scholarly journals The Green Logistics Idea using Vacuum Insulation Panels (VIPs)

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-86
Author(s):  
Assadawut Issaro ◽  
Piyanut Saengsikhiao ◽  
Juntakan Taweekun ◽  
Wiriya Thongruang
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Cold Temperatures ◽  
Fuel Savings ◽  
Vacuum Insulation ◽  
External Insulation ◽  
Cold Room ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Found Model

This research aims to reduce fuel consumption in transportation systems using vacuum insulation panels (VIPs) for cold storage trucks. The material was vacuum Insulation Panels (VIPs) is a custom-made insulator using glass fibers pressed at 10 tons per square meter and the thermal conductivity conditions of the selected materials ranged between 0.0028 and 0.007 W/mK and has a size of 12 mm comparative experiment method of cold storage trucks equipped with VIPs and without VIPs of 4 model frozen cars. Which has Model 1 (4 Wheels Truck), Model 2 (4 Wheels large Truck), Model 3 (6 Wheels Truck), and Model 4 (10 Wheels Truck). The sensor installation in the cold room is distributed in every wall to achieve differentiation and distribution of cold temperatures. The results are calculated as the energy saving result, it was found Model 1 (4 Wheels Truck) have best fuel savings. This research can apply other types of cold storage trucks or research in the same way as the air wall by inserting VIPs insulation inside the external insulation to reduce heat transfer.

scholarly journals TEKNIK PENYIMPANAN KRIOPRESERVASI PADA BIAKAN AGROBACTERIUM TUMEFACIENS : BAHAN PENELITIAN DI LABORATORIUM TERPADU DAN SENTRA INOVASI TEKNOLOGI UNIVERSITAS JEMBER

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-101
Author(s):  
Purnama Okviandari
Keyword(s):  
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Cold Temperatures ◽  
Quality Research ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Cooling Devices ◽  
Cryopreservation Techniques ◽  
Storage Technique

Abstrak Teknik Penyimpanan Krioproservasi  Biakan Agrobacterium tumefaciens : Bahan Penelitian  di  Laboratorium Terpadu dan Sentra Inovasi Teknologi Universitas Jember.  Penelitian merupakan kegiatan yang memerlukan bahan yang berkualitas, salah satu cara menjaga kualitas bahan dengan tehnik penyimpanan yang baik. Pemilihan penggunaan tehnik kriopreservasi pada penelitian ini bertujuan menjaga viabilitas  bakteri dalam jangka waktu tertentu. Teknik kriopreservasi yang digunakan  disesuaikan dengan ketersediaan alat pendingin yang ada. Diharapkan dengan penggunaan tehnik kriopreservasi dapat meningkatkan efiisiensi  dan viabilitas sel dalam jangka waktu enam bulan penyimpanan. Penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium Biologi Molekul dan Bioteknologi  menggunakan Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain GV yang sudah terinsersi gen SPS dalam plasmid pKYS (GVpKYS SPS). Bakteri ditumbuhkan pada media yeast, peptone NaCL dengan penambahan antibiotik 100 ppm rifampisin, 12,5 ppm gentamisin dan 50 ppm kanamisin. Dalam biakan bakteri ditambahkan 15% gliserol sebagai kreoprotektan, kemudian dilakukan pembekuan menggunakan nitrogen cair (-196 °C) dan disimpan selama 6 bulan pada suhu dingin. Analisa yang dilakukan adalah uji viabilitas bakteri dan stabilitas genetik diawal dan akhir masa simpan. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menyiapkan bahan penelitian yang berkulaitas dan memberikan informasi teknik penyimpanan dingin yang baik dan effisien pada biakan A. tumefaciens khususnya dan bakteri lain pada umumnya.     Abstrac   Cryoproservation Storage Technique for Agrobacterium tumefaciens Culture : Research Material in Center for Devolepment of Advance Science and Technology (CDAST) University of Jember. This research has tole requires quality materials, one of the way to maintain the quality of materials with good storage techniques. Choosing cryopreservation techniques in this study aims to maintain viability of bacteria in a certain period of time. The cryopreservation technique used is adjusted to the availability of existing cooling devices. It is expected that the use of cryopreservation techniques can improve efficiency and viability of cell within six months of storage. The research was conducted in the Molecular Biology and Biotechnology laboratory using Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain GV which was inserted into the SPS gene in plasmid pKYS (GVpKYS SPS). The bacteria are grown on the yeast, NaCL, peptone media. with the addition of 100 ppm antibiotic rifampicin, 12.5 ppm gentamicin and 50 ppm kanamycin. In culture the bacteria added 15% glycerol for cryoprotectant, then it is freezeed using liquid nitrogen (-196 °C) and stored for 6 months in cold temperatures. The analysis carried out was a viability of bacterial test and genetic stability at the beginning and end of the shelf life. The results of this study are expected to be able to prepare quality research materials and provide information on good and efficient cold storage techniques in particular culture of A. tumefaciens and other bacteria.  

scholarly journals Characterization of a Y-Coupler and Its Impact on the Performance of Plastic Optical Fiber Links

