scholarly journals Influence of the NAT2 gene polymorphic markers on the effectiveness and safety of treatment in patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis based on peripheral red blood cell dynamics

2022 ◽  
Vol 66 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 30-38
Author(s):  
N. M. Krasnova ◽  
S. G. Efremenko ◽  
N. E. Evdokimova ◽  
O. I. Filippova ◽  
Y. V. Chertovskikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Slow Acetylators ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Cell Dynamics ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Nat2 Gene

Background. Individual sensitivity to isoniazid in tuberculosis patients is determined by the presence of N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) enzyme gene allelic variants in genome. Evaluation of quantitative and qualitative alterations in peripheral blood can be used for diagnosis, disease severity estimation, or as a clue for estimation of anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy effectiveness and safety.Aim: Find associations between acetylation type and peripheral red blood cell (RBC) dynamics; determine the effect of NAT2 acetylation rate on the effectiveness and safety of treatment in patients with newly identified pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) residing in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia).Methods. This study included 146 patients with various clinical forms of newly diagnosed pulmonary TB. Oral isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol were administered patients. Genotyping was performed via real time PCR.Results. Rapid and intermediate acetylators showed an increase in hemoglobin concentrations and RBC erythrocyte hemoglobin content by the end of chemotherapy (P<0.05). Incidence of anemia was lower in intermediate acetylators, compared to rapid or slow acetylators (P=0.013). Negative correlation was established between absolute RBC count and slow acetylation type (P=0.017). Patients with rapid acetylation type showed increased RBC distribution width indexes RDW-CV and RDW-SD (P<0.05).Conclusions. An adequate therapeutic effect was achieved with standard doses of anti-TB medications in patients with intermediate acetylation type. Rapid and slow acetylators required anti-TB medication dose correction. Genotyping for NAT2 gene in patients with pulmonary TB enables clinicians to choose the optimal dose of anti-TB medications, specifically, isoniazid dose.

scholarly journals Red blood cell distribution width to platelet ratio substantiates preoperative survival prediction in patients with newly-diagnosed glioblastoma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Schneider ◽  
Niklas Schäfer ◽  
Stefanos Apallas ◽  
Anna-Laura Potthoff ◽  
Christian Bode ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Distribution ◽  
Routine Laboratory ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Laboratory Values ◽  
Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma ◽  
Red Blood Cell Distribution

Abstract Object The conception of individual patient-adjusted treatment strategies is constantly emerging in the field of neuro-oncology. Systemic laboratory markers may allow insights into individual needs and estimated treatment benefit at an earliest possible stage. Therefore, the present study was aimed at analyzing the prognostic significance of preoperative routine laboratory values in patients with newly-diagnosed glioblastoma. Methods Between 2014 and 2019, 257 patients were surgically treated for newly-diagnosed glioblastoma at the Neuro-Oncology Center of the University Hospital Bonn. Preoperative routine laboratory values including red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and platelet count were reviewed. RDW to platelet count ratio (RPR) was calculated and correlated to overall survival (OS) rates. Results Median preoperative RPR was 0.053 (IQR 0.044–0.062). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve indicated an optimal cut-off value for RPR to be 0.05 (AUC 0.62; p = 0.002, 95% CI 0.544–0.685). 101 patients (39%) presented with a preoperative RPR < 0.05, whereas 156 patients (61%) had a RPR ≥ 0.05. Patients with preoperative RPR < 0.05 exhibited a median OS of 20 months (95% CI 17.9–22.1), which was significantly higher compared to a median OS of 13 months (95% CI 10.9–15.1) in patients with preoperative RPR ≥ 0.05 (p < 0.001). Conclusions The present study suggests the RPR to constitute a novel prognostic inflammatory marker for glioblastoma patients in the course of preoperative routine laboratory examinations and might contribute to a personalized medicine approach.

scholarly journals Diagnostic accuracy of red blood cell distribution width-to-lymphocyte ratio for celiac disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Vasile Balaban ◽  
Alina Popp ◽  
Acs Beata ◽  
Florina Vasilescu ◽  
Mariana Jinga
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cell Distribution ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Diagnostic Strategies ◽  
Red Blood Cell Distribution

Abstract Background. Celiac disease (CD) is significantly underdiagnosed, despite significant efforts made in the last decades to increase its diagnostic rate. This has lead to a high need for developing new diagnostic strategies. Our aim was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of two routine hematologic indices for CD. Methods. In a prospective observational study, 34 newly diagnosed CD patients, 34 age-sex matched controls with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and 16 treated CD patients were assessed regarding the differences in mean lymphocyte count (LY), red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and their ratio (RDW/LY). Results. Elevated RDW (>14) and lymphopenia (<1.5 x 10e9/L) were more frequently seen in newly diagnosed CD patients compared to IBS control group and treated CD patients. Newly diagnosed CD patients had significantly higher mean values of RDW/LY - 10.09, compared to 7.72 in the CD-treated group and 6.79 in IBS controls (p<0.01). Subgroup analysis revealed that RDW/LY was higher in patients with destructive histology (Marsh≥3a), 10.54 vs. 7.99. For a value over 7, RDW/LY had a sensitivity of 88.24% (95% CI 72.55-96.70%) and AUROC of 0.785 (95% CI 0.683- 0.887). Conclusions. RDW/LY ratio is a widely available tool which could be used routinely in clinical practice for CD screening.

