THE CONTRADICTORY EFFECT OF THE CRYPTOCURRENCY PHENOMENON: THE NEXT STAGE IN THE EVOLUTION OF MONEY OR A NEW FINANCIAL ADVENTURE?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Хусейн Вахаевич Идрисов
Keyword(s):  
Financial Economic ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Financial Instrument ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

Статья посвящена характеристике криптовалюты в финансово-экономических и нормативно-правовых отношениях, складывающихся вокруг данного явления. Перечислены основные недостатки и преимущества применения криптовалюты в гражданском обороте, а также отношение к ней ряда государств в плане ее государственно-правового регулирования. В заключении статьи сделан вывод о том, что криптовалюты в современном мире имеют довольно противоречивый эффект: С одной стороны, это привлекательный финансовый инструмент для субъектов финансово-экономических отношений, но, с другой - это еще пока малоизученный и не апробированный массово на практике объект отношений, элемент гражданского оборота, связанный с большими рисками ее обращения. The article is devoted to the characteristics of the cryptocurrency in the financial, economic and regulatory relations that develop around this phenomenon. The main disadvantages and advantages of using cryptocurrency in civil circulation are listed, as well as the attitude of a number of states to it in terms of its state-legal regulation. In conclusion, the article concludes that cryptocurrencies in the modern world have a rather contradictory effect: On the one hand, it is an attractive financial instrument for the subjects of financial and economic relations, but, on the other hand, it is still a little-studied and not widely tested in practice object of relations, an element of civil turnover associated with high risks of its circulation.

Venus and Lucretius

1956 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. St. H. Vertue
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Modern World ◽  
De Rerum Natura ◽  
Creative Power ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

Nearly ten years have gone by since Dr. Cyril Bailey gave to lovers of Lucretius his edition of the poet in three volumes, winning for himself a crown, insignem cum laude coronam, after a lifelong quest and bestowing upon us an enlarged understanding of that wonderful work of antiquity, the De Rerum Natura, which holds in its ‘massive and magnificent whole’ many a valuable message for the modern world, could it but read them. At the outset of his commentary Dr. Bailey draws attention to a discrepancy that has often been discussed, namely that which lies between the literary masterpiece with which the poem opens, the invocation to Venus, and the Epicurean belief entertained by the poet that the gods neither govern the forces of Nature nor interfere in the affairs of men. On the one hand, Venus is addressed as a creative power with prayers for inspiration and assistance and for peace; on the other hand, we are told that the nature of the gods needs nothing of us, is untouched by anger, and is unmoved by merit; and if the reading of the manuscripts be retained, the second set of lines immediately succeeds and contradicts the first.

scholarly journals Features of legal Regulation in the digital Economy

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1381-1383
Keyword(s):  
Legal Regulation ◽  
International Experience ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Legal Regime ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

This article discusses the features of legal support for the functioning of the digital economy. Some reasons for the need for modernization of legislation in the context of the development of the digital economy are highlighted. Based on international experience, approaches to legal regulation in the field of the digital economy are proposed, by ensuring such a legal regime in which innovations, on the one hand, will develop freely, and, on the other hand, will be protected from possible risks.

scholarly journals Syn i ojciec w „Bojaźni i drżeniu” Sørena Kierkegaarda

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-220
Author(s):  
Marta Szabat
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
The Other ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Fear And Trembling ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Book Of Genesis ◽  
The One

This article concerns events of the Old Testament – Yahweh commands Abraham to sacrifice his only son – Isaac – on Mount Moriah. This passage from the Old Testament, from the Book of Genesis, became the basis of Søren Kierkegaard’s considerations in Fear and Trembling. In the text I refer to, on the one hand, Kierkegaard’s considerations, while on the other hand I try to identify other possible interpretive tropes that could be useful, for example, during classes on the subject of faith or the status of ethical dilemmas in the modern world.

scholarly journals Innowacja w kreowaniu wartości konsumenckich jako istotny czynnik podejmowanych wyborów społeczno-ekonomicznych

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 165-180
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Morawiak
Keyword(s):  
Time Management ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
The Other ◽  
Innovative Approach ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Consumer Values ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual

