scholarly journals Macular Pseudohole: Pathophysiology, Classification, Clinical Findings, Diagnosis, and Treatment

2018 ◽  
pp. 308-312
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Vitreoretinal Surgery ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Full Thickness ◽  
Epiretinal Membranes ◽  
Macular Holes ◽  
Macular Pseudohole ◽  
History Of ◽  
Foveal Center

Macular pseudohole is characterized by a specific appearance of epiretinal membranes (ERM) that spares the foveal center resembling a macular hole in the ophthalmoscopic examination. The foveal center is displaced by the contraction of ERM. The differential diagnosis of pseudoholes from full-thickness and lamellar macular holes may not be easy. The natural history of macular pseudoholes is good but vision may decrease if the distortion in foveal center increases. The outcome of early surgical treatment of full-thickness macular holes is good and several methods and tests have been used for the differential diagnosis of full-thickness macular holes and pseudoholes. The diagnosis, determination of pathogenetic mechanisms, and subgroups of macular pseudoholes have become relatively easy after the availability of optical coherence tomography in ophthalmological practice. The macular pseudoholes may be classified as a subgroup of ERM’s and the treatment is either observation or vitreoretinal surgery with a good outcome in cases with decreased visual acuity.

scholarly journals A case report: spontaneous postpartum rupture of unscarred uterus

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 3420
Author(s):  
Swati Singh ◽  
Ravinder Ahlawat
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Emergency Laparotomy ◽  
Full Thickness ◽  
Uterine Incision ◽  
History Of ◽  
Rupture Of Uterus ◽  
Specific Symptoms

Rupture of uterus is characterized by a breach in the wall of the uterus involving its full thickness. An unscarred uterus rupture is uncommon. It has non-specific symptoms and presentation differs according to site and time of rupture. Authors report an unusual case of spontaneous rupture of unscarred uterus. A 32-year-old, pregnant woman, developed postpartum bleeding with no history of prior uterine incision. She was diagnosed as a case of rupture of uterus and emergency laparotomy was done. Early diagnosis and immediate surgical intervention may significantly improve the prognosis. Differential diagnosis of uterine rupture should always be kept in mind in all patients with or without risk factors.

Arc flash macular hole

2020 ◽  
pp. 112067212097623
Author(s):  
Ruminder Kaur ◽  
Prateek Koul
Keyword(s):  
Laser Beam ◽  
Macular Hole ◽  
Electric Shock ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Full Thickness ◽  
Bright Flash ◽  
Macular Holes ◽  
Full Thickness Macular Hole ◽  
History Of ◽  
Arc Flash

Macular holes are common. Lightening, direct electric shock induced and laser beam induced macular holes are though rare. Reporting a case of spark flashlight (Arc Flash) induced macular hole in an electrician, which has never been reported. A 19 year old male electrician by profession presented to our clinic with a history of exposure to a bright flash light from spark of wires while at work that led to decrease of vision in his both eyes. Examination revealed a full thickness macular hole in his right eye and loss of foveal photoreceptors in the left eye. Arc flash light exposure in electricians can lead to macular holes too adding a new entity to the already existing types of macular holes.

Pitfalls in the determination of intracranial spread of complicated suppurative sinusitis

1996 ◽  
Vol 110 (7) ◽  
pp. 673-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Conlon ◽  
A. Curran ◽  
C. V. Timon
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Intracranial Extension ◽  
Sinus Disease ◽  
Grand Mal ◽  
History Of ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

AbstractWe present two cases of suppurative sinusitis that presented to our casualty department over a one-week period. Both patients suffered complications of the disease secondary to extension of the inflammatory process beyond the bony confines of the sinus. Neither of the patients had a previous history of sinus disease. The first patient deteriorated suddenly 24 hours after admission. The initial computed tomography (CT) scan failed to demonstrate a developing subdural empyema. This complication was confirmed following repeat scanning 24 hours later and the patient required urgent neurosurgical intervention and drainage. The second patient presented with periorbital cellulitis secondary to sinusitis and suffered a grand mal seziure on admission. Once again initial CT scan changes were subtle and significant intracranial extension was not noted until the subsequent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan was performed.The purpose of this paper is to highlight the potential dangers over reliance on CT scanning in diagnosing early intracranial spread of sinus disease and we emphasise that the clinician must interpret any radiological investigations in light of the associated clinical findings.

scholarly journals Degenerative lamellar macular holes: tractional development and morphological alterations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Bringmann ◽  
Jan Darius Unterlauft ◽  
Renate Wiedemann ◽  
Thomas Barth ◽  
Matus Rehak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Wound Repair ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Epiretinal Membranes ◽  
Morphological Alterations ◽  
Macular Holes ◽  
Foveal Center

Abstract Purpose The development of degenerative lamellar macular holes (DLH) is largely unclear. This study was aimed at documenting with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography the tractional development and morphological alterations of DLH. Methods A retrospective case series of 44 eyes of 44 patients is described. Results The development of DLH is preceded for months or years by tractional deformations of the fovea due to the action of contractile epiretinal membranes (ERM) and/or the partially detached posterior hyaloid, or by cystoid macular edema (CME). DLH may develop after a tractional stretching and thickening of the foveal center, from a foveal pseudocyst, after a detachment of the foveola from the retinal pigment epithelium, a disruption of the foveal structure due to CME, and after surgical treatment of tractional lamellar or full-thickness macular holes (FTMH). The foveal configuration of a DLH can be spontaneously reestablished after short transient episodes of CME and a small FTMH. A DLH can evolve to a FTMH by traction of an ERM. Surgical treatment of a DLH may result in an irregular regeneration of the foveal center without photoreceptors. Conclusions Tractional forces play an important role in the development of DLH and in the further evolution to FTMH. It is suggested that a DLH is the result of a retinal wound repair process after a tractional disruption of the Müller cell cone and a degeneration of Henle fibers, to prevent a further increase in the degenerative cavitations.

