Study of pressure impact on atmospheric residue hdyrocracking in the presence of oil shales

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-51
Author(s):  
A.E. Alizadeh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Gasoline Fraction ◽  
Light Petroleum ◽  
Oil Refineries ◽  
Hydrocracking Process ◽  
Atmospheric Residue ◽  
Pressure Impact ◽  
Oil Shales ◽  
Diesel Fractions

The paper presents the results of hydrocracking process of atmospheric residue in the presence of oil shales as an alternative crude, studies the pressure influence on hydrocracking process as well. It is reveled that the organic and mineral parts of oil shales activate thermal conversions of petroleum products. The pressure impact on the process was studied in the interval of 1−4 MPa in the temperature of 450 оС. It was defined that with the pressure boost from 1.0 up to 2 MPa (in 450 оС) the yield of light petroleum products increases from 68 to 70 % mass, with the further pressure rise from 2 to 4 MPa the yield of light petroleum products increases up to 72 % mass, and the coke amount decreases from 3.5 to 2 %. In the result of pressure boost from 1 to 4 MPa (in 450 оС) the yield of gasoline fraction increases from 28.8 up to 29.2 % mass, and the diesel from 39.2 up to 42.2 %. The gasoline fraction obtained due to the atmospheric residue hydrocracking in the pre-sence of oil shales is stable and characterized with the insignificant amount of aromatic and unsaturated hydrocarbons in the composition. Octane number is equal to 70-80 p. After hydrotreatment the gasoline and diesel fractions may be used as fuels. The composition of obtained gas allows applying it as a fuel in the oil refineries.

scholarly journals OIL SPILL INCIDENTS AND DISPERSANT APPLICATIONS IN KUWAIT

1987 ◽  
Vol 1987 (1) ◽  
pp. 247-253
Author(s):  
Salah M. Al-Mazidi ◽  
Omar Samhan
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Coastal Environment ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
Oil Refineries ◽  
North And South

ABSTRACT Since the discovery of oil in Kuwait, most oil-related activities have been located along the coastline 50 km south of Kuwait City. Other related industrial activities have been developed in this area apart from oil and petroleum products export in order to diversify the national sources of income. For these reasons, the potential for large oil spills in Kuwait's marine environment is highest along the south coast, where oil refineries and exporting facilities are located. An average of 219 barrels of oil were spilled annually between 1979 and 1985, and 2,100 gallons of dispersants were used in cleanup operations. The majority of incidents involved less than 5 barrels of oil and 500 gallons of dispersants. Incidents involving more than 100 barrels of oil and 5,000 gallons of dispersants were confined to the Sea Island and Mina Al-Ahmadi North and South Piers. This distribution undoubtedly affects the concentration of petroleum residues in various components of the marine environment, resulting in an increase in tar ball density along this coast, reaching a maximum at Ras Az-Zor, and significantly higher levels of vanadium and petroleum hydrocarbons in sediments and oysters collected south of Mina Al-Ahmadi. The objective of this paper is to report on the number, volume, and frequency distribution of oil spill incidents in Kuwait and the usage of dispersants in cleanup operations. Vanadium and petroleum hydrocarbon concentrations also are described as is the sensitivity of the southern coastal environment to oil spills. Recommendations have been made on how to conduct cleanup operations for any future oil spill incidents along the southern shoreline of Kuwait.

scholarly journals Revealing the effect of catalyst concentration on the process of fuel oil refining using the technology of aerosol nano catalysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (6 (109)) ◽  
pp. 64-71
Author(s):  
Serhii Leonenko ◽  
Sergey Kudryavtsev ◽  
Irene Glikina ◽  
Vadym Tarasov ◽  
Olena Zolotarova
Keyword(s):  
Zeolite Catalyst ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Light Hydrocarbons ◽  
Oil Processing ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Catalytically Active ◽  
Catalytic Processing ◽  
Diesel Fractions

