scholarly journals Bipolenins K–N: New sesquiterpenoids from the fungal plant pathogen Bipolaris sorokiniana

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 2020-2028
Author(s):  
Chin-Soon Phan ◽  
Hang Li ◽  
Simon Kessler ◽  
Peter S Solomon ◽  
Andrew M Piggott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Plant Pathogen ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Spectroscopic Data ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Wheat Seed ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Tddft Calculations ◽  
Phytotoxic Activity ◽  
Fungal Plant Pathogen

Chemical investigation of the barley and wheat fungal pathogen Bipolaris sorokiniana BRIP10943 yielded four new sativene-type sesquiterpenoid natural products, bipolenins K–N (1–4), together with seven related known analogues (5–11), and a sesterterpenoid (12). Their structures were determined by detailed analysis of spectroscopic data, supported by TDDFT calculations and comparison with previously reported analogues. These compounds were evaluated for their phytotoxic activity against wheat seedlings and wheat seed germination. The putative biosynthetic relationships between the isolated sesquiterpenoids were also explored.

scholarly journals Effects of essential oils on mycoflora and winter wheat seed germination

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
T.O. Rozhkova ◽  
S.V. Stankevych ◽  
A.V. Matsyura
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Wheat Seed ◽  
The Impact

The mycoflora of winter wheat seed consists of various fungi that differ as to the parasitism rate. Their harmfulness is connected with their phytotoxic action and ability to produce mycotoxins. Assuming that essential oils have an effective antifungal impact, we studied the effectiveness of 13 essential oils which were produced by LLC "Aromatyka", Ukraine (cinnamon, orange, peppermint, rosemary, vervain, ylang-ylang, sandal, fennel, lavender, eucalypt, bergamot, frankincense, and geranium) on securing of a group of fungi from winter wheat seeds. The seed mycoflora of Bogdana variety harvested in 2017-2020, which was grown in the North- Eastern Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine (Sumy oblast), was analyzed. A fungi complex analysis was made on the media PGA. The impact of essential oils on seed germinating ability and the length of wheat sprouts on the 7th day has been determined. A longterm studying of seed treatment by essential oils showed their effects on mycoflora formation. These plants affected not only the fungi amount but also changed their secure spectrum. The studies admit a negative impact of fungi on seed germination and plant development. The highest seed germination equaled 95% under its treatment with rosemary and orange oils. However, under seed treatment with rosemary oil, there appeared Fusarium sp. and Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoem., which harms seed germination. Orange oil has increased the number of fungi of Penicillium sp. The best results (based on three indices) had sandal oil, under which the fungus colony has increased half, and seed germination equaled 61%, the sprout length was maximal when applying other oils (58.8 mm). The essential oils which fully inhibited seed and fungi development (cinnamon, fennel, vervain, geranium) were determined. The study of two of them as fungicides for treatments at the beginning of wheat flowering proved a similar effect to falcon on the change of the internal seed mycoflora.

scholarly journals Health and Quality of Wheat Seed Samples Collected from Sadar Upazilla of Thakurgaon District and Control of Seed-Borne Fungi

2020 ◽  
pp. 46-58
Author(s):  
M. A. Jabbar ◽  
N. Muhammad ◽  
M. M. Rahaman ◽  
M. G. Haque
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Wheat Seed ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Neem Leaf Extract ◽  
Wheat Seeds

Wheat seed samples were collected from ten unions of sadar upazilla of Thakurgaon district in wheat growing season of 2011. Seeds were tested by blotter method at Seed Pathology Center (SPC), Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the months April to November 2011 for recording and identifying the seed-borne fungi associated with wheat seeds. The health status of 20 seed samples were determined whereas five genera fungi were identified from a total of six fungus. The fungi were Bipolaris sorokiniana, Alternaria tenuis, Fusarium spp, Penicillium sp, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger. Prevalence of the total as well as the individual seed-borne fungal infections that were recorded varied significantly with respect to wheat varieties and sources of seed collection. Seed samples collected from Jagonathpur and Gorea unions of sadar upazilla showed highest percentage of seed-borne infection compared to the samples collection from other unions for both varieties. The seed-borne fungal infection in Hazar-8 and Satabdi collected from other unions showed lowest percentage of seed-borne fungal infection than that of Jagonathpur and Gorea unions. Seed germination also varied significantly depending on the varieties and the seed sources and a positive correlation between seed germination and seed-borne fungal infections were observed. Three seed treating agents viz., neem leaf extract 1:2, hot water and Provax were evaluated for controlling seed-borne fungi associated with wheat seeds. Among the seed treating agents, Provax was found superior to reduce the seed-borne infection of wheat. The results also showed that neem leaf extract at 1:2 dilutions was observed to be the most effective in reducing seed-borne fungi with highest percentage of germination followed by hot water treatment.

