scholarly journals RESEARCH ON EEOI PARAMETRIC CONNECTION OF A SHIP DURING THE REAL VOYAGE CONDUCTION

2020 ◽  
pp. 105-116
Author(s):  
Valeriy E. Leonov Leonov ◽  
Oleksandr D. Serdyuk Serdyuk
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Parametric Dependence ◽  
Distance Calculation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Energy Efficiency Design Index

The round-the-world transition of m/v Katherine ship is considered. The aim of this work is to minimize the Energy Efficiency Operational Indicator (EEOI) of the vessel, and, accordingly, to minimize the ship's fuel consumption and carbon dioxide emission depending on the parameters of sea transition: Vs, mass of transported cargo, and the distance of the passage. For specifically selected ship power plant (SPP), the parametric dependence of Vs and fuel consumption on the share of used power is determined by calculation method. The Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) is determined by the model given in Resolution MEPC.212(63). The EEOI is determined depending on the ship fuel consumption, the carbon concentration in the ship’s fuel with the main parameters accepted for transition Vs, transported cargo mass , the sea passage distance . Calculation studies are conducted in a wide range of sea transition parameters – transition distance within 200 to 2,800 nm, the Vs from 0.01 to 24.0 knots, cargo mass ranging within 4,000 to 70,000 tons.

Holistic Energy Mapping Methodology for Reduced Fuel Consumption and Emissions

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serena Lim ◽  
Kayvan Pazouki ◽  
Alan J. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Energy Flow ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Concept Design ◽  
Energy Efficiency Design Index

There are increasing concerns and regulations regarding the emission of pollutants from shipping. Therefore, regulations such as the Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP) and Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) have been made mandatory to cope with climate change concerns. To put these efforts into practice, the Energy Efficiency Operational Indicator (EEOI) was introduced in 2009 to account for the fuel consumption, distance travelled by the vessel and cargo mass. However, it is stated that these do not apply to ships that are not engaged in transport work such as research vessels and tugboats. These short sea shipping vessels have been neglected under current indexes and it is not possible for their properties to be quantified since current indices are for vessels carrying loads. The numbers of these specialised vessels are increasing in local waters, and are closer to coastal communities where concerns and impact from these pollutants would be more direct. In the IMO greenhouse gas study, options for improving energy efficiency in terms of design includes the concept, design speed and capability, hull and superstructure, power and propulsion whilst the principle of energy efficiency in terms of operation includes fleet management, logistics and incentives, voyage optimisation and energy management. A reliable energy flow breakdown architecture and diagnostics for these smaller vessels is important and will contribute to an understanding of the energy production, distribution and consumption on-board. This feeds into the IMO plan to encourage energy management. A systematic approach consisting of five distinct stages is recommended to accomplish a holistic approach for energy efficiency management. This includes understanding of energy flow breakdown architecture, vessel survey to understand operation and conduct, review existing sensors and new sensor installation, sensor communication and data processing, and finally data analysis. These stages are addressed in this paper to provide an overall understanding of a robust energy efficiency audit procedure and sensor matrix. This includes unifying the existing on-board sensors with the proposed new sensors for additional data collection where primary parameters are not readily available. Inferred secondary parameter calculations are also applied where direct data collection is not possible. This will allow information from the vessel to be transmitted to a common platform to enable detailed data analysis. The aim of this work is to improve energy management and monitoring, which leads to understanding and managing consumption of energy. A case study of this methodology has been carried out on the Princess Royal, a Newcastle University research vessel. Recommendations for further testing and optimisation of this methodology will be applied to tugboats and Offshore Supply Vessels (OSV).

scholarly journals Microalgal applications in bioindustry

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Susan Blackburn
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Arthrospira Platensis ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
Blue Green Alga ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Aquatic Food

Microalgae are microscopic plants inhabiting the world?s oceans and other aquatic environments. They are critical for the health of the planet, being responsible for at least half of the global primary productivity. Like other photosynthetic (autotrophs) organisms, microalgae capture solar radiation and convert it to chemical energy as biomass, forming the basis of aquatic food webs, fixing carbon dioxide and producing oxygen as part of the process. Other microalgae (heterotrophs) can utilise organic compounds for growth. As single-celled packages of bioactive molecules that can be cultured to produce high levels of biomass, microalgae are a renewable resource with a wide range of applications in bioindustry. Their use is established in the human nutraceutical industry with ?super foods? such as Spirulina from the cyanobacterium (blue green alga) Arthrospira platensis (Figure 1). Intense interest surrounds the development of microalgae as a source of biofuels, and in the mitigation of CO2 and other greenhouse gases (GHG). Other bioactive compounds, as well as genes from microalgae, offer new opportunities for bioindustry.

