scholarly journals An update of the contemporary donor screening tests used in fecal microbiota transplantation for its future developments: A systematic review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
WY Ng Rita ◽  
◽  
Priyanga Dharmaratne ◽  
Ip Margaret
Keyword(s):  
Web Of Science ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
International Consensus ◽  
South East Asian Region ◽  
Donor Screening ◽  
Review Question

Review question / Objective: Western pacific and South-east Asian region have its own lifestyle and dietary habits, for an example, the prevalence of parasites and the MDR pathogens are different compared to the European region where most consensus documents have been disseminated. Hence, current investigation is being carried out in view of appraising contemporary methods that have been used internationally and to propose rigorous donor screening methods appropriate for the regional requirement. Information sources: EMBASE and MEDLINE through PubMed and WEB of SCIENCE. Additionally, we have reviewed all international consensus documents and local guidelines published in English.

scholarly journals Crosstalk between Gut and Brain in Alzheimer’s Disease: The Role of Gut Microbiota Modulation Strategies

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 690
Author(s):  
Umair Shabbir ◽  
Muhammad Sajid Arshad ◽  
Aysha Sameen ◽  
Deog-Hwan Oh
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Gut Dysbiosis ◽  
Dynamic Population

The gut microbiota (GM) represents a diverse and dynamic population of microorganisms and about 100 trillion symbiotic microbial cells that dwell in the gastrointestinal tract. Studies suggest that the GM can influence the health of the host, and several factors can modify the GM composition, such as diet, drug intake, lifestyle, and geographical locations. Gut dysbiosis can affect brain immune homeostasis through the microbiota–gut–brain axis and can play a key role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including dementia and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The relationship between gut dysbiosis and AD is still elusive, but emerging evidence suggests that it can enhance the secretion of lipopolysaccharides and amyloids that may disturb intestinal permeability and the blood–brain barrier. In addition, it can promote the hallmarks of AD, such as oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, amyloid-beta formation, insulin resistance, and ultimately the causation of neural death. Poor dietary habits and aging, along with inflammatory responses due to dysbiosis, may contribute to the pathogenesis of AD. Thus, GM modulation through diet, probiotics, or fecal microbiota transplantation could represent potential therapeutics in AD. In this review, we discuss the role of GM dysbiosis in AD and potential therapeutic strategies to modulate GM in AD.

scholarly journals Donor Screening for Fecal Microbiota Transplantation

2020 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-187
Author(s):  
Han Hee Lee ◽  
Young-Seok Cho
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Screening Process ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Donor Screening ◽  
Large Case Series ◽  
Large Case

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), which has been established as the standard treatment for recurrent <i>Clostroides</i> difficile infection, may also play a role in the management of other diseases associated with dysbiosis of the gut microbiota. To ensure efficacy and safety of FMT, an appropriate donor screening process is required. The main purpose of donor screening is to check for infectious diseases that could be transmitted to the recipient. The screening process involves a medical history questionnaire, and blood and stool testing. Several randomized clinical trials and large case series on FMT reported no, or few, adverse events related to infection by following this donor screening process. However, there is still concern over the transmission of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. In addition, a low donor acceptance rate due to rigorous screening makes donor recruitment difficult, and also imposes a significant cost burden. A consensus on the most crucial elements of donor screening is needed for wide application of FMT.

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Donor Screening Updates and Research Gaps for Solid Organ Transplant Recipients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nirja Mehta ◽  
Tiffany Wang ◽  
Rachel J. Friedman-Moraco ◽  
Cynthia Carpentieri ◽  
Aneesh K. Mehta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Solid Organ Transplant ◽  
Pathogen Transmission ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplant ◽  
Donor Screening ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile

In this review, we discuss stool donor screening considerations to mitigate potential risks of pathogen transmission through fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. SOT recipients have a higher risk for Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) and are more likely to have severe CDI. FMT has been shown to be a valuable tool in the treatment of recurrent CDI (RCDI), however guidelines for screening for opportunistic infections transmitted through FMT are underdeveloped. We review reported adverse effects of FMT as they pertain to an immunocompromised population and discuss current understanding and recommendations for screening found in the literature while noting gaps in research. We conclude that while FMT is being performed in the SOT population, typically with positive results, there remain many unanswered questions which may have major safety implications and warrant further study.

scholarly journals A standardised model for stool banking for faecal microbiota transplantation: a consensus report from a multidisciplinary UEG working group

2020 ◽  
pp. 205064062096789
Author(s):  
Josbert J Keller ◽  
Rogier E Ooijevaar ◽  
Christian L Hvas ◽  
Elisabeth M Terveer ◽  
Simone C Lieberknecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Group ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Guidance Document ◽  
The European Union ◽  
International Consensus ◽  
Human Donor ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile ◽  
Consensus Statements