Innovation in creating consumer values as an important factor in socio-economic selection making  Consumption concerns many aspects of human life in both material and non-material dimensions. It shapes the attitude towards the family, spare time management, religion or culture. It sets the shape of our dreams, desires and life aspirations. On the one hand, it affects the system of our values, on the other hand, it is inspired by this system. Opponents of consumption, treating it as a secondary value and value in itself, accuse it of leading to the development of such phenomena as: mass entertainment, commercialization of culture or devel­opment of quite unnecessary, apparent needs. Instead, it removes the values generally respected in so­ciety, such as: interest in the fate of others, solidarity, care for the environment or the future of next gen­erations. Today’s consumer is not a mindless human being subject to the rules of the market, they are increasingly educated, aware and responsible. They make choices based not only on their own needs but based on values existing in a given society. They purchase wisely and respectfully, remembering that today’s choices will be the legacy for future generations, thus the consumer’s interest must be synchronized with these generations. Nowadays, it is the consumer who creates the image of the company, forcing it to take ethical and moral actions, and also heading for conscious consumption. Such an attitude creates the opportunity to include the consumer in the processes of companies’ activities and their innovations, as well as treating them personally and more like a partner. In the realities of the new economic, political, and social system, new values of individuals, as well as of entire social groups associated with the behaviour of consumers of the modern world are developing. Consumption, on the one hand, determines the shape of dreams, desires and the way of life. On the other hand, based on an innovative approach to it, it performs a symbolic function that gives a deeper and wider perspective to existing products, emphasizing them as exceeding their useful functions. Consumers becoming more aware of their choices take into account not only the system of their own values but also the values existing in a given society. This innovative approach to consumption creates new quality, a new lifestyle, it shapes new roles, it draws attention to the environment around us, and it cares about the sensible use of its resources and its means. Following values in the selection of products reveals responsibility connected to decision making, its impact on the environment and on entire social groups. They allow the individual to real­ize themselves in the group and the human community, they enable human development, achieving customer satisfaction, and avoiding the plundering economy. 

scholarly journals GROUNDS FOR ENDING A POSTPONEMENT IN THE EXECUTION OF A CUSTODIAL SENTENCE

Probacja ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 65-115
Author(s):  
Jarosław Tekliński
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Penal Code ◽  
The Other ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Article 9 ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
The Postponement

One of the few exceptions to the principle of the immediate execution of a penalty, expressed in Article 9 § 1 of the Executive Penal Code, is the institution of its deferral. The conditions of its application are specifi ed in the provisions of Article 150 and Article 151 of the Executive Penal Code. Postponement of a custodial sentence is not absolute, because the occurrence of certain factual or legal conditions during its duration may result in its termination. The subject of the article is to analyse the grounds for ending the postponement of a custodial sentence, with particular emphasis on the institution of appealing the postponement, and modifi cation of the decision pursuant to Article 24 of the Executive Penal Code. The study uses the method of dogmatic analysis, emphasizing, albeit with diff erent intensity, elements such as: description and systematization of legal norms, their interpretation as well as establishing and defi ning concepts. In the opinion of the author, the issue of the grounds for ending a postponement of a custodial sentence is, on the one hand, an attractive area of scientifi c research from a theoretical perspective. On the other hand, it is an important problem faced in the practice of judicial authorities. It is also a subject to which science seems to devote too little attention. Such a state of aff airs undoubtedly determines the need for scientific of the subject under consideration. Its results allow for the conclusion that the current legal regulation requires correction, the direction of which, by indicating the proposed changes to the applicable regulations, is presented by the author in this study.

scholarly journals Legal regime of biobanks in domestic legislation

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
E. S. Kryukova ◽  
V. D. Ruzanova
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Complex Object ◽  
Legal Regime ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Domestic Legislation ◽  
The One

