Trends in Hydropower

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Vesko Djelić ◽  
Igor Kern ◽  
Zlatko Peršin ◽  
Matic Ocepek
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Regulation System ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Energy Regulation ◽  
Hydroelectric Power

With a global focus on reducing carbon dioxide emissions, hydro power has come to the fore as an effective means of balancing other forms of electricity production from renewable sources (wind, photovoltaics and biomass). The role of hydropower in the modern mix of energy has led to favorable climatic conditions for development in the construction of new plants and upgrading with the renovation of existing hydroelectric power plants. Especially reversible hydropower plants with modern equipment with the so-called variable speed technology have a special role, which enables stability in the primary and secondary energy regulation system. A noteworthy trend is the construction of new facilities with low falls with the installation of highly efficient Kaplan and Tubular turbines. The already built projects in the fifth and sixth decades of the previous century, especially in northern Europe, are rapidly revamped and prepared for use in the next 40 to 50 years. Modern and sustainable approach to designing and preparing documentation for the construction of new or renewable power plants requires the use of modern information technology with 3D design and BIM (Building information Modeling) approach. In this way, young generations of engineers and consultants are easier to communicate with each other and reduce the possibility of errors in all phases of project realization. Key to the realization is the contracting of projects, the big dilemma whether to have EPC (Engineering, Procurement, and Construction) contracts (turnkey) a responsibility in one place or to deal with separate lots and engage their employees to control realization in order to minimize risk. Special attention is given to model research and development of turbines with reciprocal tests both on the model and prototype turbines.

scholarly journals Nuclear Power in Frames of Sustainable Development

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-49
Author(s):  
Olga V. Kudryavtseva ◽  
Alexander S. Derkach ◽  
Simon V. Manushko ◽  
Fyodor D. Nesvetov ◽  
Sergey V. Pekarev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Nuclear Industry ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Environmental Status ◽  
Fuel Costs

This research examines nuclear power in the context of sustainable development and assesses the relationship between the structure of energy production in the country and its environmental status. In the article the authors consider the technological and organizational aspects of the nuclear industry, which justify the prospects of this direction. Nuclear power has a low share of fuel costs in the structure of production cost in comparison to other energy sources, as well as a high capacity factor. Investment programs of developing countries include the construction of new nuclear power plants, and investment programs of developed countries include the construction of new ones or modernization of existing ones. According to the created model, the increase in the share of nuclear power in the structure of electricity production has a significant impact on reducing carbon dioxide emissions.

Coping with carbon: a near-term strategy to limit carbon dioxide emissions from power stations

2008 ◽  
Vol 366 (1882) ◽  
pp. 3891-3900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Breeze
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Coal Consumption ◽  
Commercial Development ◽  
Near Term

Burning coal to generate electricity is one of the key sources of atmospheric carbon dioxide emissions; so, targeting coal-fired power plants offers one of the easiest ways of reducing global carbon emissions. Given that the world's largest economies all rely heavily on coal for electricity production, eliminating coal combustion is not an option. Indeed, coal consumption is likely to increase over the next 20–30 years. However, the introduction of more efficient steam cycles will improve the emission performance of these plants over the short term. To achieve a reduction in carbon emissions from coal-fired plant, however, it will be necessary to develop and introduce carbon capture and sequestration technologies. Given adequate investment, these technologies should be capable of commercial development by ca 2020.

scholarly journals "A Generator": A Mini Hydroelectric Apparatus as Renewable Source of Energy

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Secil Satir ◽  
Yildirim B. Kestane ◽  
Sertan Dogru
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Hydroelectric Power Plants ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Clean Energy Source

Abstract--The matter is considered in the scope of sustainability and initially the basis and content of the term is defined. Based on this definition, the qualities of water and water energy are inspected as water is one of the most important type of clean energy source. Water energy is a time-honored renewable energy whose use dates back to earliest periods in history. The subject titled “A Generator” is a small but significant support to environmental protection as it defines a patented object which generates energy from water with a mini apparatus. Protection of future lives of creatures and keeping them in infinite existence necessitate taking measures in advance. Concepts such as environment protection, sustainability, green energy, green economy etc. have also been under consideration by the UN since the 1970s. The subject is very comprehensive. This paper inspects as required hydroelectric power plants which produce clean energy and date back to ancient times. Water, as main source of hydroelectric power plants, is collected in proper basins and thus provided with potential energy. Water is then dropped from heights to trigger its kinetic energy and canalized to turbine wheels, moving which it turns kinetic/mechanical energy into electric power. This basic characteristic of water is evaluated in a mini apparatus this time. And an apparatus of unaccustomed size is obtained, which could support electricity production in household wet areas.

Environmental evaluation of Turkey’s transboundary rivers' hydropower systems

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 684-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Berkun
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Environmental Evaluation ◽  
Hydropower Potential ◽  
Hydroelectric Power Plants

The Southeastern Anatolia Project (GAP), encompassing 27 dams and 19 hydroelectric power plants, is a large-scale water management program aiming at an increase in domestic electricity production and the development of vast irrigation schemes for agriculture. In spite of numerous benefits experienced in the area, there is also a multitude of impacts observed on the environment. The Coruh River is the longest river of the East Black Sea region and is of high economic importance to Turkey because of its largely exploitable hydropower potential. The Coruh project consists of 27 planned dams and hydroelectric power plants. The planned dams have the potential to cause serious environmental effects in upstream Turkey and downstream Georgia. Equitable, rational, and optimal utilization of transboundary water resources can be achieved through a scientific study, which will determine the true water needs of each riparian country. A precise assessment is needed of the economic, ecological, and social problems on the basis of the environmental impact and cumulative effect assessment reports.

