STUDY OF EMOTIONAL STATE AND MEANING SPHERE IN WOMEN WHO CONSCIOUSLY REFUSED MEDICAL SUPPORT DURING PREGNANCY

The article deals with the relevance of studying the phenomenon of motherhood in modern society in various aspects. It is assumed that the features of the level of psycho-emotional tension can be considered as an indicator of the actual functional state in women during pregnancy. The presence of two competing dominant foci in the perinatal period, represented as: motherhood and career, motherhood and independence, motherhood and life support of the family, motherhood and selfdevelopment, lead to the development of intrapersonal conflict. Resolution of intrapersonal conflict leads to an increase in psycho-emotional tension. Quantitative determination of the vegetative coefficient and the total deviation from the autogenic norm allows you to identify the level of psycho-emotional tension. Significant differences in the severity of the vegetative coefficient and the total deviation from the autogenic norm in women who consciously refused medical support during the period of pregnancy are described.

How to handle the delayed or the missed dose of edoxaban in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: model-informed remedial strategy

Aim: Edoxaban is a non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant (NOAC) widely used for long-term stroke prevention in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). Adherence to NOACs is unsatisfactory and decreases over time. The aim of this study was to explore appropriated remedial dosing regimens for non-adherent edoxaban-treated NVAF patients through the Monte Carlo simulation. Methods: Six proposed regimens were compared with the recommendations in the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) guide regarding the trough total deviation time considering both edoxaban plasma concentration and inactive factor Xa activity. Monte Carlo simulations were performed using RxODE based on the published population pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics model. Results: The proposed remedial strategies were different from EHRA recommendations and were related to delay duration. The missed dose can be taken immediately if the delay time is within 11 h. When the delay period is between 12 and 19 h, a half dose followed by a regular dosing schedule is recommended. When the delay time exceeds 19 h, a full dose followed by a half dose is preferred compared to that recommended in the EHRA guide. Our proposed strategies resulted in a shorter total deviation time than EHRA guide. Conclusion: PK/PD modelling and simulation are effective in developing and evaluating the remedial strategies of edoxaban, which could help maximize its therapeutic effect.

Investigation of progression pattern and associated risk factors in glaucoma patients with initial paracentral scotomas using Humphrey 10-2

Central visual field (VF) progression could directly threaten patientss visual function compared to glaucomatous damage. This study was designed to investigate visual field (VF) progression pattern and associated risk factors including optical coherence topography angiographic (OCT-A) findings in glaucoma patients with initial paracentral scotoma. This prospective, observational study included 122 eyes presenting as initial paracentral scotomas with serial 24-2 and 10-2 VF tests at the glaucoma clinic of Seoul St Mary's Hospital between November 2017 and August 2020. The participants underwent at least 5 serial VF exams and OCT-A at baseline. Numerical values of the initial and final 10-2 VF tests were averaged for each VF test point using the total deviation map. Innermost 10-2 VF progression was defined as three or more new contiguous points at the central 12 points on 10-2 VF. Other clinical characteristics were collected including history of disc hemorrhage and vessel density (VD) was measured from OCT-A images. Linear regression analysis was performed to obtain the change of mean deviation and a cut-off for progression was defined for both 24-2 and 10-2 VFs. The average total deviation maps of the initial 10-2 VF tests shows initial paracentral scotoma located in the superior region in an arcuate pattern that was deep in the 4°–6° region above fixation. This arcuate pattern was more broadly located in the 4°–10° region in the primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) group, while it was closer to fixation in 0°–4° region in the normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) group. The final average map shows deepening of scotomas in the 4°–10° region in POAG, which deepened closer to the region of fixation in NTG. The diagnosis of NTG (β 1.892; 95% CI 1.225–2.516; P = 0.035) and lower choroidal VD in the peripapillary atrophy (PPA) region (β 0.985; 95% CI 0.975 to 0.995; P = 0.022) were significantly related to innermost 10-2 VF progression. Initial paracentral scotomas in NTG tended to progress closer to the region of fixation, which should be monitored closely. Important progression risk factors related to paracentral scotoma near the fixation were the diagnosis of NTG and reduced choroidal VD in the β-zone PPA region using OCT-A. We should consider vascular risk factors in NTG patients presenting with initial paracentral scotoma to avoid vision threatening progression of glaucoma.