The primary oil processing product is a mixture of different hydrocarbons. One of the hard-to-process petroleum products is fuel oil. This paper considers a method to derive clear (light) fractions of petroleum products by the catalytic processing of fuel oil on a zeolite-containing catalyst at 1 atm under the technological conditions of aerosol nanocatalysis. The prospect of the catalytic processing of a viscous residue ‒ fuel oil ‒ has been analyzed and estimated. The process is carried out by dispersing the catalytically active component in a vibratory-fluidized layer. Chemical transformation occurs during the constant mechanochemical activation of catalyst particles by forming an aerosol cloud in the reactive volume. Natural zeolite catalyst of the type Y was selected for research. Methods for separating the gasoline and diesel fractions of light hydrocarbons and for analyzing the gas phase have been given. The effect of the concentration of zeolite catalyst aerosol on the composition of cracking products (the yield of the gasoline and diesel fractions of light hydrocarbons) has been studied. It is noted that the rate of the course of fuel oil processing in the aerosol of the catalyst is 1.5‒2 times higher than that in thermal processing. It has been found that in fuel oil processing based on the aerosol nanocatalysis technology, the concentration of the catalyst can be controlled to produce the final product. The study results have shown that the optimal conditions for processing fuel oil in the aerosol of the catalyst should be considered 773 K, a frequency of 5 Hz, a pressure of 1 atm. At the same time, a concentration of the catalyst of 1‒5 g/m3 should be considered optimal for the output of a light fraction of hydrocarbons. In this case, the yield is up to 80 % of the fraction in the laboratory. It was found out that during the processing of fuel oil, the concentration of the catalyst makes it possible to optimize the output of light oil products under the technological conditions of aerosol nanocatalysis

A technology for multifunctional hydroprocessing of oil residues (vacuum residue and atmospheric residue) on the catalysts with hierarchical porosity

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 331-360
Author(s):  
E. V. Parkhomchuk ◽  
K. V. Fedotov ◽  
A. I. Lysikov ◽  
A. V. Polykhin ◽  
E. E. Vorobyeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Material Balance ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Vacuum Residue ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Marine Fuel ◽  
Delayed Coking ◽  
Oil Refineries ◽  
Atmospheric Residue

A technology for catalytic hydroprocessing of oil residues – atmospheric residue and vacuum residue – aimed to obtain high value added petrochemicals, particularly marine fuel complying with modern technical and environmental requirements, is reported. The technologyis based on the use of catalysts supported on alumina with a hierarchical structure of meso- and macropores, which are highly active and stable under severe conditions of the process. Data obtained by physicochemical analysis of the chemical composition, textural and phase properties of fresh and spent catalysts for the three-step hydroprocessing of atmospheric residue and vacuum residue are presented. A material balance for each step of the processes and a comprehensive analysis of the properties of produced petrochemicals were used to propose variants of implementing and integrating the technology at Russian oil refineries in order to increase the profit from oil refining. The introduction of the hydroprocessing of atmospheric residue at oil refineries without secondary processes will improve the economic efficiency due to selling the atmospheric residue by 84–170 % depending on a chosen scheme of the process and a required set of products. It is reasonable to integrate the catalytic hydroprocessing of vacuum residue with the delayed coking, catalytic cracking and hydrocracking processes in order to increase the depth of refining to 95 % and extend the production of marketable oil refining products: gasoline, diesel fuel, marine fuel with the sulfur content below 0.5 %, and low-sulfur refinery coke for the electrode industry. The integration of the hydroprocessing of vacuum residue with the secondary processes will increase the economic efficiency from selling the vacuum residue by a factor of 2–2.5 in comparison with its production in delayed coking units.

