scholarly journals Análisis Retrospectivo de los casos de Endocarditis Infecciosa a lo largo de 31 años (1985-2016) en un Hospital Terciario (Ramón y Cajal)

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-33
Author(s):  
Enrique Navas Elorza ◽  
Celia Plaza Coya ◽  
Pilar Martín Dávila ◽  
José Luis Moya Mur ◽  
Santiago Moreno Guillén
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Streptococcus Viridans ◽  
Ramón Y Cajal

La Endocarditis Infecciosa (EI) es una enfermedad infrecuente, de alta mortalidad. En las últimas décadas ha habido cambios relevantes tanto en las técnicas de diagnóstico por imagen como en la epidemiología de la población a la que afecta, que son el objeto de nuestro trabajo. Como método de trabajo se ha realizado un estudio observacional retrospectivo. Se han revisado las historias clínicas de los pacientes diagnosticados de Endocarditis Infecciosa en el Hospital Ramón y Cajal en los últimos 31 años (1985-2016), a partir de un registro del Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas. Se ha obtenido como resultado, que el número de casos de Endocarditis Infecciosa se ha mantenido estable a lo largo de los 31 años del estudio. La mayor frecuencia en varones (67%) se mantuvo constante, mientras que la edad de los pacientes ha ido aumentando progresivamente. Se ha apreciado cambios en los microorganismos causales, entre los cuales los más frecuentemente aislados han sido Staphylococcus aureus (37,3%), seguido de estafilococos coagulasa-negativo (14,3%) y Streptococcus viridans (13,2%). De modo llamativo, disminuyeron significativamente los casos de EI asociada al uso de drogas inyectadas y aumentaron proporcionalmente los de EI sobre válvula natural (39,5%) y sobre válvula protésica (31.5%). También aumentaron el empleo del ecocardiograma transesofágico en el diagnóstico (43,7%) y los casos que se sometieron a cirugía (28,9%). La cifra de endocarditis nosocomial sigue siendo un problema importante (12,4%). La mortalidad se ha mantenido elevada sin cambios (20%). Como conclusión podemos señalar que se han encontrado cambios significativos en la epidemiología de la enfermedad a lo largo de los 31 años del estudio, en parte asociado a la disminución del uso de drogas inyectadas y al aumento de los procedimientos quirúrgicos sobre el corazón. Pese a los avances en el manejo diagnóstico y terapéutico la enfermedad sigue teniendo una mortalidad elevada.

scholarly journals Sinusitis as a cause of orbital cellulitis

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 556-559
Author(s):  
A. Haddadin ◽  
E. Saca ◽  
A. Husban
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Orbital Cellulitis ◽  
Streptococcus Viridans ◽  
Enterococcal Infection ◽  
Complete Blood Counts ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

To determine the importance of sinusitis as a cause of orbital cellulitis, the causative organisms and peak age of occurrence, 25 patients hospitalized with orbital cellulitis (ages 8 months to 17 years; 80%, 1-4 years) were studied. Complete blood counts were carried out and radiographic sinus examinations and eye swabs (for culturing) performed prior to antibiotic treatment. Sinusitis was evident in 72% of the patients. Eye swab cultures indicated 80% had streptococcal, staphylococcal or enterococcal infection. The data indicate that sinusitis is an important cause of orbital cellulitis. The most common causative organisms were Streptococcus viridans (44%) and Staphylococcus aureus (32%). Initial antibiotics should therefore cover both organisms.

scholarly journals Influencia del estrés académico percibido, sobre la calidad del microbiota oral y el pH salival

