Morphoconstitutional analysis of a series of 166 urinary stones in Western Algeria for a period of two years (2015-2017)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-112
Author(s):  
Bouzana Fatima ◽  
Sbahi Khayra ◽  
Kerroumi Slimane ◽  
Attar Abderahmane ◽  
Seghir Madjhouda Omar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Sequential Analysis ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Urinary Stones ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Anatomical Localization ◽  
Western Algeria ◽  
The Right

A stone is not only an obstacle, sometimes painful, on the urinary tract justifying an emergency urological gesture to restore their permeability. It is primarily a symptom of crystallogenic pathologies or urinary imbalances of nu-tritional origin whose recurrence is the rule if the cause has not been correctly identified. It is therefore recommended in the patient's interest; analyze the calcul or its fragments to determine its composition and structure, one and / or the other orienting towards the pathology in question. A series of 166 urinary stones were collected nearby the hospitals of western Algeria after urological intervention or spontaneous expulsion and sequential analysis of the nucleus at the surface by Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry. The male / female ratio was 1.78. The study of the anatomical localization of the stones showed a predominance of the high urinary tract with a rate of 76.9%. 27.3% of the stones were located in the left kidney compared to 25.7% in the right kidney. Analysis of the crystalline composition showed that calcium oxalate was predominant in 65.8% of the calculs and in 58.5% of the nuclei. In all, whewellite was present in 46.9% of cases and weddellite in 18.9%. uric acid anhydrous was the major component of 12.2% of the calculations analyzed. It was present in 23.3% of cases with predominance in subjects over 60 years. Our results show that the lithiasis of the urinary tree in western Algeria tends to evolve in the same direction as that of the industri-alized countries.

scholarly journals Composition of Uroliths seen in patients in Abuja, Nigeria: a single centre retrospective analysis of 155 stones

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Celsus Ukelina Undie ◽  
Ewomazino Ibanga Nnana ◽  
Kalenebari Raymond Torporo
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Upper Urinary Tract ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Urinary Stones ◽  
Mixed Composition ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Uric Acid Stones ◽  
Male Patients

Abstract Background Uroliths are stones formed in the urinary tract. Analysis of stones helps to identify risk factors for their development and prevention of recurrence. Standard stone analysis using modern technology is not routinely done in Nigeria. This study sought to determine the chemical composition of urinary stones seen in Abuja, Nigeria. Methods This was a retrospective study on composition of uroliths. Urinary stones surgically removed from 155 patients through minimal access surgical procedures between January 2015 and August 2019 were analysed. Optical crystallography and infrared spectroscopy were used to determine the chemical composition of the urinary stones. Results A total of 155 urinary stones were assembled from the patients. More stones were removed from male patients and the male to female ratio was 1.9:1. Stones were rare in the extremes of age. The predominant location (89.7%) of stones was in the upper urinary tract. All stones were of mixed composition with calcium oxalate accounting for 93.55%. Calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate and uric acid stones were more common in the upper tract, while 2 of the 3 struvite stones were found in the lower tract. Conclusion Stones found in this study were of mixed composition with the most common constituent being Calcium oxalate and the least common, struvite.

Clinical Manifestations of Cholelithiasis in Quito, Ecuador. A Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Epigastric Pain ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
The Right ◽  
A Prospective Study

Introduction: A prospective study was carried out, with the aim of establishing the clinical manifestations of cholelithiasis in the population of Quito, Ecuador. Methods: During the period from January 2012 to October 2017, 534 patients were referred from different outpatient clinics of the Ecuadorian Institute of Social Security to the Batan Medical Center with the diagnosis of cholelithiasis after a clinical assessment and abdominal ultrasound, to be treated surgically. Results: Sixty-nine percent of patients were female with a male-female ratio of 1:2.21. Mean age was 44.9 years. Pain was the most common symptom in our study: 95.7%. Among these patients, pain was located in the epigastrium in 49.8%, in the right hypochondrium in 45.1% and only 0.8% had low back pain. Pain ranged from moderate and even severe. The remaining 4.3% of patients had dyspepsia or were asymptomatic. Conclusions: This finding highlights the fact that epigastric pain must be always considered as a clinical manifestation on cholelithiasis.

scholarly journals Clinical features and outcomes of adrenal schwannoma: a study of 13 cases from a single center