Fibers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia López ◽  
M. Losada ◽  
Javier Mateo ◽  
N. Antoniades ◽  
Xin Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Transmission Properties ◽  
Modal Power ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Plastic Optical Fibers ◽  
The Impact

Couplers and splitters are common devices in single-mode and multi-mode glass fibers applications, where they perform a variety of functions. However, when switching to plastic optical fibers (POFs), there is a shortage of commercial devices, which are usually custom-made. The problem with these devices is that modal power distribution in POFs is easily modified by spatial disturbances that produce a localized strong power transfer between modes, thus changing their transmission properties. In this work, a commercial Y-coupler designed for POFs is experimentally characterized. Measurements of its spectral, spatial and temporal characteristics have been performed, including insertion loss as a function of wavelength, angular power distribution, and frequency response. The obtained results show that this device has an equalizing effect over the power spatial distribution that reduces the fiber bandwidth, demonstrating the importance of considering the impact of this type of devices on the transmission properties of any POF system.

scholarly journals Inactivation and reactivation of the virus of Herpes

1931 ◽  
Vol 109 (762) ◽  
pp. 304-308 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Herpes Virus ◽  
Liquid Paraffin ◽  
Fresh Tissue ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Cold Room ◽  
Herpetic Encephalitis ◽  
Herpès Virus ◽  
Simple Exposure

The experiments, an account of which is given here, were based on two sets of observations—a personal one and one recorded by Zinsser and Seastone (1930). The personal observation relates to the injurious action of air on the virus of herpes. The method in common use for the preservation of this virus consists in the cold storage of pieces of infective brain in glycerol—pure or diluted. If special precautions are taken to exclude air, material so preserved will retain its infectivity for several years. In an ice chest with an average temperature of + 9° C. it has been my experience that unless air is largely excluded ( e. g ., by a layer of liquid paraffin) the brain will cease to be infective after a period of 3 to 4 months. Under a layer of liquid paraffin and at that temperature the material will still be infective after 2 years. Cold storage at lower temperatures yields better results under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The acidity which develops when pieces of fresh tissue are preserved in glycerol has apparently little injurious effect on the virus. The second observation is that of Zinsser and Seastone, who found that a filtrate of herpes virus which possessed a low degree of infectivity and took as much as 11 days to kill a rabbit on cerebral inoculation, recovered its infectivity to such an extent after the addition of cysteine that the incubation period was reduced to 5 days. In a second and more striking experiment an active filtrate of herpes virus lost its infectivity for the rabbit by simple exposure to air for 8 days at room temperature, yet the inactive sample recovered its full infectivity by the addition of cysteine and anaerobic preservation for a further 17 days. Since these observations suggest that exposure to air tends to inactivate the virus of herpes and that the inactivated virus can be reactivated under conditions which favour an increase in the reduction potential, an attempt was made at inactivating broth filtrates of this virus by saturation with oxygen and subsequent reactivation by a process of reduction. Filtrate .—Only broth filtrates obtained from diffusates were used. The diffusates were prepared as follows. The cerebral hemispheres of a rabbit which had been killed at the height of a typical attack of herpetic encephalitis, were roughly crushed in situ with a pair of dissecting forceps and dropped into a tube containing 30 c. c. of Hartley’s broth over which a layer of liquid paraffin was floated. The tube was left at room temperature for a few days (5-10) and then was transferred to the cold room until required. Such diffusates will be found active even 18 months later and are easily filtered. After centrifuging the diffusate was filtered through a Pasteur-Chamberland L2 or L3 candle at a negative pressure of 20 cm. Hg. As the filtrate obtained from the first candleful of the diffusate was frequently found to be inactive, it was usually rejected. The rest of the filtrate, unless used immediately, was sealed with vaseline and kept in the cold.

scholarly journals Optimization of Heat Gain by Air Exchange through the Cold Storage Window

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 5543-5546
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Heat Energy ◽  
Ratio Analysis ◽  
Heat Gain ◽  
Cold Room ◽  
Cold Store ◽  
The One ◽  
Air Exchange

Energy is the one which is playing a vital role in today’s lives. In cold storage, if most of the heat is captivated by the evaporator inside the cold room due to convection, condensation and due to air exchange through the windows, more quantity of energy will be needed to maintain the desired temperature range inside the evaporator space. In this paper, author tried to optimize the heat gain by the air exchange through the windows of cold storage in the evaporator space using the Taguchi S-N ratio analysis. Temperature difference, Height of cold store window and Relative Humidity are the primary variables taken for optimization of heat transfer and for each parameter three ranges are chosen for the model development. Graphical elucidations justify the model proposed with the Taguchi S-N ratio analysis. The study shows that the model is good for cold storage application saving the heat energy.

scholarly journals Pruning Affects the Development of Correlative Phenomena among Lateral Shoots in Dormant Two-year-old `Royal Gala' Apple Branches

