scholarly journals IMPROVING AIR PASSENGERS’ EXPERIENCE DURING FLIGHT DISRUPTION: THE CASE OF ENFORCING THE DENIED BOARDING REGULATIONS (DBRs) AT CHIOS AIRPORT “OMIROS”

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-30
Author(s):  
Maria Salamoura ◽  
Viktoria Voxaki
Keyword(s):  
Customer Service ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Air Travel ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Financial Compensation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Status Information ◽  
Flight Delay

Over the past few decades, air travel is no longer considered a luxury, but a commodity, as passengers are faced with the choice of traveling to various destinations at a lower cost and higher safety than ever before. Nevertheless, passengers’ overall experience does not meet their expectations about excellent customer service, as flying results in various problems. This article focuses on the importance of understanding and improving aviation consumers’ experiences of disruption at Chios Airport by investigating the implementation of the regulation known as the Denied Boarding Regulations (DBRs). The results show that passengers are unaware of their legal rights and dissatisfied with the outcome of their complaints concerning the main sources of disruption: flight delay/cancellation denied boarding, and baggage delay, loss, or damage. Furthermore, “refund of flight cost”, “rescheduling/rebooking (free)”, “financial compensation”, “information on legal rights” and “flight status information” are critical factors for delayed or cancelled flights.

Modelling and simulation of ship collisions in port and coastal waters

2021 ◽  
pp. 147509022198918
Author(s):  
Chien-Chang Chou
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Maritime Transportation ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Ship Maneuvering ◽  
Collision Model ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sea Current ◽  
Ship Collision ◽  
Comparison Of The Results ◽  
Collision Models

Navigational safety is an important issue in maritime transportation. The most frequent type of maritime accident in the port and coastal waters is the ship collision. Although some ship collision models have been developed in the past, few have taken account of wind and sea current effects. However, wind and sea current are critical factors in ship maneuvering. Therefore, based on the previous collision model without wind and sea current effects, this study further develops a ship collision model with wind and sea current effects. Finally, a comparison of the results for the proposed collision model in this study and the ship maneuvering simulator is shown to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed mathematical model in this paper, followed by the conclusions and suggestions given to navigators, port managers, and governmental maritime departments to improve navigational safety in port and coastal waters.

scholarly journals COVID-19 in comparison with other emerging viral diseases: risk of geographic spread via travel

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Wilder-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Reproduction Number ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Air Travel ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
Fatality Rate ◽  
The Past ◽  
Geographic Spread ◽  
Emerging Viral Diseases

Abstract Purpose of review The COVID-19 pandemic poses a major global health threat. The rapid spread was facilitated by air travel although rigorous travel bans and lockdowns were able to slow down the spread. How does COVID-19 compare with other emerging viral diseases of the past two decades? Recent findings Viral outbreaks differ in many ways, such as the individuals most at risk e.g. pregnant women for Zika and the elderly for COVID-19, their vectors of transmission, their fatality rate, and their transmissibility often measured as basic reproduction number. The risk of geographic spread via air travel differs significantly between emerging infectious diseases. Summary COVID-19 is not associated with the highest case fatality rate compared with other emerging viral diseases such as SARS and Ebola, but the combination of a high reproduction number, superspreading events and a globally immunologically naïve population has led to the highest global number of deaths in the past 20 decade compared to any other pandemic.

scholarly journals Metronomic Chemotherapy: A Systematic Review of the Literature and Clinical Experience

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cem Simsek ◽  
Ece Esin ◽  
Suayib Yalcin
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Metronomic Chemotherapy ◽  
Maximum Tolerated Dose ◽  
Cancer Management ◽  
The Past ◽  
Promising Therapeutic Approach ◽  
Treatment Models ◽  
Dose Dense ◽  
Preclinical And Clinical Studies