Involvement of products of thermal processing of polymer waste into the raw material pool of oil refinery plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 05 ◽  
pp. 42-49
Author(s):  
M.P. Usmanov ◽  
◽  
P.P. Gimaletdinov ◽  
S.F. Valeev ◽  
F.P. Zainullov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Processing ◽  
Cetane Number ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Organosulfur Compounds ◽  
Polymer Waste ◽  
Oil Refineries ◽  
Diesel Fuels ◽  
Potential Component ◽  
Diesel Fractions

The directions of involving the products of thermal processing of polymer waste into the raw material pool of oil refineries are considered. A detailed analysis of fractions 85-180 oC, 180-360 oC and 360-KK oC, isolated from thermolysis products, has been carried out. Fractions 85-180 °C, 180-360 °C of thermolysis oil are characterized by a high content of organosulfur compounds, which necessitates their hydrotreating before use. After desulfurization, gasoline and diesel fractions can be used in the composition of gasoline and diesel fuels, respectively. The diesel fraction of 180-360 °C of thermolysis oil has a high cetane number and can be considered as a cetane-increasing component. Fraction 360-КК оС thermolysis oil is a potential component of catalytic cracking feedstock. The highest degree of conversion and the yield of valuable components (gasoline, propylene, butane-butene fraction) are achieved during cracking of feedstock containing 30 wt. % of the heavy part of thermolysis oil.

scholarly journals Silicon speciation in light petroleum products using gas chromatography coupled to ICP-MS/MS

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 2387-2394
Author(s):  
Raquel Sánchez ◽  
Fabien Chainet ◽  
Vincent Souchon ◽  
Sylvain Carbonneaux ◽  
Charles-Philippe Lienemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Chemical Form ◽  
Light Petroleum ◽  
Detector Response ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Sample Matrix ◽  
Icp Ms

A gas chromatography method coupled to ICP-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-ICP-MS/MS) was validated for silicon speciation method for light petroleum products with a detector response independently of sample matrix and silicon chemical form.

scholarly journals The Role of Dactylis Glomerata and Diesel Oil in the Formation of Microbiome and Soil Enzyme Activity

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 3362
Author(s):  
Agata Borowik ◽  
Jadwiga Wyszkowska ◽  
Mirosław Kucharski ◽  
Jan Kucharski
Keyword(s):  
Soil Pollution ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Gasoline Fraction ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Core Microbiome ◽  
Bacterial Structure

The global demand for petroleum contributes to a significant increase in soil pollution with petroleum-based products that pose a severe risk not only to humans but also to plants and the soil microbiome. The increasing pollution of the natural environment urges the search for effective remediation methods. Considering the above, the objective of this study was to determine the usability of Dactylis glomerata for the degradation of hydrocarbons contained in diesel oil (DO), as well as the effects of both the plant tested and DO on the biochemical functionality and changes in the soil microbiome. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse with non-polluted soil as well as soil polluted with DO and phytoremediated with Dactylis glomerata. Soil pollution with DO increased the numbers of microorganisms and soil enzymes and decreased the value of the ecophysiological diversity index of microorganisms. Besides, it contributed to changes in the bacterial structure at all taxonomic levels. DO was found to increase the abundance of Proteobacteria and to decrease that of Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, Gemmatimonadetes and Firmicutes. In the non-polluted soil, the core microbiome was represented by Kaistobacter and Rhodoplanes, whereas in the DO-polluted soil, it was represented by Parvibaculum and Rhodococcus. In soil sown with Dactylis glomerata, gasoline fraction (C6–C12) degradation was higher by 17%; mineral oil (C12–C35), by 9%; benzene, by 31%; anthracene, by 12%; chrysene, by 38%; benzo(a)anthracene, by 19%; benzo(a)pyrene, by 17%; benzo(b)fluoranthene, by 15%; and benzo(k)fluoranthene, by 18% than in non-sowed soil. To conclude, Dactylis glomerata proved useful in degrading DO hydrocarbons and, therefore, may be recommended for the phytoremediation of soils polluted with petroleum-based products. It has been shown that the microbiological, biochemical and chemical tests are fast and sensitive in the diagnosis of soil contamination with petroleum products, and a combination of all these tests gives a reliable assessment of the state of soils.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document