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-116
Author(s):  
Zeballos Claros Sabrina Antonella ◽  
Inés Siles Rocío ◽  
Siles Guardia Jazmín
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Streptococcus Viridans ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Objetivo: determinar la influencia del estrés académico percibido sobre la microbiota oral y el pH salival en los estudiantes de quinto año de la Facultad de Odontología - UMSS en la segunda rotación de la gestión 2018. Métodos: estudio descriptivo y prospectivo longitudinal. Se trabajó con 26 estudiantes, se les realizaron pruebas al inicio y al final de la segunda rotación: Cuestionario de Estrés Percibido (CPE), hisopado bucal (identificación microbiota) y toma de muestra salival (determinación pH). Resultados: test psicológico, inicio de rotación: 69,2% de los estudiantes nivel 2 “medianamente estresado”, 23,0% nivel 3 “estresado” y 7,6% nivel 1 “poco estresado”. Final de rotación: 46,1% nivel 3 “estresado”, 30,7% nivel 2 “medianamente estresado”, 19,2% nivel 4 “muy estresado” y 3,8% nivel 1 “poco estresado. Análisis del pH salival, primera toma: valor promedio 6,79. Segunda toma: valor promedio 6,20. Prueba microbiológica, primera toma: en los 26 cultivos se desarrolló Streptococcus viridans, en 3 Staphylococcus spp, en 3 Cándida albicans, en 2 Escherichia coli y en 1 Staphylococcus aureus. Segunda toma: en los 26 cultivos se desarrolló Streptococcus viridans, en 6 Cándida albicans, en 1 Klebsiella spp, en 3 Escherichia coli y en 1 Staphylococcus aureus; en esta última toma hubo incremento significativo del desarrollo microbiano en todos los casos. Conclusión: los niveles de estrés académico percibidos por los estudiantes de la Facultad de Odontología - UMSS son elevados al finalizar la segunda rotación de la gestión 2018, concordantes con el incremento del desarrollo de Streptococcus viridans y Cándida albicans, acompañados por un descenso marcado en el pH salival.

scholarly journals STUDIES ON THE PNEUMOCOCCUS

1922 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 689-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick T. Lord ◽  
Robert N. Nye
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Streptococcus Viridans ◽  
General Character ◽  
Critical Range ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Standard Solutions

Suspensions of living pneumococci in approximately isotonic standard solutions and in approximately isotonic bouillon with pH varying from about 4.0 to 8.0 after incubation show dissolution of organisms in those solutions having a pH higher than about 5.0. Dissolution is most marked at a critical range of about pH 5.0 to 7.0. Some dissolution also takes place toward the more alkaline end of the scale. No dissolution occurs at the most acid end of the scale. Dissolution in the standard solutions occurs at incubator, room, and ice box temperature. It is less marked at ice box temperature. Dissolution takes place in standard pH solutions with pneumococci allowed to grow and die out in glucose bouillon but unlike dissolution with living organisms is progressive from the acid toward the alkaline end of the scale. Pneumococci killed by heat for I hour undergo less dissolution than living organisms, the general character of the curve being similar to that with living organisms. Pneumococci killed by heat at 100°C. for 5 minutes do not undergo dissolution. The addition of fresh human serum to the suspensions of pneumococci at varying pH prevents dissolution. Dissolution of pneumococci takes place more rapidly at pH 6.1 in standard solutions in which large numbers of pneumococci have been previously dissolved than in fresh standard solutions at the same pH. The dissolution of pneumococci under the conditions of the experiments may be ascribed to an enzyme derived from the bacteria themselves. Other organisms such as Streptococcus viridans and hœmolyticus and Staphylococcus aureus do not undergo dissolution under conditions similar to those to which the pneumococcus was exposed.

scholarly journals Effect of Electronic Cigarettes on the Carriage of Selected Organisms in the Nasal and Oral Cavity in Comparison to Tobacco Smokers and Non-smokers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Alzoubi ◽  
Mohammad Abu-Lubad ◽  
Asma’a Al-Mnayyis ◽  
Anas Satari ◽  
Mohammad Alzobi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Streptococcus Viridans ◽  
P Value ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Microbial Profile ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Antibiotics Susceptibility