Slowed Saccadic Reaction Times in Seemingly Normal Parts of Glaucomatous Visual Fields

Purpose: In eye movement perimetry, peripheral stimuli are confirmed by goal-directed eye movements toward the stimulus. The saccadic reaction time (SRT) is regarded as an index of visual field responsiveness, whereas in standard automated perimetry (SAP), the visual field sensitivity is tested. We investigated the relation between visual field sensitivity and responsiveness in corresponding locations of the visual field in healthy controls and in patients with mild, moderate and advanced glaucoma.Materials and Methods: Thirty-four healthy control subjects and 42 glaucoma patients underwent a 54-point protocol in eye movement perimetry (EMP) and a 24-2 SITA standard protocol in a Humphrey Field Analyzer. The visual field points were stratified by total deviation sensitivity loss in SAP into 6 strata. A generalized linear mixed model was applied to determine the influence of the various factors.Results: The generalized linear mixed model showed that the mean SRT increased with increasing glaucoma severity, from 479 ms in the control eyes to 678 ms in the eyes of patients with advanced glaucoma (p < 0.001). Mean SRTs significantly increased with increasing SAP sensitivity loss. Even at the locations where no sensitivity loss was detected by SAP (total deviation values greater or equal than 0 dB), we found lengthened SRTs in mild, moderate and advanced glaucoma compared to healthy controls (p < 0.05) and in moderate and advanced glaucoma compared to mild glaucoma (p < 0.05). At locations with total deviation values between 0 and −3 dB, −3 and −6 dB and −6 and −12 dB, we found similar differences.Conclusions: The lengthened SRT in areas with normal retinal sensitivities in glaucomatous eyes, i.e., planning and execution of saccades to specific locations, precede altered sensory perception as assessed with SAP. Better understanding of altered sensory processing in glaucoma might allow earlier diagnosis of emerging glaucoma.

ANAMOLY IN ‘MUHURTA TIME’ OF TIRUMALA VENKATESWARA SWĀMIVĀRI BRAHMOTSAVAM

The starting time or commencement of , an annual festival, at the Lord Venkateswara Temple at , celebrated by (TTD) is a total deviation from injunction whereas an additional festival celebrated in an once in three years comes unaware in total conformity with prescription of the ‘ time” for the commencement of this most sacred and important temple ritual. The rectification of the deviation occurring due to the erroneous astronomical positions of planets, the Sun and the Moon, in the Luni-Solar Indian almanac (TTD ) is discussed here with a suggestion of rectification of in the “ Time” for the of the Planet and all life living on it.

Introducing a Formula for Obtaining the Total Deviation Index in Aging Studies

Objectives: Since the study on the elderly people and recording related data requires more accuracy, the calculation of measurement error is very important. This study aims to introduce a simple formula to obtain and interpret the Total Deviation Index (TDI) and encourage researchers to use it as a suitable tool to determine the reliability in psychometrics studies. Methods & Materials: In this cross-sectional study conducted in 2019, participants were 105 older adults living in Tehran, Iran. The 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaire was completed by them within two weeks. The Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and TDI values were calculated and compared for each subscale of the SF-36. Results: The lowest TDI value belonged to the “physical functioning” subscale, while the “emotional problems” subscale had the highest TDI value. At a 95% confidence interval, the maximum measurement errors in physical functioning and emotional problems were reported 22 and 34 (out of 100), respectively. Conclusion: Since the ICC cannot determine how much of the difference in the subscale scores is related to the measurement error, and given the simple interpretation of the TDI, it is recommended that researchers use the proposed formula and obtain the TDI value for the reliability in psychometrics studies.