In the article on the basis of a critical analysis of the existing positions in the doctrine the concept of a biobank as an object of rights was formulated. At the same time, it is proposed to distinguish between the organizations in charge of biobanks and the collections themselves. It was concluded that biobank is a complex object, which is differentiated unity, since its elements, on the one hand, are autonomous, but on the other hand, are interconnected and interdependent. It is emphasized that the formation of a single legal regime of biobanks is complicated by the substantive heterogeneity of this object and the diversity of its elements. Taking into account the experience of European States in this field of legal regulation and scientific views, the idea of publishing as a basic special law on biobanks, which should establish their legal regime as an object of rights and rules for organizations under the jurisdiction of biobanks, was supported. The need for organizations working with biobanks to provide unprecedented protection is proven. The structure of the legal regime of biobank has been determined and as its most important component a group of rules on obtaining the consent of the holder for the further use of biobanks and data derived from them has been identified. The feasibility of introducing more diverse forms of consent to the circulation of the contents of biobanks is justified.

scholarly journals Cheating in chess: a call for an integrated disciplinary regulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 57-83
Author(s):  
Salomėja Zaksaitė
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Sports Law ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Broad Concept ◽  
The One

This article examines recent regulation in the sport of chess with a focus on cheating. On the one hand, disciplinary law in chess could be considered relatively underdeveloped compared with other sports. On the other hand, however, this kind of ‘underdevelopment’ might be appropriate since chess governing bodies have not yet introduced interventionist rules. These two interacting perspectives shape the aim and the objectives of legal research designed to protect the chess community from cheating by suggesting adequate disciplinary measures. The analysis focuses mainly on two forms of cheating: computer-assisted cheating and match-fixing. The broad concept of cheating and relatively young legal regulation in an under-researched sport call for interdisciplinary analysis, therefore, knowledge of sports law, human rights as well as criminology is applied.

scholarly journals Economic and Legal Analysis of Cryptocurrency: Scientific Views from Russia and the Muslim World

Laws ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Shamil Shovkhalov ◽  
Hussein Idrisov
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Business Community ◽  
The Other ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Legal Institutions ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

The article is devoted to the analysis of cryptocurrency as a new phenomenon in the modern global economic processes and legal institutions. The relevance of the study is predetermined by the very specifics of such a phenomenon as cryptocurrency consisting of a distributed ledger technology, which determines the peculiarities of issuing, storing and performing operations with cryptocurrency. Moreover, the cryptocurrency turnover directly correlates with the national legislation of individual countries, which are the subject of domestic regulation with currency, tax legislation and legislation on the securities market. Sometimes, in this regard, there is a clash of public interests and the interests of entities involved in the circulation of cryptocurrencies. Cryptocurrency, as an unconventional, trendy phenomenon of the recent times, has become the object of research and discussions on all the world platforms, starting with academia, continuing with the business community and ending with state institutions. There are many reasons for explaining such interest and they can all be reduced to two main blocks: the advantages and the disadvantages of cryptocurrency circulation. The problem of cryptocurrency turnover, on the one hand, is that until now none of the national economies have regulated the cost-effective mechanism for the cryptocurrency turnover and, on the other hand, the leading countries have not yet set up an effective system of legal regulation of cryptocurrency. Many countries are in the active process of working to adequately address the above problem. Separately, it is worth highlighting the interest of Muslim countries in this issue, where discussions are still underway about the permissibility of cryptocurrency in Islamic law. As for the Russian realities in the context of the issue under study, the Federal Law “On Digital Financial Assets, Digital Currency and on Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation“, which came into effect on 1 January 2021, was supposed to streamline relations of subjects including cryptocurrencies, but, according to the experts in this field, this law is far from impeccable and this sphere of relations cannot be quickly and effectively regulated. This article describes the characteristics of cryptocurrency, its essence, disadvantages and advantages as an object of economic and civil law relations. The purpose of the research is to analyze the economic and legal phenomenon of cryptocurrency, as well as its characteristics in the Muslim legal system. The complexity of the work should be emphasized as a novelty. Based on the designated goal and the logic of construction, the study consists of three interrelated parts. The first part outlines the characteristics of cryptocurrency as an economic category, the second part is devoted to its legal analysis and the last part of the study demonstrates the Islamic perception (Sharia analysis) of this phenomenon. As a conclusion on the scientific research, we will highlight the following provisions. First, economically, nowadays, cryptocurrency is a rather controversial financial instrument: on the one hand, it has great investment attractiveness, but on the other hand, it is subject to great volatility and seems to be a rather risky financial asset. Secondly, from a legal standpoint, cryptocurrencies have not yet found their consistent consolidation and further legal regulation in the Russian legislation. It seems that the legal regulation of this institution will systematically develop depending on what application and results of its turnover the cryptocurrency will have in the future. Finally, the Islamic interpretation of the cryptocurrency phenomenon boils down to the absence of a single, consistent explanation of it from the perspective of Islam and Sharia as an object of permissibility (or prohibition) of transactions with it. It is necessary to further analyze the practice of using cryptocurrency and its impact on the economy and legal institutions in order to make a final decision on its permissibility or prohibition in correlation with the types of activity and the upcoming consequences associated with it.