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 965-968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J.R. Cronjé ◽  
Gerard Jacobs ◽  
Nigel C. Cook
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Lateral Shoot ◽  
Cold Room ◽  
Lateral Shoots ◽  
Terminal Buds ◽  
Chilling Units ◽  
Distal Extension

Two-year-old apple branches, ≈50 cm long, were selected from a commercial `Royal Gala' orchard in the Ceres (Koue Bokkeveld) region of the Western Cape, South Africa [33 °S, 945 m, 1500 Utah model chilling units (CU)]. In 2000, the branches received either cold storage at 5 to 7 °C or natural chilling in the field. In 2001, the trial was repeated, but only with field chilling. The branches received five dormant pruning treatments: control (not pruned); pruning back to the fourth lateral shoot (heading) before or after chilling; and removal of the second and third lateral shoots (thinning) before or after chilling. After pruning and chilling, the branches were removed from the orchard or cold room every 2 weeks and forced in a growth chamber at 25 °C. The rate of budburst (1/days to budburst) was determined for the terminal buds of the lateral shoots. Lateral shoots on the 2-year-old branches were categorized according to position: the most distal extension shoot, and all other laterals grouped. Removing distal tissue by pruning (heading more than thinning) enhanced the effect of chilling on the terminal buds on the lateral shoots and promoted budburst. Pruning was more effective before than after chilling. Pruning enhanced the growth potential of the terminal buds on proximal shoots on 2-year-old branches.

scholarly journals The Effect of Additives on the Low Temperature Ice-Melting Capacity of NaCl

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (12) ◽  
pp. 158-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kine Nilssen ◽  
Alex Klein-Paste ◽  
Johan Wåhlin
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Ice Melting ◽  
Cold Temperatures ◽  
Winter Maintenance ◽  
Calcium Magnesium Acetate ◽  
Effect Of Additives ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
High Traffic Volume

Winter maintenance of high-traffic volume roads requires chemicals for the strategy of obtaining sufficient friction. Challenges often arise in very cold temperatures because the effect is reduced. To improve the low temperature ice-melting capacity of road salt, additives are sometimes used. There is a lack of knowledge as to how these additives affect low temperature ice-melting capacity. The tests often use SHPR H-205.1 and H-205.2; however, recent research has shown that the SHRP tests produce inaccurate results. This paper uses calorimetry to study the effect of additives on the low temperature ice-melting capacity of sodium chloride (NaCl). Magnesium chloride (MgCl2), calcium chloride (CaCl2), potassium formate (KFo), calcium magnesium acetate (CMA), and sugar (sucrose) were added to NaCl at −18°C. The chemicals were also tested individually. The measurements were done in a recently improved custom-made calorimeter, described in the paper. The results showed that solid chemicals had a far higher melting capacity than solutions. In a solid state NaCl had the highest ice-melting capacity, however, the results differed for solutions, where brine had the lowest. CaCl2 had the highest ice-melting capacity of the solutions, melting 285% more than NaCl at −18.6°C. This was followed by MgCl2, KFo, mix NaCl/CaCl2, mix NaCl/CMA, CMA, and mix NaCl/MgCl2. The improvements using chlorides (MgCl2 and CaCl2) depended on the amount of additive. KFo had a destructive influence on melting capacity when mixed with NaCl, whereas mixing CMA with NaCl produced a higher melting capacity than the two components individually. Sugar froze at −18°C.

scholarly journals The Green Logistics Idea Using Vacuum Insulation Panels (VIPs) For Freezer Logistics Box in Normal Truck

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Piyanut Saengsikhiao ◽  
Juntakan Taweekun ◽  
Kittinan Maliwan ◽  
Somchai Sae-ung ◽  
Thanansak Theppaya
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Thermal Resistance ◽  
Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Ice Cream ◽  
Fuel Saving ◽  
Distribution Centers ◽  
Green Logistics ◽  
Vacuum Insulation ◽  
Cold Room ◽  
Electricity Saving

This research presents the green logistics using vacuum insulation panels (VIPs) for freezer logistics box in normal trucks. The materials were Vacuum Insulation Panels (VIPs) with polyurethane foam box compared to polyurethane foam box that thermal conductivity for polyurethane foam and Vacuum Insulation Panels (VIPs) at > 20 and < 7 mW/m.K. The vacuum Insulation Panels (VIPs) with polyurethane foam box design with VIP inside the polyurethane foam protect some impact from losing vacuum that loss thermal resistance. According to the result, after 24 hours, the ice-cream temperature of polyurethane foam box that lost 6 Degree Celsius, calculated as 30.00%. Besides, the ice-cream temperature of that vacuum Insulation Panels (VIPs) with a polyurethane foam box has lost 1.5 Degrees Celsius, counted as 7.5%, and compared with stating temperature at -20 Degrees Celsius. The result represents ice-cream quality after testing that shows the ice-cream condition in VIP Box still freezing, and ice cream condition in the normal box is melt. This research can be applied to a cold room or freezer room in supermarkets, factories, distribution centers, and VIPs that can result from electricity saving for compressors or cold trucks and freezer trucks that can get the result of fuel-saving for engines.

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