Slow Developing Sheehan Syndrome with Spontaneous Pregnancies: A Case Report and Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-66
Author(s):  
Erdinç Gülümsek ◽  
Hilmi Erdem Sümbül ◽  
Zübeyir Arslan ◽  
Burçak Çakır Peköz ◽  
Hasan Koca
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Obstetric Care ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Hormone Deficiency ◽  
Pituitary Insufficiency ◽  
Sheehan Syndrome ◽  
History Of ◽  
Damage Symptoms

Sheehan's syndrome (SS) is known as pituitary insufficiency that develops after bleeding and hypovolemia at birth or after birth. The pathological and clinical findings of SS were first described by Harold L. Sheehan. Due to improvements in obstetric care, the frequency of the disease has declined worldwide. Sheehan syndrome is a rare cause of hypopituitarism in developed countries.. However, it is more common in underdeveloped and developing countries. Small sella size enlargement of the pituitary gland, autoimmunity also play a role in the pathogenesis of the disease. Depending on the pituitary damage, symptoms may appear immediately or years later. It may be presented as isolated hormone deficiency or pan hypopituitarism. For diagnosis, it is important to have a history of excessive hemorrhage at birth, amenorrhea and inability to breastfeed. Lymphocytic hypophysitis should be remembered in differential diagnosis. In this review, a patient with serious post-partum hemorrhage, followed by a history of 3 pregnancies is presented with a slow developing and pan hypopituitarism-causing SS and current physio pathological data in SS are presented.

scholarly journals Complications of Macular Peeling

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónica Asencio-Duran ◽  
Beatriz Manzano-Muñoz ◽  
José Luis Vallejo-García ◽  
Jesús García-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Retinal Detachment ◽  
Surgical Technique ◽  
Macular Edema ◽  
Internal Limiting Membrane ◽  
Full Thickness ◽  
Epiretinal Membranes ◽  
Macular Holes ◽  
Retinal Disorders

Macular peeling refers to the surgical technique for the removal of preretinal tissue or the internal limiting membrane (ILM) in the macula for several retinal disorders, ranging from epiretinal membranes (primary or secondary to diabetic retinopathy, retinal detachment…) to full-thickness macular holes, macular edema, foveal retinoschisis, and others. The technique has evolved in the last two decades, and the different instrumentations and adjuncts have progressively advanced turning into a safer, easier, and more useful tool for the vitreoretinal surgeon. Here, we describe the main milestones of macular peeling, drawing attention to its associated complications.

Prevalence, correlates, and natural history of epiretinal membranes surrounding idiopathic macular holes

Ophthalmology ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 107 (5) ◽  
pp. 853-859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingyun Cheng ◽  
William R. Freeman ◽  
Ugur Ozerdem ◽  
Mi-Kyoung Song ◽  
Stanley P. Azen
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Epiretinal Membranes ◽  
Macular Holes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Idiopathic Macular Holes

State-by-State Use of AMA Guides

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 3-7, 16
Keyword(s):  
Expert Testimony ◽  
Narrow Range ◽  
The United States ◽  
Workers Compensation ◽  
Federal Employees ◽  
Permanent Disability ◽  
Sixth Edition ◽  
History Of ◽  
Canadian Provinces

Abstract This article presents a history of the origins and development of the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides), from the publication of an article titled “A Guide to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment of the Extremities and Back” (1958) until a compendium of thirteen guides was published in book form in 1971. The most recent, sixth edition, appeared in 2008. Over time, the AMA Guides has been widely used by US states for workers’ compensation and also by the Federal Employees Compensation Act, the Longshore and Harbor Workers’ Compensation Act, as well as by Canadian provinces and other jurisdictions around the world. In the United States, almost twenty states have developed some form of their own impairment rating system, but some have a narrow range and scope and advise evaluators to consult the AMA Guides for a final determination of permanent disability. An evaluator's impairment evaluation report should clearly document the rater's review of prior medical and treatment records, clinical evaluation, analysis of the findings, and a discussion of how the final impairment rating was calculated. The resulting report is the rating physician's expert testimony to help adjudicate the claim. A table shows the edition of the AMA Guides used in each state and the enabling statute/code, with comments.

Comparison of standardised lymphoscintigraphic function test and high resolution sonography of the lymphoedema of legs

Phlebologie ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 37 (05) ◽  
pp. 247-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. S. Brauer ◽  
W. J. Brauer
Keyword(s):  
Lower Leg ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Fatty Tissue ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Function Test ◽  
Unreliable Method ◽  
Negative Conclusion ◽  
Fine Disperse

SummaryPurpose: Comparison of qualitative and quantitative sonography with the lymphoscintigraphic function test and clinical findings in legs. Patients, methods: In 33 patients a lymphoscintigraphic function test of legs combined with measurement of lymph node uptake was performed and subsequently compared with sonography. Sonographic criteria were: Thickness of cutis, thickness of subcutanean fatty tissue and presence of liquid structures or fine disperse tissue structure of lower limbs, foots and toes. Results: In 51 legs uptake values lie in the pathologic area, in four legs in the grey area and in ten legs in the normal area. The cutis thickness in the lower leg shows no significant correlation with the uptake. The determination of the thickness of the subcutanean fatty tissue of the lower leg and of the cutis thickness of the feet turned out to be an unreliable method. In 47% of the medial lower legs and in 57% of the lateral lower legs with clinical lymphoedema sonography is falsely negative. Conclusion: Early lymphoedema is only detectable with the lymphoscintigraphic function test. In the case of clinical lymphoedema clinical examination is more reliable than sonography.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document