scholarly journals Nonce-loan judgments and impossible-nativization effects in Japanese

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Smith ◽  
Yuka Tashiro
Keyword(s):  
The Core ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Loanword Phonology

The core-periphery structure of the Japanese lexicon is well documented (e.g., Ito & Mester 1995ab, 1999), but there is some controversy as to whether it is synchronically productive. Productive core-periphery structure should show synchronic evidence for a HIERARCHY OF FOREIGNNESS (Kiparsky 1973) among non-native phonological structures, and should give rise to IMPOSSIBLE-NATIVIZATION EFFECTS (Ito & Mester 1999, 2001)--speakers should reject a nonce loanword that nativizes a 'less-foreign' structure while preserving a 'more-foreign' one. We carried out an experiment to collect nonce-loan nativization judgments from speakers of Japanese in order to test these claims. We found, first, that participants have a hierarchy of foreignness that is approximately like the predicted one, but differs in the relative markedness of singleton [p] and sequences of nasal+voiceless obstruent; we also found some interspeaker variation in the hierarchy. Second, while most participants showed nativization preferences that look like impossible- nativization effects, not all participants had a consistent hierarchy of preferences across all constraint pairs. These results have implications both for the phonological analysis of existing stratum-specific alternations in Japanese and for theoretical approaches to loanword phonology.

Philosophical Foundations of Evidence Law

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Dahlman ◽  
Alex Stein ◽  
Giovanni Tuzet
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Theory ◽  
Common Interest ◽  
Rational Beliefs ◽  
Philosophical Foundations ◽  
Legal Evidence ◽  
The Core ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Evidence Law ◽  
Core Issues ◽  
The Bayesian Approach

Philosophical Foundations of Evidence Law presents a cross-disciplinary overview of the core issues in the theory and methodology of adjudicative evidence and factfinding, assembling the major philosophical and interdisciplinary insights that define evidence theory, as related to law, in a single book. The volume presents contemporary debates on truth, knowledge, rational beliefs, proof, argumentation, explanation, coherence, probability, economics, psychology, bias, gender, and race. It covers different theoretical approaches to legal evidence, including the Bayesian approach, scenario theory, and inference to the best explanation. The volume’s contributions come from scholars spread across three continents and twelve different countries, whose common interest is evidence theory as related to law.

Argument Structure

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Viau ◽  
Ann Bunger
Keyword(s):  
Argument Structure ◽  
Balance Of Power ◽  
Developmental Research ◽  
The Core ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Current State ◽  
Thematic Relations

Children acquiring any language must develop an understanding both of how event components are encoded in verb meanings and of the argument structure of those verbs, that is, how the participants of the event that each verb describes map onto linguistic arguments. This chapter begins with an overview of the major issues in the study of argument structure, including a consideration of the balance of power between verbs and constructions as it pertains to the encoding of thematic relations and a comparison of theoretical approaches with an eye toward learnability. The core of the chapter consists of a comprehensive synthesis of the current state of developmental research on argument structure.

scholarly journals Formation of educational ecosystems through the digital transformation of the educational environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 121 ◽  
pp. 03004
Author(s):  
Irina Petrovna Gerashchenko ◽  
Vasiliy Aleksandrovich Kovalev
Keyword(s):  
Educational Environment ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
The Core ◽  
Business Ecosystem ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Economic Interaction ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The One ◽  
Graduating Students

Cognitive and digital transformation stimulates both academic and applied interest in the concept of socio-economic ecosystems. Today, traditional interaction chains in education, cooperation forms, for example, network ones, should give way to new organizational-economic interaction mechanisms – educational ecosystems. Research purpose is development of theoretical approaches to the formation of cross-geographic educational ecosystems through the digital transformation of the educational environment. The study is based on general scientific methods of systematization, comparison and generalization of research in the field of formation and functioning of ecosystems. Structural-functional and integrated approaches were used to develop the concept of formation of educational ecosystems. A comparative analysis of three overlapping ecosystem concepts (business ecosystems, knowledge ecosystems and innovation ecosystems) was carried out. The type, approaches and strategies for the formation of cross-geographic educational ecosystems have been determined. It is noted that digital transformation forms a digital educational environment, which can serve as the basis for the formation of cross-geographic educational ecosystems. As a typical basis for the formation of an educational ecosystem, it is proposed to use a business ecosystem as a form of socio-economic interaction of actors. As a strategy for the formation of an ecosystem, a structural strategy is defined with the allocation of a core – a leading university or an association of universities, and as actors – universities, students, post-graduate students, teachers, employees, graduating students, employers and other stakeholders. It is noted that the core plays a key role in the formation of a cross-geographic educational ecosystem. An effective strategy of the educational business ecosystem depends on the ability of the core to place other participants in positions and endow them with roles, on the one hand, corresponding to the strategy of the ecosystem as a whole, on the other hand, ensuring the actors’ satisfaction.