A New Quantile Estimation Method of Weibull-Rayleigh Distribution

In this paper, we compared different Parameter Estimation method of the two parameter Weibull-Rayleigh Distribution (W-RD) namely; Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE), Least Square Estimation method (LSE) and three methods of Quartile Estimators. Two of the quartile methods have been applied in literature, while the third method (Q1-M) is introduced in this work. The methods have been applied to simulate data. These methods of estimation were compared using Error, Mean Square Error and Total Deviation (TD) which is also known as Sum Absolute Error Estimate (SAEE). The analytical results show that the performances of all the parameter estimation methods were satisfactory with data set of Weibull-Rayleigh distribution while degree of accuracy is determined by the sample size. The proposed quartile (Q1-M) method has the least Total Deviation and MSE. In addition, the quartile methods perform better than MLE for the simulated data. In particular, the proposed quartile methods (Q1-M) have an added advantage of simplicity in usage than MLE methods.

Analisis Penyimpangan Sawah, Produktivitas dan Kenbutuhan Pupuk N, P, K pada PAdi Sawah Irigasi di KAbupaten Bireuen

Abstrak : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui luas penyimpangan lahan sawah irigasi, produktivitas dan kebutuhan pupuk N, P, K pada padi sawah irigasi perkecamatan di Kabupaten Bireuen. Penelitian telah dilakukan pada bulan Agustus 2016 sampai dengan Februari 2017, di Kabupaten Bireuen. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey deskriptif yaitu melakukan peninjauan penyimpangan lahan ke lapangan berdasarkan pada Peta Overlay antara RTRW Bireuen 2013 dengan Google Earth 2016, untuk data produksi diambil jumlah sampel 10% dari jumlah desa disetiap kecamatan dan setiap desa diambil satu orang petani. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi penyimpangan di Kabupaten Bireuen dengan total 2.783,41 ha. Penyimpangan lahan yang paling luas terjadi di Kecamatan Jeumpa dengan luas 671,66 ha, Penyimpangan lahan sawah terkecil terdapat di Kecamatan Kota Juang dengan luas lahan 74,33 ha. Penyimpangan yang dominan adalah perumahan. Produktivitas padi sawah di Kabupaten Bireuen adalah 6,22 ton ha-1, rata-rata produktivitas padi perkecamatan berkisar antara 4,59 ton ha-1 sampai dengan 7,81 ton ha-1 dan Kecamatan Simpang Mamplam memiliki produktivitas tertinggi yaitu 7,81 ton ha-1. Kebutuhan pupuk urea untuk lahan sawah di Kabupaten Bireuen berjumlah 3.642,44 ton, SP36 1.142,73 ton dan KCl 912,69 ton untuk sekali tanam dan Kecamatan Simpang Mamplam merupakan kecamatan yang paling banyak membutuhkan pupuk yaitu Urea 362,14 ton, SP36 181,07 ton dan KCl 181,07 ton. Analysis of Field Deviation, Productivity and N,P,K Fertilizer Need on Irrigated Rice Field at BireunAbstract :The goal of this research is to seek the information about how extent the deviation that happened at irrigated field area. In addition, this research also concerned on productivity and N,P,K fertilizer need on irrigated rice field at every sub-district in Bireun. This research has been done on August 2016 till February 2017 at Bireun. The methodology that was used on this research was descriptive survey method, this method will observes the area deviation to the field based on Overlay map between Bireun RTRW in 2013 and Google Earth 2016. TheProduction data was obtained through taking 10 % of the research sample. The sample is every village in sub-district and every village take one farmer. The result of this research indicated that there was deviation at Bireuen district with the total deviation 2.783,41 ha. The widest area deviation happened at Jeumpa with the total deviation 671, 66 ha. The smallest area deviation happened at Kota Juang with the total area 74,33 ha. The dominant deviation that happened was housing. The field Productivity at Bireun district was 6,22 ton ha-1, the average of rice productivity per sub-district turned to the number between 4,59 ton ha1 to 7,81 ton ha-1. The total need of urea fertilizer for field area at Bireun district was 3.642,44 ton, SP36 was 1142,73 ton and KCl was 181,07 ton.Penyimpangan; Produktivitas; Pupuk; Peta Eksisting Deviation; productivity; Fertilizer; Existing Map;