The arduino based prototype of handsanitizer tool and automatic mask feeder

The purpose of this research is to design and construct a prototype of an Arduino-based automatic handsanitizer and mask feeder. The research method was carried out by laboratory experiments. The experimental stages consisted of designing hardware (hadware), software (software) and testing the whole tool. The test results showed that ultrasonic sensor and dispencer can detect at a distance of 5 cm. The Arduino dc motor test that given high and low logic for the direction of each clockwise and counter clockwise motor resulted in an output voltage of 5.09V. Overall the tool testing went well. Regarding to the results, it can be concluded that the tools can be on of the options to reduce the spread of COVID-19 in the Jakarta State University academic community, especially the laboratories within the Jakarta State University.

The comparison of crude fat analysis between separated soxhlet method and one extractor soxhlet method for several feed ingredients

Determination of crude fat content (ether extract) using a separate Soxhlet method requires an extraction time of 4 to 6 hours to achieve 5-6 circulation for 1 sample of material. Given the fact that the analysis and extraction time are not time efficient, therefore an alternative method is needed with good accuracy and faster testing time. One alternative is the single-extractor Soxhlet method. The aims of this study were to evaluate the comparison of crude fat extraction results in the separated Soxhlet method and the Soxhlet method in one extractor for several feed ingredients. For the fat testing, this study used two methods, namely the separate method and the Soxhlet method of testing single extractor. The experiments were done by a completely randomized design with 2 treatments and 3 replications. The data was analyzed using the Student T-test. The results showed that the separate Soxhlet method and the single extractor Soxhlet method had no significant difference to the crude fat content of the concentrate feed ingredients with T> 0.05. The use of single extractor Soxhlet showed significant result with T< 0.01 which lower ​​than the separate Soxhlet method in forage samples on the crude fat concentration. Given the outcomes, the use of single extractor Soxhlet is more efficient than the separate Soxhlet method in terms of analysis time of a large number of samples.

The design of thermal aging camera for observing thermal map during electrical installation practical

Many cases of fire due to electrical short circuit facilities or inadequate electrical maintenance, require technology in the field of preventive maintenance. Educational materials and knowledge regarding the prevention and handling of damage and the dangers resulting from abnormal heat, must be taught in the practice class, in particular the electrical installation practice. The use of photo infrared thermography to analyze the distribution of excess heat (overheating) at the cable connection points and the constituent electrical components is a new necessity. The still expensive thermal camera led to an inexpensive prototype but still had the same result. The infrared camera prototype was made from the M5Stack microcontroller module and the AMG8833 infrared thermal sensor. The camera was used to check the heat patterns that occured in electrical and mechanical equipment during the operation. The temperature data recorded from the AMG8833 sensor were in the form of an array of data measuring 8x8 pixels which then were proceeded using an interpolation technique to get an even bigger size, 64x64 pixels. The temperature data were presented in a form of certain colors which represented the measured temperature. The prototype results were compared with the standard HT-02 thermal camera resulting in 0.001% of error.

Fat acid extraction from Naviculla Salinicola and Chlorella Vulgaris with simple laboratory tools

Energy alternatives are starting to get attention due to the depletion of petroleum sources as the current fuel. One of them is biodiesel. Microalgae has the potential to produce fat that can be proceed into biodiesel. This study aims to find the shaking time and the suitable solvent with the extraction of microalgaes, namely Naviculla Salinicola and Chlorella Vulgaris fatty acids with various solvents, namely hexane, methanol and chloroform. Each microalgae can affect different cell walls that resulting in different extraction materials. The results showed that fatty acids Chlorella Vulgaris and Naviculla Salinicola were extracted the most with hexane. The fat content extracted from Chlorella Vulgaris with three solvents were 10.56% for hexane, 6.79% for methanol and 5.99% for chloroform. For the extraction of Naviculla salinicola with hexane solvent yielded 4.37% fat, while with choloroform was 2.99% and with methanol was 2.48%. The increase in processing time resulted in an increase in the equivalent of fat extraction in both types of microalgae with the highest one was obtained at the five-hour shaking time.

Laboratory solid waste from practical activity as activated carbon precursor for reducing methylene blue in the laboratory wastewater

Activated carbon (AC) from agricultural waste has become one promising way to produce AC regarding to low price of the precursor and its effect to environment. In this research, the solid waste from the basic biology practical in UPT. Basic and Central Laboratory, Andalas University (Unand) was utilized as the precursor for producing low price AC. The activation was done by chemical activation using three different activating agents which were zink chloride (ZnCl2), phosphoric acid (H3PO4), potassium hydroxide (KOH). The carbonization process was done at temperature of 700°C. The precursor and three different AC after activation were characterized using fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) to examine the functional group and scanning electron microscope (SEM) to observe the pores structure. The adsorption efficiency (AE) of each AC on methylene blue (MB) contained in laboratory wastewater was examined through adsorption process with retention time of 30 minutes at room temperature and neutral pH. SEM analysis showed that the three activating agents were resulting in higher surface area and more pores were formed. The highest AE of MB from laboratory wastewater for each AC were 97,5 %, 96,31%, and 90,79 for KOH, , ZnCl2, and H3PO4, respectively. Meanwhile, the highest adsorption capacity was achieved by AC through KOH activation with 0,003 mg/g

The effectivity of red algae as biosorben to reduce the effect of laboratory wastewater