Metronomic chemotherapy, continuous and dose-dense administration of chemotherapeutic drugs with lowered doses, is being evaluated for substituting, augmenting, or appending conventional maximum tolerated dose regimens, with preclinical and clinical studies for the past few decades. To date, the principle mechanisms of its action include impeding tumoral angiogenesis and modulation of hosts’ immune system, affecting directly tumor cells, their progenitors, and neighboring stromal cells. Its better toxicity profile, lower cost, and easier use are main advantages over conventional therapies. The evidence of metronomic chemotherapy for personalized medicine is growing, starting with unfit elderly patients and also for palliative treatment. The literature reviewed in this article mainly demonstrates that metronomic chemotherapy is advantageous for selected patients and for certain types of malignancies, which make it a promising therapeutic approach for filling in the gaps. More clinical studies are needed to establish a solidified role for metronomic chemotherapy with other treatment models in modern cancer management.

scholarly journals Critical factors that impact on the efficiency of the Lagos seaports

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Ojadi ◽  
Jackie Walters
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
State Agencies ◽  
Mixed Method Research ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
The Past ◽  
Container Depots ◽  
And Storage

Background: Since the past two decades, the Lagos seaports have experienced vessel and storage yard cargo congestion, resulting in dwell times of about 30 days for containerised imports and high trade logistics costs.Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify the critical factors that impact the operational efficiency of the Lagos seaports with a view to improving liner trade activities.Method: The study adopted an operational-based approach to understand the dynamics of the various interfaces of the port value chain. The research paradigm adopted for the study was therefore a combination of constructivism and post-positivism paradigms, which entailed the exploration and understanding of the various stakeholders in the port value chain. The epistemology of the research relied on the use of the exploratory sequential mixed method research technique (i.e. the qualitative approach followed by the quantitative approach) at the operational level of port operations.Results: The result of the research showed that significant challenges exist and that some of these challenges cut across all functions of port operations. Challenges are experienced in the areas of corruption, trade fraud, transport infrastructure deficits, the absence of a supply chain culture and shortcomings in the execution of the ‘contract of customs’. Additionally, these factors include the deficiencies in services and facilities provided by state agencies and government-appointed service providers and private sector companies such as truckers, inland container depots, Inland Container Depots (ICDs) and terminal operators.Conclusion: Specific recommendations are made to address the issues identified which, if implemented, could significantly address the current inefficiencies observed in the Lagos seaport’s operations.

scholarly journals Esham, the Origin of Sukuk for Facing the Crisis: Historical Experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Khairunnisa Musari
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cost ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Foreign Debt ◽  
Historical Experience ◽  
The Public ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The Past ◽  
State Budgets ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government

Pandemic brings a crisis. This makes world leaders have to work hard and smartly in managing state budgets. During the heyday of Islam, Muslims also faced crises. Given that time the power of Islam mastered many areas of the world, it can be assumed that the crisis that occurred in the past was a global crisis as it is happening today. The difference is the crisis that occurred at the time because of losing the war. This paper tries to describe the historical experience of the esham, one of the fiscal instruments in the Islamic world that helped the Ottoman Empire overcome the crisis. Esham has mobilized low-cost funds from the public in a relatively concise time. Esham served as a better choice than looking for foreign debt. As the origin of sukuk, esham has simpler structure so that can be used as an alternative to sukuk with a lower cost. To deal with a crisis, esham may intervene in the economy. Esham funds to the real sector in turn will help the government drive the economy as well as control prices in the market for goods and services. Therefore, esham has the potential in facing the crisis.

scholarly journals Productivity and Institutions

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 375
Author(s):  
Gylfi Zoega
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Past Century ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Per Capita

Differences in productivity account for differences in output per capita between countries as well as changes in output and the standard of living for each country over long periods of time. During the first industrial revolution, one could already see the emergence of two groups of countries: the high- and the low-GDP per capita countries. The list of countries belonging to the highproductivity group has not changed much over the past century. Differences in institutions separate the two clubs. The high-productivity group is, amongst many other differences, characterized by less corruption, a better legal system, superior enforcement of contracts, a lower cost of starting a business and lower tariffs. Historical output series for Britain going back to the mid-19th century show that productivity has increased greatly and improved the standard of living.