scholarly journals SPORE KILLER POLYMORPHISM IN FUSARIUM MONILIFORME

Genetics ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Sophia Kathariou ◽  
Philip T Spieth
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
Plant Pathogen ◽  
Fusarium Moniliforme ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Neurospora Intermedia ◽  
Fungal Plant Pathogen ◽  
Spore Killer

ABSTRACT A Spore killer trait, which exhibits genetic and cytological properties analogous to those previously found in Neurospora, exists in natural populations of the fungal plant pathogen Fusarium moniliforme. The genogeography of the polymorphism in F. moniliforme differs from the situation in Neurospora intermedia. It is more akin to the situation in N. sitophila, although more extreme with respect to the prevalence of killer alleles: more than 80% of tested isolates of F. moniliforme carry the killer allele. Nevertheless, sensitive alleles are widely distributed and have been found in California, Italy, Greece and Central America.

scholarly journals Transcriptional response to host chemical cues underpins the expansion of host range in a fungal plant pathogen lineage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Kusch ◽  
Justine Larrouy ◽  
Heba M. M. Ibrahim ◽  
Shantala Mounichetty ◽  
Noémie Gasset ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Plant Pathogen ◽  
Chemical Cues ◽  
Transcriptional Response ◽  
Fungal Plant Pathogen

scholarly journals Absence of isolation by distance patterns at the regional scale in the fungal plant pathogen Leptosphaeria maculans

2011 ◽  
Vol 115 (7) ◽  
pp. 649-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renaud Travadon ◽  
Ivan Sache ◽  
Cyril Dutech ◽  
Anna Stachowiak ◽  
Bruno Marquer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Pathogen ◽  
Isolation By Distance ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Leptosphaeria Maculans ◽  
Fungal Plant Pathogen

Analysis of the Influence of the Application of Effective Microorganisms on the Dynamics of Spring Wheat Emergence

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 684-693
Author(s):  
Anna Piotrowska
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Wheat Seed ◽  
Effective Microorganisms ◽  
Seed Dressing ◽  
Microbial Preparation

Deterioration of the natural environment as a result of violation of its natural structures and self-regulatory mechanisms causes an urgent need to replace chemicals with effective and multidirectional biopreparations. Reduction of the amount of chemicals used in agriculture becomes possible through the use of Effective Microorganisms. This will reduce the burden on the environment. Agriculture that uses EM technology can count on help with germination rates; emergence uniformity; and crop yields, for example. EM formulations contain a mixture of different coexisting microorganisms. The following paper presents the results of own research on the use of Effective Microorganisms in seed dressing of spring wheat. It was shown that the microbial preparation EM Naturally Active affects the increase of wheat seed germination dynamics.

scholarly journals Pathogenicity of monosporic and polysporic Bipolaris sorokiniana isolates to wheat seed and seedling under controlled conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (28) ◽  
pp. 2697-2704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minotto Elisandra ◽  
Bertoni Mann Michele ◽  
Vlez-Martin Eduardo ◽  
Feltrin Thaisa ◽  
Pasqualini Milagre Luciana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Wheat Seed ◽  
Controlled Conditions

RAPID DETERMINATION OF SEED GERMINATION POTENTIAL TO MEASURE QUALITY LOSS IN STORED WHEAT

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 1045-1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. D. G. WHITE ◽  
R. N. SINHA ◽  
W. E. MUIR
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Rapid Method ◽  
Rapid Determination ◽  
Quality Loss ◽  
Wheat Seed ◽  
Stored Wheat ◽  
Germination Potential

A rapid method of determining wheat seed germination after 1 day (G1) of incubation was found. Germination of wheat seed stored at [Formula: see text] moisture content is estimated by adding 12% to G1; at <17% moisture content germination is not consistently predicted by G1.

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