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henghai Huang ◽  
Qijian Ding ◽  
XiaoCao Lin ◽  
DeLin Li ◽  
Jingjing Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Operative Management ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Computed Tomography Imaging ◽  
Tertiary Referral Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Tomography Imaging ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

Background: Adrenal schwannomas (AS) are extremely rare neoplasms. This study shares our experience regarding the diagnosis and operative management of AS. Methods: Clinical details, radiologic, laboratory, and pathologic findings as well as follow-up data were analyzed retrospectively for 13 AS patients who accepted surgery at a tertiary referral hospital in China between January 1, 1996, and December 31, 2017. Results: The mean age of the patients at diagnosis was 44.7 ± 13.7 years (range 19–62 years; male: female ratio, 1:1.16), of whom 7 patients had unilateral AS on the right side, and the remaining 6 on the left side. None of the cases were hormonally active. None of the 13 cases were diagnosed as AS by computed tomography imaging before the operation. Among the patients, 10 were asymptomatic. The mean preoperative size was 7.1 ± 3.2 cm (range 1.6–12.6 cm). All patients underwent surgery, with open adrenalectomy in 5 patients and laparoscopy in 8 patients. The mean tumor size on pathologic examination was 6.8 ± 3.0 cm (range 3.0–11.7 cm). The surgical specimens were confirmed by pathological examination. During a median follow-up of 60.8 ± 17.7 months, no patients showed recurrence or metastasis. Conclusion: The preoperative diagnosis of AS remains difficult despite the advances in imaging examinations. After complete resection, the prognosis of AS is excellent.

scholarly journals THE MINERAL COMPOSITION OF URINARY TRACT STONES IN KHOST, AFGHANISTAN

2020 ◽  
pp. 14-16
Author(s):  
Baitullah Abdali ◽  
Khoshal Janatzai
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Ammonium Oxalate ◽  
Urinary Stones ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Urinary Tract Stones

Background: The urinary tract stones include renal (nephrolithiasis), ureter (ureterolithiasis), and urinary bladder stones (cystolithiasis). The knowledge of the mineral composition of the urinary tract stone is important for the treatment, patient education, and to develop preventative strategies. Aim: This study aims to characterize the proportion of different types of urinary tract stones and their chemical composition in Khost province. Material and Methods: A retrospective, the hospital-based study design was used. The stones were analyzed using simple qualitative biochemical tests. A total of 63 patients were included in this study from Sept 2016 to Aug 2019. The stones were checked for the presence of calcium, magnesium, ammonium, oxalate, phosphate, uric acid, and cystine. Results: The results obtained showed the incidence of the kidney (48 stones), ureteric (4 stones), urinary bladder (11 stones) at the age group of 18-75 years (mean 56.2). The incidence in men was higher than women, male to female ratio being 3:1. The chemical analysis of overall stones has shown that 88.21% had mixed compositions, and 11.79% presented a unique composition. The majority of stones obtained from women was cystine (70%) and oxalate (72%) stones, whereas the majority of stones in men were that of calcium oxalate (76%) and uric acid (74%) stones. Eight of the stones were pure of calcium oxalate, five were pure uric acid, 7 were pure cystine, and 43 were mixed stones. Among the mixed stones, oxalate was present in 32 samples (43 of total), calcium was present in 36 samples, uric acid was seen in 17, phosphate was present in 23, and cysteine was present in 14 stones. Conclusion: This study showed that the most common type of mineral composition found in different urinary stones is calcium oxalate (81%), followed by cystine and uric acid. Further broader and large scale studies are required to assess the mineral base of the urinary tract stones in Afghanistan to develop preventive strategies and promote public awareness about dietary recommendations.

scholarly journals A Case of Left Retroexternal Iliac Artery Megaureter Associated with Additional Renal and Vascular Congenital Anomalies

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Amin A. Karadaghy ◽  
Matthew T. Bell ◽  
Daniel T. Daly ◽  
Yun Tan
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Iliac Artery ◽  
Secondary Infection ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Current Case ◽  
Median Sacral Artery ◽  
Precise Knowledge ◽  
Internal Iliac ◽  
The Right