Introduction: The use of Electronic Cigarettes (ECs) has been increased over the last years but their long term effects on health and microbiota has not yet been explored fully. Aim: To examine the oral and nasal microbial profile and antibiotics susceptibility in the ECs users, smokers and non-smokers and to assess the microbial contamination of the ECs juice. Materials and Methods: Nasal and oral swabs were collected from 30 non-smokers, 30 tobacco smokers and 30 from candidates who have been using ECs for more than six months. Nasal Methicillin Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and oral Streptococcus viridans and Candida albicans were isolated and identified using standard laboratory methods. ECs juice was also cultured to test for microbial presence and the antibiogram for all isolated bacteria was carried out by disc diffusion or broth dilution methods according to Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guidelines. The statistical analysis was performed with Stata Statistical Software: Release 13. Results: MSSA was isolated from 9 (30%) non-smokers, 5 (16.7%) ECs users and 2 (6.7%) smokers, respectively. Only 1 (3.3%) MRSA was isolated from a smoker. Streptococcus viridians was detected in 14 (46.7%) non-smokers, 9 (30%) ECs user and 5 (16.7%) smokers. Candida albicans was isolated from 7 (23.3%) smokers, 3 (10%) ECs users and in 1 (3.3%) non-smokers. When both groups of ECs users and smokers were compared to non-smokers; the statistical intergroups difference in carriage of MSSA and Streptococcus viridans using Chi-Square test was only significant in the smokers group (p-value <0.05), while the difference in carriage of MRSA and Candida albicans in both ECs users and smokers was not statistically significant compared to non-smokers (p-value <0.05). The cultures of ECs juices showed no growth. The highest resistance among MSSA isolates was for fusidic acid (43.8%) and the least was for mupirocin and linezolid (0%). Among Streptococcus viridans, the highest resistance was to penicillin (68%) and the least was for vancomycin (7.1%). Conclusion: The effect of ECs on carriage of MSSA and Streptococcus viridans commensals was not significant compared to non-smokers. Therefore, ECs might be less harmful on microbiota compared to tobacco smoking.

scholarly journals Tratamento da endocardite bacteriana causada pelo uso de prótese valvar e cateteres: uma revisão bibliográfica

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. e4856
Author(s):  
Jade Menezes Maia ◽  
Karine Gomes Bandeira Desteffani ◽  
Mara Iza Alves Silva ◽  
Letícia Karen Rodrigues De Souza ◽  
Andressa Schmidt Do Nascimento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Streptococcus Viridans ◽  
Viridans Streptococcus

Objetivo: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo a realização de uma revisão bibliográfica em relação aos possíveis tratamentos da endocardite bacteriana, causada pelo uso de prótese valvar e cateteres, e seus principais agentes etiológicos. Revisão Bibliográfica: A endocardite bacteriana (EB) ocorre pela inflamação do endocárdio, sendo frequente em indivíduos portadores de prótese valvares e cateteres vasculares. Estudos indicam que as principais bactérias encontradas na endocardite são: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus viridans, Streptococcus epidermis e Enterococcus e Gram negativos. Os tratamentos mais utilizados são feitos a partir do uso de penicilina, associada ou não a aminoglicosídeos e vancomicina no caso de bactérias resistentes à penicilina. Considerações finais: A partir dos estudos analisados é possível inferir que a EB está associada a morbidade e mortalidade significativas e por isso, é importante identificar os fatores determinantes para o desenvolvimento da doença, como indivíduos que utilizam prótese valvar e cateteres. Além disso, percebe-se que de acordo com o agente etiológico identificado a partir de exames específicos, é possível elaborar estratégias eficazes de tratamento e controle da doença.

scholarly journals Avaliação do risco de contaminação por bactérias, no paciente submetido à broncoscopia, após o reprocessamento do broncoscópio

2002 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 250-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
NANCY SPEKLA GRANDE ◽  
ROMILDA APARECIDA NAKAYAMA ◽  
ANTONIA MARIA DE OLIVEIRA MACHADO ◽  
FÁBIO AKIO YAMAGUTI ◽  
CESAR UEHARA
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Streptococcus Viridans ◽  
São Paulo