The effect of seeding rate and nitrogen fertilizer on the winter production of irrigated sod-sown oats at Badgery's Creek

1966 ◽  
Vol 6 (20) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
FC Crofts
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Spray Irrigation ◽  
Clover Pasture

Under supplementary spray irrigation at Badgery's Creek, N.S.W., it has been possible to increase the late autumn, winter, and early spring production of a clover dominant ryegrass-clover pasture by more than 3,000 lb of dry matter an acre by sod-seeding oats with nitrogen fertilizers. The oat seeding rate and the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied at seeding are critical factors in determining the amount of additional winter forage obtained. At this stage it appears that the sod-seeding of oats at four bushels an acre with about 90 lb of nitrogen an acre in early autumn will greatly increase winter forage production under irrigation at a much lower cost than that associated with hand-feeding.

Role of PET in Diagnosis and Risk Assessment in Patients with Known or Suspected CAD

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian A. Mc Ardle ◽  
Jennifer M. Renaud ◽  
Robert A. deKemp ◽  
Rob S. B. Beanlands
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Perfusion ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Image Artifacts ◽  
Cardiac Pet ◽  
The Past ◽  
Pet Myocardial Perfusion Imaging ◽  
Patient Radiation Exposure ◽  
And Function

Cardiac PET enables evaluation of multiple aspects of myocardial perfusion, metabolism, cell signaling and function that are of value both for diagnosis and prognostication in patients with known or suspected CAD and its use has increased in the past three decades. PET myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) offers several technological advantages over SPECT including; higher photon energy, higher count sensitivity, more consistent attenuation correction and the ability to measure myocardial blood flow in absolute terms. These result in faster imaging times, lower patient radiation exposure and increased diagnostic accuracy. However the availability of PET MPI remains limited, predominantly due to expense. Efforts are underway to expand the use of PET MPI beyond larger centers, with lower-cost scanners and more widely available radiotracers. In this chapter we describe the latest advances in PET camera technology and image reconstruction as well as potential image artifacts specific to PET MPI. We go on to discuss diagnostic accuracy and prognostic value of PET MPI as well as its role in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Database Resources of the National Genomics Data Center in 2020

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Zhang Zhang ◽  
Wenming Zhao ◽  
Jingfa Xiao ◽  
Yiming Bao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Data Integration ◽  
Data Center ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Omics Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sequencing Technologies ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Genome Databases

Abstract The National Genomics Data Center (NGDC) provides a suite of database resources to support worldwide research activities in both academia and industry. With the rapid advancements in higher-throughput and lower-cost sequencing technologies and accordingly the huge volume of multi-omics data generated at exponential scales and rates, NGDC is continually expanding, updating and enriching its core database resources through big data integration and value-added curation. In the past year, efforts for update have been mainly devoted to BioProject, BioSample, GSA, GWH, GVM, NONCODE, LncBook, EWAS Atlas and IC4R. Newly released resources include three human genome databases (PGG.SNV, PGG.Han and CGVD), eLMSG, EWAS Data Hub, GWAS Atlas, iSheep and PADS Arsenal. In addition, four web services, namely, eGPS Cloud, BIG Search, BIG Submission and BIG SSO, have been significantly improved and enhanced. All of these resources along with their services are publicly accessible at https://bigd.big.ac.cn.

scholarly journals The Blue-cheeked Amazon Amazona dufresniana: a review

1991 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-328
Author(s):  
D. C. Wege ◽  
N. J. Collar
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Habitat Loss ◽  
French Guiana ◽  
Subtropical Forest ◽  
Target Species ◽  
Coastal Regions ◽  
The Past ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Status Information

SummaryThe Blue-cheeked Amazon Amazona dufresniana occupies tropical and subtropical forest in north-eastern South America in eastern Venezuela, Guyana, Surinam and French Guiana, where it remains a very little known species, apparently living in scattered pairs in the interior when breeding, but with irregular movements to the coastal regions in (albeit now small) flocks in July and August. Nothing is recorded of its feeding or breeding habits, nor is it known to be at serious risk from habitat loss or trade, although both these factors may have operated against the species in the past. It occurs in two protected areas and deserves to be a target species of any fieldwork in the region aimed at obtaining status information on areas or faunas.

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