Prognostic Significance of Red Blood Cell Distribution Width (RDW) and Diverse Hemogram Ratios in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma (NDMM)

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. e178
Author(s):  
Sara Aida Jiménez-Julià ◽  
Albert Pérez Montaña ◽  
Sandra Pérez León ◽  
Bernardo López Andrade ◽  
José María Sánchez Raga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Cell Distribution ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Red Blood Cell Distribution

Influence of the Acetylation Type on the Incidence of Isoniazid-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Pulmonary Tuberculosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
N. M. Krasnova ◽  
N. E. Evdokimova ◽  
A. A. Egorova ◽  
O. I. Filippova ◽  
E. A. Alekseeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Normal Activity ◽  
Slow Acetylators ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Tuberculosis Chemotherapy ◽  
Genetically Determined

Introduction. Liver damage can be a dangerous side effect of using isoniazid. Individual susceptibility to isoniazid in humans is dependent on the presence of N-acetyltransferase 2 allelic variants in genome. It was imperative to assess the effect of genetically determined isoniazid acetylation rate in terms of risk of developing isoniazid-induced hepatotoxicity, as well as prevention of potential hepatopathy, and improvement of tuberculosis chemotherapy safety. Aim. To study the effect of acetylation type on the incidence of isoniazid hepatotoxicity in residents of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods. The study included 112 patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis. Genotyping was performed using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The following single nucleotide polymorphisms were studied: rs1801280, rs1799930, rs1799931, rs1799929, rs1208, rs1041983. Hepatotoxicity was determined based on the results of clinical laboratory monitoring and using the criteria developed by the European Association for the Study of the Liver (2019). Results. Hepatotoxic reactions developed more often in slow acetylators (43.2%), compared to fast acetylators (20.7%) and intermediate acetylators (10.9%); p=0.002. Serum alanine aminotransferase activity was 5 or more times above the upper limit of normal activity in 37.8% of slow acetylators, and in 8.7% of intermediate acetylators; p=0.001. Clinical manifestations of isoniazid hepatotoxicity were observed more often in slow acetylators (29.7%), than in fast acetylators (3.4%); p=0.000. Conclusion. Slow acetylation type ought to be considered an important risk factor for developing isoniazid hepatotoxicity in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.

scholarly journals Red cell distribution width as a predictor for bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayato Go ◽  
Hitoshi Ohto ◽  
Kenneth E. Nollet ◽  
Kenichi Sato ◽  
Hirotaka Ichikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Cell Distribution ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Rbc Transfusion

AbstractBronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most common morbidity complicating preterm birth. Red blood cell distribution width (RDW), a measure of the variation red blood cell size, could reflect oxidative stress and chronic inflammation in many diseases such as cardiovascular, pulmonary, and other diseases. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate perinatal factors affecting RDW and to validate whether RDW could be a potential biomarker for BPD. A total of 176 preterm infants born at < 30 weeks were included in this study. They were categorized into BPD (n = 85) and non-BPD (n = 91) infants. RDW at birth and 14 days and 28 days of life (DOL 14, DOL 28) were measured. Clinical data were obtained from all subjects at Fukushima Medical University (Fukushima, Japan). The mean RDW at birth, DOL 14 and DOL 28 were 16.1%, 18.6%, 20.1%, respectively. Small for gestational age (SGA), chorioamnionitis (CAM), hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), gestational age and birth weight were significantly associated with RDW at birth. SGA, BPD and red blood cell (RBC) transfusion before DOL 14 were associated with RDW at DOL 14. BPD and RBC transfusion before DOL 14 were associated with RDW at DOL 28. Compared with non-BPD infants, mean RDW at birth DOL 14 (21.1% vs. 17.6%, P < 0.001) and DOL 28 (22.2% vs. 18.2%, P < 0.001) were significantly higher in BPD infants. Multivariate analysis revealed that RDW at DOL 28 was significantly higher in BPD infants (P = 0.001, odds ratio 1.63; 95% CI 1.22–2.19). Receiver operating characteristic analysis for RDW at DOL 28 in infants with and without BPD yielded an area under the curve of 0.87 (95% CI 0.78–0.91, P < 0.001). RDW at DOL 28 with mild BPD (18.3% vs. 21.2%, P < 0.001), moderate BPD (18.3% vs. 21.2%, P < 0.001), and severe BPD (18.3% vs. 23.9%, P < 0.001) were significantly higher than those with non-BPD, respectively. Furthermore, there are significant differences of RDW at DOL 28 between mild, moderate, and severe BPD. In summary, we conclude that RDW at DOL 28 could serve as a biomarker for predicting BPD and its severity. The mechanism by which RDW at DOL 28 is associated with the pathogenesis of BPD needs further elucidation.

scholarly journals On the effects of membrane viscosity on transient red blood cell dynamics

Soft Matter ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (26) ◽  
pp. 6191-6205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Guglietta ◽  
Marek Behr ◽  
Luca Biferale ◽  
Giacomo Falcucci ◽  
Mauro Sbragaglia
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Hydraulic Properties ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Cell Dynamics ◽  
Membrane Viscosity

Computational Fluid Dynamics is currently used to design and improve the hydraulic properties of biomedical devices, wherein the large scale blood circulation needs to be simulated by accounting for the mechanical response of RBCs at the mesoscale.

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