Determination of fire frequency on CNG and LPG transport in Russia

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
Е.Е. Простов ◽  
Е.Н. Простов ◽  
Д.М. Гордиенко
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Data ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Fire Frequency ◽  
Engine Fuel ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Engine ◽  
Operation Rules ◽  
The Russian Federation

Проанализированы статистические данные ФГБУ ВНИИПО МЧС России по пожарам на автомобилях с газобаллонным оборудованием (ГБО), по причинам пожаров на газобаллонных автомобилях (ГБА). Рассчитана средняя частота возникновения пожара для легковых, грузовых ГБА и автобусов с ГБО. Использованы сведения за 2015-2020 годы. There are reviewed and analyzed statistical data of FGBU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia on both number of fires in the Russian Federation depending on type of gas equipment (installations, appliances, devices), as a source of fire and fire causes. There are presented the results of evaluation of fire frequency in a year per one vehicle in operation and using compressed natural gas (CNG) or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) as autogas (separate data on CNG and LPG vehicles are not presented, since the existing statistical base on fires is not subdivided by types of gas engine fuel used in vehicles) in Russia due to violation of arrangement and operation rules (VAOR) of gas equipment. The specified data is representative for enterprises for storage and maintenance of autogas vehicles. The data characterises the fire hazard of GBF, whereas such fire causes as arson, VAOR of vehicles, etc. are not actually implemented at the abovementioned enterprises. Conclusions on the causes of fires at BGF vehicles are drawn.

scholarly journals Analysis of alternative motor-vehicle fuels

2021 ◽  
Vol 2094 (5) ◽  
pp. 052005
Author(s):  
M A Kovaleva ◽  
V G Shram ◽  
T N Vinichenko ◽  
E G Kravtsova ◽  
D G Slashchinin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Engine Fuel ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Engine ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Market Expansion

Abstract In this paper, the analysis of alternative fuels is carried out: electricity, hydrogen, biofuels (bioethanol, biodiesel, biogas), solar energy, compressed air, gas engine fuel (compressed natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, liquefied natural gas). The advantages and disadvantages of their use are indicated according to the criteria of environmental safety, cost, and infrastructure development. It is revealed that at the moment, gas-engine fuel, in particular liquefied petroleum gas and compressed natural gas, is most suitable for the transfer of the fleet. The economic and environmental effect of the market expansion is associated with the high environmental friendliness of this type of fuel, low price, large natural reserves, the development of the petrochemical industry of the country, the reduction of financial costs for the repair and reconstruction of physically and morally outdated oil refining and liquid fuel production enterprises, promising technical and technological solutions to transport problems.

Analysis of fire hazard of modern automobile gas cylinder equipment

2020 ◽  
pp. 102-112
Author(s):  
Алексей Юрьевич Шебеко ◽  
Евгений Евгеньевич Простов ◽  
Евгений Николаевич Простов ◽  
Денис Михайлович Гордиенко
Keyword(s):  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Motor Fuel ◽  
Engine Fuel ◽  
Fire Occurrence ◽  
Gas Engine ◽  
Automotive Fuel ◽  
Gas Cylinder ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Russian Federation

Представлено краткое описание автомобильных топливных систем, включающих в себя газобаллонное оборудование (ГБО) различных поколений, рассмотрена эволюция систем ГБО. Проанализированы статистические данные по автомобилям с ГБО, количество и причины пожаров на газобаллонных автомобилях (ГБА), рассчитана средняя частота возникновения пожаров для легковых, грузовых ГБА и автобусов с ГБО. A brief description of automotive fuel systems, including gas cylinder equipment (GCE) of various generations is presented. The evolution of gas cylinder equipment systems is considered. The safety of a gas cylinder is analysed depending on a wide range of factors. The statistics of FGBU VNIIPO on the number of fires in the Russian Federation by types of gas equipment (installations, devices, units), which became the source of the fire, as well as the statistics on causes of fires are presented and reviewed. There are presented the results of calculations concerning the frequency of fire occurrence per year per one vehicle that is in service and operates with CNG or LPG as a motor fuel in Russia due to violation of the rules for design and maintenance of gas equipment. The separate data on vehicles powered by CNG and LPG are not presented, since the existing statistical base on fires does not imply separation of vehicles by types of used gas engine fuel. The specified data are representative for enterprises for storage and maintenance of gas motor fuel vehicles and characterize the fire hazard of GCE, since such causes of fire as arson, violation of the rules for design and maintenance of vehicles, etc. are not actually implemented at the abovementioned enterprises. The data of the National Transportation Statistics of the USA in terms of the ratio of the total number of various vehicles to the number of running on gas engine fuel are considered. Conclusions on the causes of fires on gas cylinder automobile (GBA) are drawn.