Experimental Investigations on the Characteristics of Biomass and Coal-Biomass Fuel Briquettes

2013 ◽  
Vol 683 ◽  
pp. 246-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chin Yee Sing ◽  
Mohd Shiraz Aris ◽  
Hussain Hamoud Al-Kayiem
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Biomass Fuel ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Palm Kernel Shell ◽  
Value Added Products

Combustion of coal, a fossil fuel, in power plant, is a major source of carbon dioxide emission, a greenhouse gas that causes global warming. Malaysia is one of the major exporters of palm oil and has 421 palm oil mills operating in 2010. Some of the residues from these mills like palm kernel shell and palm mesocarp fibre were converted into value-added products. An optimum biomass fuel briquette was obtained with palm kernel shell and palm mesocarp fibre as the major ingredients. Co-firing coal with biomass is a possible approach for power plant to curb the excessive emission of carbon dioxide. In this study, bio-briquette having 50% coal and 50% biomass which consisted of the ingredients of optimum biomass fuel briquette were studied in details. Comparison of the fuel properties, combustion characteristics and carbon dioxide emission between the optimum biomass fuel briquette and bio-briquette was made.

Influence of test fuel properties and composition on UNECE R101 CO2 and fuel economy valuation

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Parker
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Fuel Properties ◽  
Test Fuel ◽  
Lower Heating

AbstractCO2 emission and fuel consumption of passenger cars is now assessed by using a simplistic procedure measuring the emission during a test performed without any control of the fuel properties and computing the fuel consumption through an unsophisticated formula. As pump gasoline and diesel fuels are refinery products mixture of many different hydrocarbons, and in case of gasoline may also contain a significant amount of oxygenates, the fuel properties, including the density, carbon and energy content may strongly vary from one pump fuel to the other. Being the specific test fuels carefully selected by the car manufacturers and everything but randomly chosen pump fuels, the claimed CO2 emission and fuel economy figures may differ largely from the certification values. I show from the analysis of the 2014 UK government data for 2358 diesel and 2103 petrol vehicles how same volumes of only theoretically same pump fuels used during the certification test by the cars manufacturers unfortunately do not produce the same carbon dioxide emission, and very likely do not have the same energy content. The CO2 emission per liter of diesel fuel is shown to oscillate froma maximum of 3049 g to a minimum of 2125 g, with an average of 2625 g, froma +16.13% to a -19.06% of the average. TheCO2 emission per liter of petrol fuel is shown to oscillate even more from a maximum of 3735 g to a minimum of 1767 g with an average of 2327 g, from a +60.48% to a -24.05% of the average. The proposed solution is to center the assessment on the energy demand by measuring with accuracy the mass of fuel consumed and the fuel properties of the test fuel starting from the lower heating. The corrected fuel consumption and the corrected carbon dioxide emission to mention from the test are then computed by using pure hydrocarbon reference fuels for diesel and petrol having a given lower heating value and a given hydrocarbon composition. Alternatively, exactly the same test fuel should be used by all the manufacturers.

scholarly journals APPRAISAL OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS ON FIXED CAPITAL FORMATION IN NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 878-890
Author(s):  
Suoye Igoni ◽  
◽  
Nnaemeka Anthony Nwadioha ◽  
Ebi R. Odi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Capital Formation ◽  
Fixed Capital ◽  
Gas Laws ◽  
The World ◽  
Fixed Capital Formation

There is growing interest for the use of renewable energy and carbon dioxide emission in Nigeria, and the world over.Despite the volume of consumption, and the enabling oil and gas laws to protect the environment and improve the well-being of citizens over the years, the gross fixed capital formation have not received a remarkable growth in Nigeria which motivated for this study. The gross fixed capital formation was the dependent variable against energy consumption, and carbon dioxide emission that represented the explanatory variables were sourced from the World Bank and the Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin between 1985-2014. The study adopted the Augmented Dickey-Fuller and the Autoregressive Distributive Lag model for the analysis. The data were integrated at levels and first order differenced. The Johansen cointegration test indicated co-integrating equations in long run. Furthermore, the error correction found energy consumption to be positive, while carbon dioxide emission had a negative but insignificant impact on the Nigerian fixed capital formation. The study recommended the ministry of environment to enforce the existing oil and gas laws, and advocate for the use of modern energy in rural areas of Nigeria.

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