scholarly journals Kunta ja muuttuva osallistuminen

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-52
Author(s):  
Kaisa Kurkela
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Institutional Change ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Organizational Model ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
The City ◽  
Structural Solutions

This is a case study, carried out with a strategy of action research. This study concerns the organizational model of citizen participation in the city of Vantaa.  The research questions are:  What are the incentives for developing citizen participation in municipalities, and how is the multifarious participation carried out in municipality. The data consists of interviews of key actors (8), documents, diaries, and a workshop diary. An important incentive for development seems to be regulation concerning participation, the general and local discussion concerning democracy and the experiences from already existing variety of participation activities. When it comes to the process of development good pilots and adequate support and activity are important factors. Structural solutions are needed but at the same time there is an attempt to keep participation as resilience as possible. The results conclude, that development of participation can be observed as an institutional change.

scholarly journals Citizen Participation and Machine Learning for a Better Democracy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Procter ◽  
Miguel Arana-Catania ◽  
Felix-Anselm van Lier ◽  
Nataliya Tkachenko ◽  
Yulan He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Information Overload ◽  
City Council ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Democratic Systems ◽  
The City

The development of democratic systems is a crucial task as confirmed by its selection as one of the Millennium Sustainable Development Goals by the United Nations. In this article, we report on the progress of a project that aims to address barriers, one of which is information overload, to achieving effective direct citizen participation in democratic decision-making processes. The main objectives are to explore if the application of Natural Language Processing (NLP) and machine learning can improve citizens? experience of digital citizen participation platforms. Taking as a case study the ?Decide Madrid? Consul platform, which enables citizens to post proposals for policies they would like to see adopted by the city council, we used NLP and machine learning to provide new ways to (a) suggest to citizens proposals they might wish to support; (b) group citizens by interests so that they can more easily interact with each other; (c) summarise comments posted in response to proposals; (d) assist citizens in aggregating and developing proposals. Evaluation of the results confirms that NLP and machine learning have a role to play in addressing some of the barriers users of platforms such as Consul currently experience.

scholarly journals Urban sprawl and citizen participation. A case study in the municipality of La Pobla de Vallbona (Valencia)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Gielen ◽  
Yaiza Pérez Alonso ◽  
José Sergio Palencia Jiménez ◽  
Asenet Sosa Espinosa
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Mediterranean Coast ◽  
City Council ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
High Dispersion ◽  
Good Government ◽  
The City

The accelerated urban growth of the last decades in Europe has caused, especially in the Spanish Mediterranean coast, a paradigm shift in much cities, moving from a mostly compact urban form to a more diffuse one. The concept of city has changed so much that even in a lot of dispersed municipalities, it becomes difficult to define its limits. This change implies not only ecological and economic impacts, but also, social effects. Urban sprawl makes difficult social interaction and reduces the community feeling, and therefore, social cohesion and identity. This produces also changes in the relations of citizens between them and with the city council. The research propounds a discussion about the challenges that the urban sprawl causes for the application of participative models in the decision making, understanding them as basic criterion of good government. We analyze a case study to extract the complexity of articulating processes of citizen participation in territory with high dispersion based on a project carried out in the municipality of La Pobla de Vallbona (Valencia) on participatory budgets. It analyzes the results of the process carried out in relation to the urban model, the morphology of their urban pieces and spatial structure, and the demographic and social characteristics of the municipality. The question is identifying the problematic for the articulation of participative processes in territories with this idiosyncrasy. Finally, the article suggests a series of strategic lines as starting points to achieve participatory processes in the city characterized by urban sprawl.

scholarly journals Om sammenhenger mellom forskningsspørsmål, aksjonsforskning, casestudier og generalisering

2020 ◽  
pp. 163-189
Author(s):  
Kristin Emilie Willumsen Bjørndal ◽  
Svein-Erik Andreassen
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Action Research ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of the article is to contribute to the discussion about the relationship between action research with qualitative data and generalization. Working towards this purpose, we look into two other elements of research design. These two are research questions and case study as a research strategy. We apply theoretical concepts about different types of action research, different types of case study and different types of generalization in qualitative research. We also derive various formulations of constructive research questions. By experimenting with compilations of the theoretical concepts and the various formulations of constructive research questions, we promote a possible mindset about how different types of action research can justify ambition or not ambition of generalization.

Citizen Participation via Mobile Applications

2022 ◽  
pp. 988-996
Author(s):  
Lisa Beutelspacher ◽  
Agnes Mainka ◽  
Tobias Siebenlist
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Mobile Applications ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Smartphone Apps ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Current State ◽  
Points Of Interest ◽  
Game Elements ◽  
The City

Participatory smartphone apps empower citizens to interact with the city's administration. The purpose of this case study is to investigate the current state of participatory apps in Germany. Within this study, we examined 248 applications aimed at strengthening citizen participation. These apps were found in Google Playstore and Apple Appstore using search terms extracted from the relevant literature. Many of the apps give users the opportunity to report problems within their cities, such as broken street lamps or potholes. The information created and disseminated by the citizens through the app mainly includes the topics “mobility” and “environment.” Information provided by the city itself is much more diverse. Topics such as “Points of Interest,” “News and Events,” “Government” or “City Services” can be identified here. In the southern part of Germany, there is a significantly larger number of municipalities which have a citizen participation app. None of the apps examined uses gamification, although the use of game elements is very promising to foster the engagement and motivation of citizens.