A Research on Compressed Natural Gas Engine Fuel Supply System for Rapid Prototyping Based on AMEsim

2013 ◽  
Vol 724-725 ◽  
pp. 1317-1323
Author(s):  
De Gang Chen ◽  
Ren Yun Sun ◽  
Yu Dong Wu ◽  
Bo Wang
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Supply System ◽  
System Structure ◽  
Engine Fuel ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Engine ◽  
Natural Gas Engine ◽  
Fuel Supply ◽  
Fuel Supply System

AMESim model is on the basis of particular model gas engine fuel supply system. Elaborated the model in detail and made static and dynamic simulation. The static and dynamic characteristics curves of this system is got. Several important ideal structural parameters of this system were obtained. The results can be used for a theoretical basis for rapid prototyping and system structure optimization.

scholarly journals Tax aspects of foreign income of Russian seafarers

2021 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 10016
Author(s):  
Elena Lavrenteva ◽  
Aleksandra Brovkina
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Methodological Approaches

The paper discusses the features of taxation of foreign income of individuals. The main object of the study is the income of seafarers working on ships under a foreign flag, the peculiarities of the calculation and taxation of their wages. The statistical data on the level of wages and the structure of expenses of the families of seafarers are given. The methodological approaches to assessing the indirect contribution of seafarers working for foreign shipowners to the revenue side of the state budget through the purchase of goods, works and services on the territory of the Russian Federation have been substantiated. The proposed algorithm includes four stages. The first stage is the determination of the number of seafarers working on foreign ships. The second stage is the determination of the salaries of seafarers working on ships under a foreign flag. The third stage is the substantiation of the expenses of seafarers on the territory of the Russian Federation. The fourth stage is an assessment of the contribution of seafarers to budget revenues through indirect tax revenues from the goods, works and services they purchase. The paper highlights the main global trends in the issues of state regulation of foreign income of seafarers.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMBUSTION CHAMBER OF GAS ENGINE, CONVERTED ON THE BASIS OF DIESELS D-120 OR D-144 ENGINES TO WORK FOR ON LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS

2019 ◽  
pp. 2-8
Author(s):  
Serhii Kovalov
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Motor Fuel ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Gas Engine ◽  
Chamber Volume ◽  
Motor Fuels ◽  
Dynamic Cycle

The expediency of using vehicles of liquefied petroleum gas as a motor fuel, as com-pared with traditional liquid motor fuels, in particular with diesel fuel, is shown. The advantages of converting diesel engines into gas ICEs with forced ignition with respect to conversion into gas diesel engines are substantiated. The analysis of methods for reducing the compression ratio in diesel engines when converting them into gas ICEs with forced ignition has been carried out. It is shown that for converting diesel engines into gas ICEs with forced ignition, it is advisable to use the Otto thermo-dynamic cycle with a decrease in the geometric degree of compression. The choice is grounded and an open combustion chamber in the form of an inverted axisymmetric “truncated cone” is developed. The proposed shape of the combustion chamber of a gas internal combustion engine for operation in the LPG reduces the geometric compression ratio of D-120 and D-144 diesel engines with an unseparated spherical combustion chamber, which reduces the geometric compression ratio from ε = 16,5 to ε = 9,4. The developed form of the combustion chamber allows the new diesel pistons or diesel pistons which are in operation to be in operation to be refined, instead of making special new gas pistons and to reduce the geometric compression ratio of diesel engines only by increasing the combustion chamber volume in the piston. This method of reducing the geometric degree of compression using conventional lathes is the most technologically advanced and cheap, as well as the least time consuming. Keywords: self-propelled chassis SSh-2540, wheeled tractors, diesel engines D-120 and D-144, gas engine with forced ignition, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), compression ratio of the internal com-bustion engine, vehicles operating in the LPG.

THE IMPORTANCE OF THE RED BOOK OF SOILS FOR MONITORING AND JUSTIFICATION OF CONSERVATION MEASURES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.S. Bezuglova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Natural State ◽  
Soil Maps ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Conservation Measures ◽  
Background Data ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Rostov Region belongs to the highly protected natural territories characterized by the continuous plowing. There territories are the only reserves with the soils preserved in their natural state. However, these areas often lack detailed information about the soils quality and composition. Surveying soils on these territories is crucial for determination of their basic physical and chemical properties. The resulted compilation of soil maps could lay a foundation for creating the Red Book of Soils and the formation of a section in the soil-geographical database of the Russian Federation. Subsequently, such information can be used as a background data for the main types of soils in the region. It will be also valuable during monitoring and justification of conservation measures.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document