scholarly journals The Possibility of Introducing Bioethical Education to High Schools and Faculties in North Macedonia

Pannoniana ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 23-33
Author(s):  
Dejan Donev ◽  
Trajche Stojanov
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Moral Education ◽  
School System ◽  
Human Action ◽  
The Core ◽  
The North ◽  
Faculty Teaching ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Bioethical Education ◽  
Basic Level

Abstract Bioethics is a very important and complex contemporary field of thinking and activity. Knocking strong on our doors, various problems of health, environmental pollution, violence, conflicts, human indolence, criminal deeds, as well as bad behaviors of all different kinds, come to the core of humankind. All these problems require a serious and rapid human action. That is why it is very important to introduce bioethical education to all people. This paper is dealing with the issue of implementing ethical and bioethical education in the North Macedonian school system. It offers a brief review of the activities in this field so far, and it attempts to contextualize some theoretical approaches for ethical and bioethical education. The main thesis is that at the basic level ethical and bioethical education should be organized as moral education, but at the level of secondary school and faculty teaching the approach should be through critical thinking as the most appropriate for that age.

scholarly journals Calculating Therapeutic Compliance

2018 ◽  
pp. 30-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Klausner
Keyword(s):  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Generative Process ◽  
The Core ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Therapeutic Measures ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Technological Processing ◽  
Incremental Process

This article discusses calculation practices in the development of a monitoring device, aimed at improving therapeutic compliance of children and teenagers suffering from a deformation of the spine. In managing the complexities of physical parameters, therapeutic measures and interventions in every day life, numbers are central participants in inferring from and interfering into bodies and behaviours. Numbers are input and output of such monitoring systems, translating, circulating and visualizing body conditions, therapeutic effects and suggesting action. At the core of this generative process of capturing and interpreting data are algorithms as common participants of managing the complexities of vast amounts of data and providing the basis for interference in people’s lives. They process data and provide seemingly unambiguous numerical outcome, based on mathematical-technological processing of information. Attending to the incremental process of “learning algorithms” as central part of the system’s development allows me to describe the robustness of certain modes of inference. Beyond using the specific case as an exemplary for computer-based numerical inference and interference, the article is an attempt to probe and complement two theoretical approaches to the numerical management of complexity: Helen Verran’s focus on numbers’ performative properties and the potential tensions arising from divergent numerical orderings; and Paul Kockelman’s sieving of inferential and indexical chains along the generation of meaning and ontological transformativities.

Introduction—Conflicts of Rights in Theoretical and Comparative Perspective

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stijn Smet
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
European Convention ◽  
The Core ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Winner Take All ◽  
Conflicts Of Rights ◽  
Take All ◽  
Rights Conflicts

This introductory chapter frames the book’s debate by delineating the extent of persistent reasonable disagreement on both the existence and resolution of human rights conflicts in the context of the European Convention on Human Rights. Drawing on the core arguments of the book’s substantive chapters, the introduction highlights the central cleavages in the debate. The chapter first discusses arguments deployed to deny the very existence of conflicts of rights, as well as available counterarguments. It goes on to provide insight in different strategies aimed at minimizing the occurrence of conflicts. It finally suggests that the resolution of genuine human rights conflicts runs along four axes: balancing versus non-balancing; compromise versus winner-take-all; ad hoc balancing versus definitional balancing; and substantive reasoning versus procedural checks. Where useful, the chapter provides linkages to broader scholarly and judicial debates by accentuating relevant theoretical approaches and comparative materials.

