chosen route. The total deviation metric indicates to the planner which road links are contributing most to the total deviation of all cyclists. In this way, repellant and attractive road attributes for cyclists can be identified. This is why the total deviation metric is of practical help to prioritize bike infrastructure construction on individual road network links. Finally, the map-matched traces allow the calibration of a discrete choice model between two route alternatives, considering distance, share of exclusive bikeway, and share of low-priority roads.

scholarly journals CALCULATION AND VISUALIZATION OF MAP ROUTES USING QGIS AND PGROUTING SOFTWARE

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 86-98
Author(s):  
Andrei A. Basargin ◽  
◽  
Petr Yu. Bugakov ◽  
Tatyana Yu. Bugakova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Traveling Salesman ◽  
Shortest Path Algorithm ◽  
The Road ◽  
Shortest Route ◽  
Software Product ◽  
Geospatial Database ◽  
The Traveling Salesman Problem ◽  
Geospatial Databases

Recently, new tools have been created for working with geodata, which are used in various fields of human activity. Software for network analysis and routing solutions is of particular importance. The software product pgRouting is an example, distributed under the GPLv2 license. This program extends the capabilities of PostGIS / PostgreSQL geospatial databases. The article discusses the general principles of constructing routes on the graphs of the road network. It describes how to work with the geospatial database and the pgRouting software for building a route. The purpose of the work is to build a correct rout of a road graph in routing areas with a big number of objects and a poorly developed road network. The problem is solved by software pgRouting and QGIS on the basis of the Dijkstra shortest path algorithm, Johnson and Floyd-Warshall algorithms and allows you to solve the traveling salesman problem, and many others. The task is solved by means of software pgRouting и QGIS. As an experiment the article shows the solution for the task in which it is not enough to use only a road graph for building a correct route. Such situations may occur when routing the areas with a big number of objects and a poorly developed road network. In the process of the experiment described in the article it was found out that software pgRouting together with QGIS allows to rather effectively solve the task on calculation and visualization of the shortest route between two points on the map.

Coordination between Road Network and Economic Development Based on WPDEA

2011 ◽  
Vol 299-300 ◽  
pp. 1291-1294
Author(s):  
Xiao Li Lu ◽  
Dian Chao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Network Construction ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Social ◽  
Dalian City ◽  
Network Evaluation

This paper built a road network evaluation system on the basis of the theory and methods of road network construction projects, and then established WPDEA model for it. This model was applied in Dalian city, and the results indicated that the road network matched the social-economic in some years, but it didn’t match in outher years.

scholarly journals Temporal and spatial prediction of retailer growth

2018 ◽  
Vol 204 ◽  
pp. 01001
Author(s):  
Bertha Maya Sopha ◽  
Fredrika Makasenda ◽  
Anna Maria Sri Asih
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Transportation Cost ◽  
Spatial Prediction ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Minimum Requirement ◽  
The Road ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Yogyakarta City

Retailers have significantly affected good distribution and eventually transportation cost, traffic congestion, and pollution. Understanding spatial development of retailers is therefore of importance in planning logistics particularly in urban areas. The present research aims at predicting retailer growth both temporally and spatially. Both time-series forecasting using Holt’s model and spatial forecasting using ArcGIS were conducted. Results indicate that the existing retailers of Yogyakarta city have already exceeded the minimum requirement of retailers following the Indonesian National Standard, whereas other four districts have need of more retailers. Furthermore, it appears that the connectivity to the road network appears to be the important parameter in determining future location of retailers, contrasting traditional perspective of clustered location at central business area.

scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF SOCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT IN THE CONDITIONS OF ROAD CONCESSION DEVELOPMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-124
Author(s):  
O. Bilyk ◽  
◽  
Y. Blynda ◽  
N. Krokhmalna ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Public Private Partnership ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
The Road ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
Socio Economic Development