A Methodological Approach for Creating Urban Commons of Wellness in Public Open Spaces in the City of Chania

2022 ◽  
pp. 47-68
Author(s):  
Sofia Mavroudi ◽  
Panagiotis Parthenios
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
The Public ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Urban Commons ◽  
The City ◽  
Public Open Spaces

To investigate the wellbeing factor within the urban context, the authors developed a methodological process for understanding and recreating the term “wellness” focusing on the public open spaces of the city. Using as case study the city of Chania, this research firstly proposes the assessment of four well-being indicators in specific areas of the city linking their effect on people's disposition and then uses the generated data for the redesign of public open spaces in terms of strengthening urban prosperity, with a comprehensive six-step methodology that combines participatory processes and methods based on GIS technologies. This chapter is structured into three main sections as follows: the first section elaborates on the research questions and justification of methods used, the second proceeds with the analysis of the proposed methodology while the third section highlights its overall assessment. Finally, some concluding remarks are expressed for further research.

Citizen Participation via Mobile Applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 18-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Beutelspacher ◽  
Agnes Mainka ◽  
Tobias Siebenlist
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Mobile Applications ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Smartphone Apps ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Current State ◽  
Points Of Interest ◽  
Game Elements ◽  
The City

Participatory smartphone apps empower citizens to interact with the city's administration. The purpose of this case study is to investigate the current state of participatory apps in Germany. Within this study, we examined 248 applications aimed at strengthening citizen participation. These apps were found in Google Playstore and Apple Appstore using search terms extracted from the relevant literature. Many of the apps give users the opportunity to report problems within their cities, such as broken street lamps or potholes. The information created and disseminated by the citizens through the app mainly includes the topics “mobility” and “environment.” Information provided by the city itself is much more diverse. Topics such as “Points of Interest,” “News and Events,” “Government” or “City Services” can be identified here. In the southern part of Germany, there is a significantly larger number of municipalities which have a citizen participation app. None of the apps examined uses gamification, although the use of game elements is very promising to foster the engagement and motivation of citizens.

scholarly journals Internal and External Transparency in Public-Private Partnerships—The Case of Barcelona’s Water Provision

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1777
Author(s):  
Monica Reig ◽  
Mila Gasco-Hernandez ◽  
Marc Esteve
Keyword(s):  
Public Services ◽  
Qualitative Case Study ◽  
Open Government ◽  
Public Private Partnerships ◽  
Services Delivery ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Water Provision ◽  
The City ◽  
Depth Interviews

Despite the efforts devoted to open government, transparency is mainly considered an issue for public organizations. However, various tasks such as public services delivery and management are being increasingly privatized or outsourced to public-private partnerships (PPPs). Our study aims to contribute towards bridging this gap by answering two research questions: (1) What determines internal and external transparency in PPPs? and (2) To what extent does internal transparency contribute to external transparency? We answer these questions through a qualitative case study, consisting of 38 in-depth interviews, on the transparency in water provision and management in the city of Barcelona. We conclude that in the case of PPPs, even when the service provided is excellent, transparency goes beyond making data available; thus, politicians and managers must build a narrative around the data they provide that guides citizens and partners in their interpretation of the information. Furthermore, our results show that internal transparency influences external transparency.

scholarly journals Land Value in a Disaster-Prone Urbanized Coastal Area: A Case Study from Semarang City, Indonesia

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1187
Author(s):  
Erlis Saputra ◽  
Inge Satna Ariyanto ◽  
Rizki Adriadi Ghiffari ◽  
Moh Syahrul Irfan Fahmi
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Land Value ◽  
City Center ◽  
Public Facilities ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
The City ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Slow Onset

Coastal areas have been growing massively worldwide. The fast growth also affects the land value in either a positive or a negative way. Many scholars have studied land value and the factors that affect it in areas prone to sudden-onset disasters. In contrast, studies on urbanized coastal areas that suffer from slow-onset disasters are still lacking. Using a case study from Semarang City in Indonesia, this research aims at ameliorating this limitation. To comprehensively understand the aim, two research questions are addressed: (1) What is the distribution of land value in urbanized coastal areas? (2) How do the different distribution factors determine the land value? Based on in-depth interviews with key persons, map analyses, and desk studies, this research discovers that land value is distributed randomly among coastal areas. The dynamics of land value are determined by road access, distance, and accessibility to the city center and CBD, public facilities, transportation facilities, population composition, physical environment, and disasters. Surprisingly, the coastal areas in Semarang that experience combined disasters showed that disasters could not decrease the land value; the value in some areas is constant or even increasing. This shows the different impacts of disasters on land value for slow-onset disasters and sudden-onset disasters.

Institutional change, entrepreneuring and place: Building a Smart State

2021 ◽  
pp. 017084062110532
Author(s):  
Jonathan Staggs ◽  
April Wright ◽  
Lee Jarvis
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Change ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Field Change ◽  
Longitudinal Case Study ◽  
Organizational Fields ◽  
Research Production ◽  
The City ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Over Time

We shed new light on the processes through which institutions are created and changed by investigating the question how does institutional entrepreneuring unfold in an already organized world. We conducted a longitudinal case study of the field of scientific research production in Australia, which changed over three decades through entrepreneuring processes associated with the creation of a new ‘Smart State’ place in the city of Brisbane in Queensland. A new place is a form of organizing human activity that has materiality and meaning at a specific geographic location. Our findings showed how field change was interwoven with place creation through four processes of entrepreneuring: structural emancipation, dissociating and reimagining place meanings, bricolaging of place forms, and co-evolving place identities. These entrepreneuring processes constituted the field as a flow of ‘becoming’ that spilled over into temporary and provisional settlements in local places. Our findings make important contributions through: (1) deepening understanding of how organizational fields change through multilevel, distributed, cascading and often unreflexive processes of entrepreneuring processes in an already organized world, (2) bringing attention to a relationship between institutions and place, in which place is both the medium and outcome of institutional entrepreneuring, and (3) providing new insight into embedded agency by illustrating how institutions in ‘becoming’ continually (re)produce the resources and possibilities for agency within gradual institutional change over time.

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