The Rising of the Ubiquitous City

2011 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Firmino ◽  
Fábio Duarte ◽  
Clovis Ultramari
Keyword(s):  
Urban Life ◽  
Cultural Appropriation ◽  
Spatial Mobility ◽  
Global Networks ◽  
Locative Media ◽  
The Core ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Boundaries ◽  
Global World

In this chapter, the authors investigate how the shift to a completely urban global world intertwined by ubiquitous and mobile ICTs changes the ontological meaning of space, and how the use of these technologies challenges the social and political construction of territories and the cultural appropriation of places. The authors‘ approach to this conceptual debate will focus on what they consider to be more direct and tangible implications of this augmentation of urban life. Three types of manifestations will represent the core of the discussions presented here, both through theoretical approaches and analytical descriptions of some examples: surveillance artifacts which permeate daily life and allow a hypothetical total control of space; locative media that gives us the freedom of spatial mobility and the possibility of creating and recreating places; and the global networks of signs, values and ideologies, which break down the social and political boundaries of territories.

Monism vs. pluralism, the global financial crisis, and the methodological struggle in the field of International Political Economy

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joscha Wullweber
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
International Political Economy ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Research Strategies ◽  
The Core ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis

In recent years, a comprehensive debate has been taking place over the ontological, epistemological and methodological roots underlying the discipline of International Political Economy. A fundamental and sometimes fierce discussion arose over the questions of which research strategies should prevail, which methods should be applied and what kind of knowledge counts as scientific. The debate has tended to reduce the different positions and International Political Economy approaches to American International Political Economy on the one side and British International Political Economy on the other. Framing the perspectives in this way, however, is misleading. This article argues that the issue at the core of the methodological debate is not the American versus the British school, but rather theoretical monism versus theoretical pluralism. Hence, the core of the debate addresses the question whether scientific work in International Political Economy should ultimately subscribe to one methodology or one fundamental principle or whether the field should make use of a wide variety of theories and methods so as to enable scholars to adapt their research strategy depending on the case under study. A short analysis of existing approaches to the global financial crisis shows the importance of the existence of multiple perspectives, concepts and theoretical approaches. The paper concludes that the 2008 financial crisis in particular has shown how dangerous it is to reduce intellectual endeavour to a narrow mindset. Only pluralism conveys the ability to respond in an adequate manner to the old and new challenges of our times.

scholarly journals Formation of 2s-State Hydrogen Atom in Proton-Lithium Inelastic Scattering

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Elkilany
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Lithium Atom ◽  
Variational Calculation ◽  
Polarization Potential ◽  
Total Cross Sections ◽  
The Core ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Expansion Technique ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Reliable Representation

Elaborate coupled static formalism is employed for treatment of proton-lithium collisions at wide range of incident energies between 10 and 1000 Kev. Coupled static and frozen core approximations are employed for calculating partial and total cross sections. Only elastic and formation of excited hydrogen, H(2s), channels are considered. Total cross sections are calculated using seven partial waves Green’s function expansion technique of total angular momentum ℓ  (0≤ℓ≤6). Proposed iterative approach allows for reliable representation of the core potentials using elaborate variational calculation of target orbitals. Polarization potential of lithium atom is taken into consideration in calculating corresponding total cross sections. Quite interesting reliable results were obtained in comparison with other theoretical approaches.

scholarly journals ON THE PROBLEM OF METHODOLOGY OF STUDYING AND CLASSIFICATION OF MINERAL DEPOSITS

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 282-301
Author(s):  
R. G. Iblaminov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Deposits ◽  
Metamorphic Rocks ◽  
Unified Approach ◽  
Genetic Classification ◽  
Natural Mineral ◽  
The Core ◽  
Modeling Methodology ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
History Of

The modeling methodology is considered, and the static models that reflect the state of objects at the time of studying are analyzed. Based on these data, genetic retrospective models are constructed taking into account the modern data. They reflect the history of the processes that led to the formation of deposits. Models characterize the morphology, mineral and chemical composition of mineral bodies, conditions of occurrence, and features of surrounding rocks. Theoretical approaches and the content of modern genetic classification of mineral deposits are the core basis of knowledge about the geology of deposits. It is linked to the classification of igneous and metamorphic rocks described in the petrographic code, as well as to the modern lithology. Classification is necessary to systematize the entire variety of natural mineral objects, the origin of which is often ambiguous. It creates the basis for a unified approach to all natural objects that exist in the Earth's interior. The conditions for the formation of endogenous, exogenous and metamorphogenic deposits are considered. Endogenous objects are divided into three groups: magmatic, metasomatic, and hydrothermal. Among the exogenous, the sedimentogenetic, diagenetic, and catagenetic ranks are highlighted. Metamorphic deposits contain dynamothermal, regional-metasomatic, and migmatite classes, as well as thermal, dislocation, and impact metamorphism classes. Examples of typical deposits are given.

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