scholarly journals Winiety metropolii pentarchii na mapach średniowiecznych i wczesnonowożytnych

Vox Patrum ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 213-296
Author(s):  
Piotr Kochanek
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
The Other ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Religious Buildings ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One

The idea of the pentarchy directly expressed by Justinian I (527-565) – Novella 131 – is also perceptible in cartography. This paper examines the 41 medieval and early modern world maps in the context of the vignettes of the pentarchy. From the above analysis shows that almost every map from this period had a vignette of Jerusalem and 37 maps have a vignette of Rome. But only 28 maps have a vi­gnette of Alexandria, 24 maps have a vignette of Constantinople, and 20 maps have a vignette of Antiochia. In the case of Jerusalem, a huge majority of vignettes is a sacred buildings (most often it is the Tomb of Christ). Only in three cases is a Holy Cross. In contrast, Rome’s vignettes represent both religious buildings and fortifications. As for the drawings on the vignettes of Antiochia, Alexandria, and Constantinople, the vast majority of them are character of fortifications. These vignettes are, on the one hand, a close relationship with the history of these cit­ies, on the other hand, they are associated with the medieval and early modern politic ideology and theology. This paper is trying to capture and analyze these complicated, religious, political, and theological relationships, and explaining the meaning of these vignettes.

scholarly journals TWO POLES OF ETHNIC IDENTITY OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS OF THE YAROSLAVL REGION

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-66
Author(s):  
Alexander S. Emelyanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
University Students ◽  
Local Population ◽  
The Other ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Central Russia ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Former Ussr

This article examines the features of the types of ethnic identity of university students in the Yaroslavl region. The author points out the insufficient effectiveness of the current policy of fostering tolerance and interethnic friendship. The processes of globalization and leveling of the national self-awareness of ethnic groups taking place in the modern world, on the one hand, and the growing need to preserve ethnic culture, on the other hand, are to a certain extent manifested in the example of university youth in one of the regions of Central Russia. The study of the features of this problem was carried out by the author on the basis of a questionnaire survey of about 900 students using domestic methods. The research results are grouped into six types: ethnonihilism, ethnic indifference, positive ethnic identity, ethno-egoism, ethno-isolationism, ethnophanaticism. The geographical approach allows us to see some qualitative differences in relation to a number of the questions raised among students representing more than 40 peoples of Russia, the republics of the former USSR, foreign Asia, Africa, and foreign Europe. A certain emphasis is placed on identifying one of the negative manifestations in the youth environment - ethnofanaticism among Azerbaijani, Armenian, Kazakh, Russian, Tajik, and Turkmen students. The polarity of the studied phenomena of ethnonihilism and ethnophanaticism is compared, first of all, using the example of russian and tajik youth. Attention is drawn to the desire to preserve the foundations of life in an unchanged form with a noticeable role of Islam among tajik students. On the other hand, among the russian respondents, ethnicity is not so actualized, it is close to western cultural norms. In the context of the mosaic nature of the information space, contacts with multilingual peers receiving education at the universities of the Yaroslavl Upper Volga region, interethnic attitudes and stereotypes are consolidated for subsequent adulthood. The formation of a positive ethnic identity in the host of migrants with educational, labor goals of the local population is an urgent need.

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