Introduction. A number of rare anatomical anomalies, including retroexternal iliac ureter, extrarenal calyces (ERCs), and vascular anomalies, were observed in a 96-year-old female cadaver during a routine dissection. Description. A markedly dilated left extrarenal pelvis (ERP) with a diameter of 3.15 cm was noticed. Three major calyces were found outside of the normal-sized left kidney. The abdominal aorta (AA), instead of normal bifurcation, branched to the right common, left external, and left internal iliac arteries. The median sacral artery was a direct branch from the right common iliac artery. No hydronephrosis was observed on the affected side, and no urinary tract anomalies were observed on the right side. Significance. The retroiliac megaureter is a rare congenital anomaly, with fewer than 25 cases reported to date. Additionally, the ERCs are amongst the rarest anomalies of the renal collecting system. Further, the current case is one of few reported cases where the particular branching pattern of the AA was observed. The combination of such anatomical anomalies is rare, and the relationship between them is unclear. Common clinical manifestations of retroiliac ureters are the results of ureteric obstruction, hydronephrosis, and secondary infection. Precise knowledge of anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract can help radiologists and surgeons make a definitive diagnosis and prevent inadvertent injury during surgery.

scholarly journals Complicated Urinary Tract Tuberculosis in a 13-Year-Old Adolescent with Chronic Kidney Disease and Antituberculous Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Heda Melinda Nataprawira ◽  
Adhitya Agung Pratama ◽  
Ahmedz Widiasta ◽  
Jupiter Sibarani ◽  
Dany Hilmanto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Complicated Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Mantoux Test ◽  
British Thoracic Society ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Diuretic Renogram ◽  
The Right ◽  
Tract Infections

Urinary tract tuberculosis (TB) is a rare extrapulmonary manifestation of TB in children. The disease is potentially underdiagnosed because it clinically resembles other urinary tract infections. A 13-year-old adolescent girl presented with pain, difficulty in micturition, and gross hematuria for almost two years before admission, and she had left flank pain since one year ago and significant loss of body weight during the illness. The close TB contact was her grandmother who was on TB treatment. Acid-fast bacilli yielded positive result, Mantoux test was positive (17 mm), urine GeneXpert MTB/Rif was positive; tuberculoma was identified on kidney histopathology, and a diuretic renogram revealed an uncorrected glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of the right and left kidney to be 32.5 mL/min/1.73 m2 and 5 mL/min/1.73 m2, respectively. During the treatment, oral anti-TB drug-induced hepatotoxicity (ADIH) occurred to the patient. This problem was solved with management according to the British Thoracic Society (BTS) guidelines. Screening TB in children is very important for a better outcome. If children complain of some complicated urinary tract infection, TB should be suspected. Optimaly treating children with urinary tract TB exagerrated with ADIH and CKD is very challenging.

Concurrent dural and perimedullary arteriovenous fistulas at the craniocervical junction: case series with special reference to angioarchitecture

2013 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 451-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenichi Sato ◽  
Toshiki Endo ◽  
Kuniyasu Niizuma ◽  
Miki Fujimura ◽  
Takashi Inoue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Series ◽  
Vascular Anomaly ◽  
Craniocervical Junction ◽  
Posterolateral Approach ◽  
Pathophysiological Mechanism ◽  
Arterial Aneurysm ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Arteriovenous Fistulas ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
The Right

Object Dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) and perimedullary arteriovenous fistulas (PAVFs) are uncommonly associated in the craniocervical junction. The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical and angiographic characteristics of such concurrent lesions. Methods Authors reviewed 9 cases with a coexistent DAVF and PAVF at the craniocervical junction. Clinical presentation, angiographic characteristics, intraoperative findings, and treatment outcomes were assessed. Results All patients (male/female ratio 5:4; mean age 66.3 years) presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Angiography revealed that 8 patients had both a DAVF and PAVF on the same side, whereas 1 patient had 3 arteriovenous fistulas, 1 DAVF, and 1 PAVF on the right side and 1 DAVF on the left side. All of the fistulas shared dilated perimedullary veins (anterior spinal vein, 7 cases; anterolateral spinal vein, 2 cases) as a main drainage route. The shared drainage route was rostrally directed in 8 of 9 cases. Eight patients exhibited an arterial aneurysm on the distal side of the feeding arteries to the PAVF, and the aneurysm in each case was intraoperatively confirmed as a bleeding point. One patient had ruptured venous ectasia at the perimedullary fistulous point. All patients underwent direct surgery via a posterolateral approach. No recurrence was observed in the 4 patients who underwent postoperative angiography, and no rebleeding event was recorded among any of the 9 patients during the follow-up period (mean 38.4 months). Conclusions The similarity of the angioarchitecture and the close anatomical relationship between DAVF and PAVF at the craniocervical junction suggested that these lesions are pathogenetically linked. The pathophysiological mechanism and anatomical features of these lesions represent a unique vascular anomaly that should be recognized angiographically to plan a therapeutic strategy.