Introdução: A broncoscopia é um procedimento diagnóstico e terapêutico realizado com a introdução nas vias aéreas de um tubo flexível que permite visualizar até as menores delas. Para evitar ou reduzir o risco de infecções, o broncoscópio deve ser adequadamente desinfetado com, pelo menos, desinfecção de alto nível. Objetivo: Verificar se há risco de contaminação bacteriana para os pacientes submetidos à broncoscopia do Hospital São Paulo da Unifesp, Estado de São Paulo. Métodos: No período de 1997 a 1998, o reprocessamento do broncoscópio incluiu limpeza e enxágüe com água estéril ou potável, seguida de rinsagem com glutaraldeído a 2% por 20 minutos, novo enxágüe com água estéril ou potável e rinsagem com álcool etílico a 70% e secagem com ar forçado pelo canal de sucção. Foram colhidas amostras de 65 pacientes para exames microbiológicos, instalando-se soro fisiológico estéril pelo canal de sucção do broncoscópio. Resultados: Após o reprocessamento foram encontrados nas amostras Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterobacter sp, Acinetobacter baumanni, Streptococcus viridans, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus beta hemoliticus A, Staphylococcus coagulase negativa e em cinco amostras houve crescimento de microbactéria na cultura. Conclusões: A desinfecç ão do broncoscópio com glutaraldeído a 2% não foi suficiente para garantir a desinfecção do aparelho e a presença de Staphylococcus epidermidis indica que houve contaminação do broncoscópio pela manipulação após a desinfecção.

Cytochemical Studies of Cell Wall Biosynthesis in Staphylococcus Aureus

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 328-329
Author(s):  
Masaatsu Koike ◽  
Koichi Nakashima ◽  
Kyoko Iida
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Periodate Oxidation ◽  
Early Time ◽  
The Other ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Cell Wall Biosynthesis ◽  
Septal Wall ◽  
Peptidoglycan Biosynthesis ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Cross Linkage

Penicillin exerts the activity to inhibit the peptide cross linkage between each polysaccharide backbone at the final stage of wall-peptidoglycan biosynthesis of bacteria. Morphologically, alterations of the septal wall and mesosome in gram-positive bacteria, which were occurred in early time after treatment with penicillin, have been observed. In this experiment, these alterations were cytochemically investigated by means of silver-methenamine staining after periodate oxidation, which is applied for detection of localization of wall mucopolysaccharide.Staphylococcus aureus strain 209P treated with 100 u/ml of penicillin G was divided into two aliquotes. One was fixed by Kellenberger-Ryter's OSO4 fixative at 30, 60 and 120 min after addition of the antibiotic, dehydrated through alcohol series, and embedded in Epon 812 (Specimen A). The other was fixed by 21 glutaraldehyde, dehydrated through glycolmethacrylate series and embedded in glycolmethacrylate mixture, according to Bernhard's method (Specimen B).

Gold labeling of teichoic acid on adjacent surfaces of staphylococcus aureus

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 578-579
Author(s):  
Margaret Hukee
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Teichoic Acid ◽  
Protein Labeling ◽  
Minimal Amount ◽  
Section Thickness ◽  
Double Labeling ◽  
Parallel Surfaces ◽  
Supporting Membrane

Gold labeling of two antigens (double labeling) is often done on two section surfaces separated by section thickness. Whether labeling is done on both sides of the same section or on two parallel surfaces separated by section thickness (PSSST), comparable results are dependent on an equal number of epitopes being exposed at each surface. We propose a method to study protein labeling within the same field of proteins, by examining two directly adjacent surfaces that were split during sectioning. The number of labeling sites on adjacent surfaces (AS) were compared to sites on PSSST surfaces in individual bacteria.Since each bacteria needed to be recognizable in all three section surfaces, one-hole grids were used for labeling. One-hole grids require a supporting membrane and excessive handling during labeling often ruptures the membrane. To minimize handling, a labeling chamber was designed that is inexpensive, disposable, minimizes contamination, and uses a minimal amount of solution.

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