Efficiency Optimization of a 30MW Main Boiler Feedwater Pump Using CFD and Scaled Model Tests

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pieter Teesink ◽  
Frank Visser ◽  
Jeroen Jochems
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Model Tests ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Scaled Model ◽  
Design Constraint ◽  
Feedwater Pump ◽  
Energy Consuming ◽  
Boiler Feedwater

Environmental impact of electricity production has come under increasing international scrutiny over the last few decades. In particular, fossil fuel-fired power plants constitute a significant portion of the world’s carbon dioxide emissions. One of the main internal energy-consuming components in a thermal power plant is the main boiler feedwater pump, and its efficiency is a contributor to overall plant efficiency. This paper reports the design optimization of a 30 MW multistage, double-case, volute pump in order to increase overall efficiency by at least three percentage points. The six stage barrel pump produces 3865 m (12680 ft) of head at a capacity of 2750 m3/hr (12100 USGPM) at a speed of 4665 RPM. The machine is installed at the coal-fired supercritical Nuon Hemweg 8 power station in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, as the main boiler feedwater pump. The design study employed Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to identify energy losses and evaluate design iterations. This paper describes the optimization of several individual components, including volutes, short and long crossovers, suction box and final discharge. Scaled model tests were conducted on series stages to validate the CFD results. Additional design constraint that had to be taken into account was that new hardware had to be installed within the limits of the existing pressure boundary components, sealing device and bearing design, which confines the design space considerably. Hardware has, at the time of writing this paper, entered production and is planned to be installed during a May 2013 plant outage.

Economy Analysis of Electricity Production From Hydrogen in Combination With Nuclear Power Plant

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jurij Avsec ◽  
Peter Virtic´ ◽  
Tomazˇ Zˇagar ◽  
Luka Sˇtrubelj
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Nuclear Technology ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
Hydrogen Technologies

Efficient and sustainable methods of clean fuel and energy production are needed in all countries of the world in the face of depleting oil reserves and the need to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. Some countries are developing technologies that could be named zero carbon technologies. The presented article will show how hydrogen technologies could be implemented with renewable technologies and nuclear technology. Nuclear technology produce very cheap electricity and could produce also cheap energy like heat and vapour. This technology should be used in nuclear power plants to develop other products like hydrogen, biofuels or district heating. One of the biggest opportunities for nuclear energy technology is to produce hydrogen. Some countries like Canada and US are in preparation to build hydrogen villages. However, a key missing element is a large-scale method of hydrogen production [1–5]. As a carbon-based technology, the predominant existing process (steam-methane reforming (SMR)) is unsuitable. This paper focuses on a production of hydrogen in connection with a nuclear power plant. We will show the technologies which allow the coupling between a nuclear power plant and hydrogen technologies.

scholarly journals Predicting Energy Generation Using Forecasting Techniques in Catalan Reservoirs

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raúl Parada ◽  
Jordi Font ◽  
Jordi Casas-Roma
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Times Series ◽  
Forecasting Techniques

Reservoirs are natural or artificial lakes used as a source of water supply for society daily applications. In addition, hydroelectric power plants produce electricity while water flows through the reservoir. However, reservoirs are limited natural resources since water levels vary according to annual rainfalls and other natural events, and consequently, the energy generation. Therefore, forecasting techniques are helpful to predict water level, and thus, electricity production. This paper examines state-of-the-art methods to predict the water level in Catalan reservoirs comparing two approaches: using the water level uniquely, uni-variant; and adding meteorological data, multi-variant. With respect to relating works, our contribution includes a longer times series prediction keeping a high precision. The results return that combining Support Vector Machine and the multi-variant approach provides the highest precision with an R 2 value of 0.99.

SPECIFIC FEATURES OF WATER-ENERGY REGIMES OF HPP IN SYMBIOSIS WITH SOLAR PLANTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 104-110
Author(s):  
O. N. CHERNYH ◽  
◽  
A. V. BURLACHENKO ◽  
V. V. VOLSHANIK
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Electric Power Industry ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Regulation ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Joint Work ◽  
Energy Complex ◽  
Hydroelectric Power Plants

The results of the analysis of the problems associated with the development of the world solar energy are presented. It is noted that at the present stage of the electric power industry, the potential of renewable energy sources (RES) is still poorly realized. The specific issues of water-energy modes of operation of hydroelectric power plants (HPPs), operating in symbiosis with solar photovoltaic installations (SPEU) have been identified, the schedule of which should be the same. It is shown that the operation of hydroelectric power plants and SPEU in the joint electric load schedule makes it possible to obtain a constructive and economic effect due to the fuel saving of power plants of various types, including thermal ones. The maximum capacity of the HPP-SPEU power complex is optimized by the installed capacity of the HPP while observing the full duplication of the SPEU capacity by other power plants of the energy system. It is shown on the example of the Lagdo hydroelectric complex in the northern Cameroon that under the conditions of developing countries with a large solar and hydraulic potential (Cameroon, Zimbabwe, Uganda, etc.), as well as for the southern regions of Russia, SPEU can produce up to 75% of the annual electricity generation during the low-water period of the year at its joint work in the energy complex with the hydroelectric power plant. This makes it possible to facilitate the redistribution of the river fl ow during the entire low-water period without attracting additional useful storage capacity of the reservoir. The developed methodology for optimizing the water-energy regulation regime can also be applied during the operation of the HPP of the HPP-SPEU energy complex along the watercourse, i.e. with daily flow regulation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document