Background Fecal microbiota transplantation is an emerging therapeutic option, particularly for the treatment of recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection. Stool banks that organise recruitment and screening of feces donors are being embedded within the regulatory frameworks described in the European Union Tissue and Cells Directive and the technical guide to the quality and safety of tissue and cells for human application, published by the European Council. Objective Several European and international consensus statements concerning fecal microbiota transplantation have been issued. While these documents provide overall guidance, we aim to provide a detailed description of all processes that relate to the collection, handling and clinical application of human donor stool in this document. Methods Collaborative subgroups of experts on stool banking drafted concepts for all domains pertaining to stool banking. During a working group meeting in the United European Gastroenterology Week 2019 in Barcelona, these concepts were discussed and finalised to be included in our overall guidance document about fecal microbiota transplantation. Results A guidance document for all domains pertaining to stool banking was created. This document includes standard operating manuals for several processes involved with stool banking, such as handling of donor material, storage and donor screening. Conclusion The implementation of fecal microbiota transplantation by stool banks in concordance with our guidance document will enable quality assurance and guarantee the availability of donor feces preparations for patients.

scholarly journals Extended Screening Costs Associated With Selecting Donors for Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome-Associated Diseases

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura J Craven ◽  
Seema Nair Parvathy ◽  
Justin Tat-Ko ◽  
Jeremy P Burton ◽  
Michael S Silverman
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Central Processing ◽  
Donor Screening ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Knowledge of the impact of the gut microbiome on conditions other than Clostridium difficile infection has been rapidly increasing, and the potential usefulness of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in these indications is being explored. The need to exclude donors with an increased risk of these diseases has left uncertainties regarding the cost and feasibility of donor screening. The aim of this study was to compare our experience to other donor-screening programs and report the costs associated with establishing a donor-screening program, for the treatment of metabolic syndrome-related conditions. Methods Forty-six potential donors (PDs) had their medical histories and physical examinations undertaken by a physician. Blood, stool, and urine were screened for 31 viral, bacterial, fungal, and protozoan agents in addition to biochemical characteristics. The price of advertising, doctor’s visits and diagnostic tests were calculated to determine the cost of finding a donor. Results Of the PDs screened, 5 of 46 passed the history, examination, blood, stool, and urine tests. The most common reasons for exclusion included a body mass index &gt;25 or the detection of Blastocystis hominis, Dientamoeba fragilis, or Helicobacter pylori. Four of five eligible donors had subsequent travel or illness that contraindicated donation, so only 1 of 46 PDs was suitable. The total cost for finding a single suitable donor was $15190 US dollars. This screening was performed in Canada, and costs in the United States would be substantially higher. Conclusions New potential therapeutic uses for FMT have created a demand for stricter exclusion criteria for donors. This study illustrates that screening many individuals to find a donor and the subsequent associated costs may make central processing and shipment a more reasonable alternative.

Donor Screening Experience for Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Patients With Recurrent C. difficile Infection

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raseen Tariq ◽  
Renee Weatherly ◽  
Patricia Kammer ◽  
Darrell S. Pardi ◽  
Sahil Khanna
Keyword(s):  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Donor Screening

scholarly journals Donor screening for fecal microbiota transplantation in China: Evaluation of 8,483 candidates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaoyi Zhang ◽  
Qiyi Chen ◽  
Colleen R. Kelly ◽  
Zain Kassam ◽  
Huanlong Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Donor Screening

scholarly journals S146 Donor Screening for Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in China: Evaluation of 8,483 Candidates

2021 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. S64-S64
Author(s):  
Shaoyi Zhang ◽  
Chen Ye ◽  
Colleen R. Kelly ◽  
Zain Kassam ◽  
Di Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Donor Screening

scholarly journals Stool banking for fecal microbiota transplantation: methods and operations at a large stool bank

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Chen ◽  
Amanda Zaman ◽  
Bharat Ramakrishna ◽  
Scott W Olesen
Keyword(s):  
Median Time ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Improve Patient Care ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Screening Guidelines ◽  
Donor Screening ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile Infection ◽  
Improve Patient ◽  
Stool Bank

Objectives: Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a recommended therapy for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection and is being investigated as a potential therapy for dozens of microbiome-mediated indications. Stool banks centralize FMT donor screening and FMT material preparation with the goal of improving the safety, quality, convenience, and accessibility of FMT material. Although there are published consensuses on donor screening guidelines, there are few reports about the implementation of those guidelines in functioning stool banks. Methods: To help inform consensus standards with data gathered from real-world settings and, in turn, to improve patient care, here we describe the general methodology used in 2018 by OpenBiome, a large stool bank, and its outputs in that year. Results: In 2018, the stool bank received 7,536 stool donations from 210 donors, a daily average of 20.6 donations, and processed 4,271 of those donations into FMT preparations. The median time a screened and enrolled stool donor actively donated stool was 5.8 months. The median time between the manufacture of an FMT preparation and its shipment to a hospital or physician was 8.9 months. Half of the stool bank's partner hospitals and physicians ordered an average of 0.75 or fewer FMT preparations per month. Conclusions: Further knowledge sharing should help inform refinements of stool banking guidelines and best practices. 

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