The road network is one of the most important branches of the economy, which performs the function of a kind of circulatory system in the complex organism of the country. It not only helps to meet the needs of the economy and the population in transportation, but together with the cities forms a "framework" of the territory, has a significant impact on the dynamism and efficiency of socio-economic development of individual regions and the country as a whole. World experience shows that without a developed transport, automotive network can not create an efficient market economy. Ensuring the development of the road network and improvement their transport and operational condition is a necessary condition for further socio-economic development of the state and society. Unsatisfactory condition of the road network has a negative impact on the social and economic situation of the country, international image and key indicators such as gross domestic product, development of productive forces, state budget revenues, employment, performance of road and other modes of transport and more. The level of financing the road networks for the last 10 years makes 14-34 percent of the minimum necessary need for repair and maintenance of a network of highways defined by scientists. Due to insufficient funding, the pace of implementation of new technologies, machines, mechanisms, modern materials and structures is slow and does not meet current needs. The process of business investment in the road industry in Ukraine in modern conditions is risky due to imperfect legislation, low development of technology, which can be eliminated through the introduction of concession approaches in the development of the industry. The impact of public-private partnership on social risks is considered and ways to minimize them are suggested. Solving the problems of financial support for the repair, reconstruction and maintenance of roads requires the integration of State efforts, regional and local authorities, research and practice of their application, legal framework, as well as financial and material resources in international and Euroregional cooperation . It should be noted that the most problematic in terms of effective provision of transportation by state roads are sections of roads on international transport corridors. On the one hand, the financial and economic capabilities of the state and the region are still insufficient for their reconstruction, and on the other - the postponement of these problems has a negative impact on the national economy and contradicts international trends, prospects for the transport network. The object of the article is the process of applying the concession to improve the financing of costs for repair, reconstruction and maintenance of roads in terms of social risks. The subject of the article is the socio-economic relations between the subjects of the concession and the public. The main purpose of the article is to substantiate the need for the introduction of a road concession, taking into account developed recommendations for social risk management. In accordance with the purpose of the article, the authors set the following goals: - definition and analysis of the conditions of public-private partnership in Ukraine; - identification of the causes and consequences of the development of social risks in terms of road concessions based on the analysis of international experience in the application of tolls on highways; - substantiation of the main directions of social risk management in the conditions of the road concession and formation of the corresponding conclusions. The result of research is the authors' proposed ways to minimize social risks in terms of road concessions.

scholarly journals Using fMRI to Explore the Influence of Road Network Patterns on Geospatial Cognition

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Liu ◽  
Weihua Dong ◽  
Lin Zhu ◽  
Huiping Liu ◽  
Liqiu Meng
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Statistical Parametric Mapping ◽  
Road Networks ◽  
Frame Of Reference ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Route Selection ◽  
The Road ◽  
Shortest Route ◽  
Selection Tasks ◽  
Network Patterns

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Road networks play an important role in our daily life. People strongly interact with roads in commuting and tourism. The road network patterns influence human cognition, behaviour and the road safety. However, how the influence takes places remains unclear. In this paper, we experiment with fMRI (functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging) to explore the influence of regular and irregular road networks on spatial cognition. Nine subjects were asked to accomplish orientation and shortest-route-selection tasks in both a regular and an irregular road network using street view. SPM (Statistical Parametric Mapping) was used to analyse the brain activities in the process. The results of orientation tasks show more activation in the middle frontal gyrus, relating to cognition, the superior frontal gyrus, relating to voluntary movement and eye movement, and the medial frontal gyrus, relating to executive process in irregular road network. The results indicate that the orientation task in an irregular road network is more demanding and requires more information. For shortest route selection tasks in both road networks, no common active brain areas among different subjects were found. This indicates that the associated cognition process is hardly influenced by road network patterns. In summary, orientation tasks are harder for subjects in irregular road networks, while the cognition difficulty is almost the same for shortest-route-selection tasks in regular and irregular road networks. Besides, subjects tend to use egocentric frame of reference more and switch between ego- and allocentric frame of reference more frequently in irregular road networks.</p>

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