The research on laboratory wastewater treatment using Eucheuma cottoni as biosorbent was carried out to find the right composition of wastewater and algae that is effective in reducing the pollutant contained in the laboratory wastewater. The dosages of biosorbent were varied with 100 gr, 200 gr, and 300 gr were added into 1000 ml of wastewater mixed with 1000 ml of sea water. Chemical parameters such as pH, COD and NH3 and physical parameters such as odor, color, turbidity were analyzed and in accordance with contact time parameters of H1 (1 hour), H2 (12 hours) and H3 (24 hours). The percentage of pollutant reduction in wastewater was calculated by comparing the value before treatment with the value after treatment to get the right composition of the biosorbent to get the highest reduction percentage. The percentage of pollution reduction in the value of each parameter, showed that the third treatment with 300 gr of biosorbent was the most effective condition in reducing the pollutant contained in laboratory wastewater with the final outcomes were pH 6.67 COD 74.67 mg / L, NH3 0.731 mg / L, scale 1 color 40 PtCo and turbidity 37.6 NTU. The results are in accordance with Wastewater Quality standards Permen LH No. 5 of 2014.

Automation of Welding Fumes based on MQ-2 Sensor in Welding Laboratory.

In practical welding activities, there are potential hazards that must be addressed. These potential hazards include exposure to toxic fumes and dust. Fumes in the welding process contain a lot of metal oxides and can cause chronic effects in the form of eye irritation, sensory irritation, and impaired lung physiological function. Therefore, an air intake sistem is needed to minimize the volume of fumes in the welding chamber . This study aims to design an automation of exhaust smoke using the sensor module, microcontroller and actuator. The resulting tool is equipped with a display of detected air quality conditions, and an alarm indicating that the air quality is in a dangerous level. The method used is experimental development with 3 main stages, namely: designing hardware and software, testing the tools and analyzing their work functions. The results obtained are that the MQ-2 sensor is able to detect changes in the concentration of welding smoke and can be used as an analog input to control the work of the indicator lights, alarms and exhaust fans. The average ability of the exhaust fan to absorb the smoke concentration in the welding chamber is 26.85 seconds for 33 ppm at 40 mm long welding and 29.51 seconds for 37 ppm at 80 mm long welding process. With this capability, this tool can be used as a technical solution related to Occupational Health and Safety in welding laboratories.

Rosella Flower Dyes as A Substitute for Fuchsin

Along with the needs of quality preparations, of course the ingredients needed must be good, except the coloring preparations. Dyes that are widely used in practical activities are synthetic dyes. However, natural dyes from plants are preferred due to the efficiency in their use while working with the same function. Natural dyes are safer to use even though the degree of stability to heat, light and acidity is uncertain. The purpose of this study was to determine if rosella flower extract (Hibiscus sabdariffa) could be used as a substitute for fuchsin in Gram staining. This research was conducted by the experiments with laboratory scale using in vitro method. The results of the study concluded that rosella flower extract could not be used as natural dye for bacterial staining particularly for Staphylococcus aureus and E.coli bacterial preparations.

Utilization of Unused Autoclaves to Produce Aquades (Aquabits) in the Laboratory of Biosciences and Plant Technology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science ITS

Laboratories in Higher Education have an important role as executors of its Tri Dharma which includes the functions of education, research, and community service. Every activity in the laboratory, it requires destilled water as solvent and cleaners of various tools and materials. This fact leads to high budget is needed for the availability of the material in laboratory. In the Plant Biosciences and Technology Laboratory, an autoclave was broken. It is no longer used as its main function sterilization and can only be used as a tool to heat water. With few modifications, namely the addition of a condenser made of copper pipes, the autoclave has been converted into a simple distillation device. It was expected tha the tool could produce distilled water, which has the same value as distilled water sold in the market. The results showed that the tool produces colorless, odorless, and tasteless distilled water. The quality is in accordance with distilled water sold in the market and SNI standard for demineralized water. The pH and TDS values ​​ are slightly higher than distilled water sold in the market but are still in the range of ​ SNI standard for demineralized water. The value of DHL, both the distilled water produced and the one sold in the market are not in the range of SNI standard for demineralized water. Hence, studies are needed to obtain the same value so that the need for distilled water for educational, research, and community service activities in the Department of Biology FSAINS ITS can be fulfilled.

Analysis of Do-it-Yourself (DIY) Electrode for Soil Resistivity Measurement Practical of Geology and Geophysics Subject at Earth and Outerspace Laboratory

This study describes the process of designing, manufacturing and the performance of Do It Yourself (DIY) electrodes for Soil Resitivity Measurement (SRM) practicum in the Geophysical Geology course. The aim is to produce electrodes that can be used with the Geo Tester tool from the Fluke 1623. The method used was the Research and Development method. the required electrode had been analyzed prior to the idea of making make your own electrode was created. The electrodes were designed in such a way as to consider the level of accuracy, convenience, safety and economics. The results showed that the DIY electrode was made well, the limited trial of data collection using the Schlumberger and Wenner configuration methods resulted in data error values ​​of 2.43% and 4.1%, respectively. The results were much smaller than the accepted minimum error threshold, namely 20%. The validation results from DIY electrode users (Data Collection Team) and Earth Physicist lecturers gave an average rating of 3.8 out of a scale 4. Thus, DIY eceltrodes can be used in practical for Geophysical Geology lectures in the Earth and Space Laboratory