Foreign Bodies in the Larynx and Tracheobronchial Tree in Children

1980 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 434-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce F. Rothmann ◽  
Clifford R. Boeckman
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Tracheobronchial Tree ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Foreign Objects ◽  
Left Bronchus ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Opaque Object ◽  
The Right ◽  
Trachea And Bronchi

In a study of 225 patients with foreign bodies in the larynx, trachea and bronchi, 77 % were 36 months of age or less. The male-female ratio was 2:1. Food or food derivatives were the causative agent in 70% of the cases, with 38% due to a portion of nut. The foreign body involved the right and left bronchus with equal frequency. A choking episode followed by an audible wheeze (55 %) was the most common presenting complaint. Obstructive emphysema was demonstrated in 60 % and was best demonstrated by inspiration-expiration chest roentgenograms or fluoroscopy. A radio-opaque object was seen in 13 %. Two hundred ten foreign objects (93 %) were removed by endoscopy. Four patients required pulmonary resection for bronchiectasis and in three patients bronchotomy was performed. Five patients expelled the foreign body spontaneously, two patients were transferred to another hospital, and one foreign body was not recovered. There was no mortality.

scholarly journals Aggressive angiomyxoma of the vulva: a case report in a Brazilian patient

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-57
Author(s):  
Antonio Chambo Filho ◽  
◽  
Emmanuel Nasser Vargas Araujo de Assis ◽  
Flávia de Sousa Freitas Scherre ◽  
Luciene Lage da Motta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Aggressive Angiomyxoma ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Brazilian Patient ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Aggressive Tumor ◽  
The Right

Aggressive angiomyxoma is a locally aggressive tumor of mesenchymal origin. The condition predominantly affects females, with a male/female ratio of 6:1. Most cases occur during the reproductive years, with a peak between the third and fourth decades of life. The symptoms are non-specific, and the principal differential diagnosis is with Bartholin’s cysts or abscesses. The treatment of choice is surgical excision of the lesion, including evaluation of the margins. This case report refers to a 41-year old patient with an insidiously growing lesion on the right vestibular area measuring approximately 9 x 5 x 5 cm, associated with dyspareunia. Surgical excision was successful, and there have been no signs of tumor recurrence in the six months of follow-up. Differential diagnosis in cases of vulvar lesions is of the utmost importance. A detailed vulvar examination is essential to ensure early diagnosis and to reduce the rate of underdiagnosed cases of aggressive angiomyxoma

scholarly journals A comparative study between extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and ureterorenoscopic lithotripsy in the management of upper ureteric calculus

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
B Shrestha ◽  
HN Joshi ◽  
BR Malla ◽  
D Gyanwali ◽  
SM Shrestha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy ◽  
Shock Wave Lithotripsy ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Ureteric Calculus ◽  
Extracorporeal Shock Wave ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Tract Infections

Introduction and Objective: A stone in the ureter usually comes from the kidney. Urolithiasis is the third most common disease of the urinary tract which is surpassed only by urinary tract infections and pathologic conditions of prostate. There are some controversies on the effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) and ureteroscopic lithotripsy (URSL) in ureteral stones. We aim to compare the efficacy of ESWL and URSL in the management of upper ureteric stones in terms of stone clearance.Materials and Methods: This prospective hospital based study included patients with upper ureteric calculus managed with URSL with DJ stenting or ESWL at Dhulikhel Hospital-Kathmandu University Hospital from August 2014 to December 2015. Stone size, stone clearance, number of sittings, complications and need of other procedure were recorded.Results: Total number of patients undergone ESWL was 49 and URSL was 48. There was no difference in male/ female ratio, age and stone diameter between two groups (P>0.05). Total stone-free ratio was 85.71%(42/49) for ESWL and 81.25%(39/48) for URSL, partial fragmentation requiring shift of modality of treatment was 12.24%(6/49) for ESWL and 12.5%(6/48) for URSL, failed procedure was 2.04%(1/49) for ESWL and 6.25%(3/48%) for URSL(P= 0.577).Conclusion: ESWL is as effective as URSL in the management of upper ureteric calculus with no significant difference in age, male/female ratio, stone diameter and stone free ratio

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