scholarly journals Social Representations on ethical and bioethic aspects in research

10.3823/2348 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maísa Araujo Costa ◽  
Ronay Lustosa De Carvalho Marques Silva ◽  
Francisca Tereza Coelho Matos ◽  
Luana Kelle Batista Moura ◽  
Carlos Alberto Monteiro Falcão ◽  
...  

Objective: the study aims to analyze the social representations on the ethical and bioethical aspects in the research elaborated by academics of the Dentistry Course. Methods: it is a qualitative research based on the Theory of Social Representations carried out with 80 academics of the Dentistry course. The data were collected through a semi-structured interview script, processed in the IRaMuTeQ and analyzed by the Descending Hierarchical Classification. The study followed the ethical standards recommended by Resolution n. 466/2012, obtaining approval from the Ethics Committee of UNINOVAFAPI University Center. Results: The corpus analyzed in the study is composed of 79 units of initial context (UCI) with use of 62%. The results are presented in four classes, namely: 4. The understanding of Ethics and Bioethics in research; 3. Researcher's social position; 1. Legal responsibilities of the researcher and 2. Normative aspects of research ethics - legal basis. Conclusion: Scholars represent ethical and bioethical aspects in research as essential to respect human dignity and protect the lives of research participants, with a focus on normative aspects of research ethics through Research Committees. Their attitudes are guided by their conditions of life, their beliefs and cultures of different social contexts. Keywords: Bioethics, ethics, social psychology.

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-41
Author(s):  
Shivangi Nigam ◽  
Niranjana Soperna

Violence against women is linked to their disadvantaged position in the society. It is rooted in unequal power relationships between men and women in society and is a global problem which is not limited to a specific group of women in society. An adolescent girl’s life is often accustomed to the likelihood of violence, and acts of violence exert additional power over girls because the stigma of violence often attaches more to a girl than to the  perpetrator. The experience of violence is distressing at the individual emotional and physical level. The field of research and programmes for adolescent girls has traditionally focused on sexuality, reproductive health, and behaviour, neglecting the broader social issues that underpin adolescent girls’ human rights, overall development, health, and well-being. This paper is an endeavour to address the understated or disguised form of violence which the adolescent girls experience within the social contexts. The parameters exposed under this research had been ignored to a large extent when it comes to studying the dimension of violence under the social domain. Hence, the researchers attempted to explore this camouflaged form of violence and discovered some specific parameters such as: Diminished Self Worth and Esteem, Verbal Abuse, Menstruation Taboo and Social Rigidity, Negligence of Medical and Health Facilities and Complexion- A Prime Parameter for Judging Beauty. The study was conducted in the districts of Haryana (India) where personal interviews were taken from both urban and rural adolescent girls (aged 13 to 19 years) based on  a structured interview schedule. The results revealed that the adolescent girls, both in urban as well as rural areas were quite affected with the above mentioned issues. In urban areas, however, due to the higher literacy rate, which resulted in more rational thinking, the magnitude was comparatively smaller, but the difference was still negligible.  


Rev Rene ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. e44199
Author(s):  
Wanderson Carneiro Moreira ◽  
Vanessa Carvalho Fontinele ◽  
Fernanda Cláudia Miranda Amorim ◽  
Maria do Perpétuo Socorro de Sousa Nóbrega ◽  
Cláudia Maria Sousa de Carvalho ◽  
...  

Objective: to learn about the social representation of nursing students about the sexuality of elders with dementia. Methods: qualitative study, based on the Theory of Social Representations, developed with 20 Nursing Graduation students from a Brazilian higher education institution. Data was collected through a focal group, processed in the software IRAMUTEQ and analyzed using a Descending Hierarchical Classification. Results: four semantic classes emerged: Sexuality as a right, The theme was insufficient in graduation, Meanings attributed to sexuality, and Care from the perspective of students. Conclusion: the study showed that the nursing students investigated had polysemic representations about the sexuality of elders with dementia, among which discriminatory and stigmatizing conceptions stood out, socially constructed and anchored in common sense.


2007 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 792-802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Dixon-Woods ◽  
Emma Angell ◽  
Richard E. Ashcroft ◽  
Alan Bryman

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Waldma Maíra Menezes de Oliveira ◽  
Ivanilde Apoluceno de Oliveira

Apresenta um recorte da dissertação intitulada “Representações Sociais de educandos surdos sobre a atuação do Intérprete Educacional no Ensino Superior”, queobjetiva analisar as representações sociais de educandos surdos sobre o Intérprete Educacional, buscando identificar as implicações destas representações na aprendizagem e no processo de inclusão educacional dos educandos surdos. Os objetivos específicos são: investigar as imagens e os sentidos atribuídos pelos alunos surdos ao Intérprete de Língua de Sinais, na prática educacional; e identificar como as Representações Sociais sobre os Intérpretes, por parte dos educandos surdos, interferem no processo de sua aprendizagem educacional. Os sujeitos da pesquisa são dez educandos surdos que partilharam suas representações sobre atuação do Intérprete Educacional no nível superior A investigação apresenta enfoque qualitativo, com o uso, nos seus procedimentos, de um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturada e da técnica do desenho. A abordagem no campo das Representações Sociais é a processual, de Moscovici (2009), por tratar sobre a gênese das Representações Sociais, analisando os processos de sua formação, a partir da historicidade e do contexto de produção, formando, assim, dois processos de representações: a objetivação e a ancoragem, que têm uma relação dialética entre si. De acordo com os resultados das representações sociais dos educandos surdos, o Intérprete Educacional é peça fundamental na construção da inclusão, haja vista que, sem ele, esses educandos ficam isolados, sem informação e sem aprendizagem. Desse modo, a esse profissional é atribuída a responsabilidade de educar, interpretar e orientar o surdo no contexto do ensino superior.IMAGES AND MEANINGS OF THE EDUCATIONAL INTERPRETER BY DEAF LEARNERS IN HIGHER EDUCATIONAbstractI present a section of the dissertation titled “Social Representations of deaf students on the performance of the Educational Interpreter in Higher Education”. This paper main goal is to analyze the social representations by deaf learners on the educational interpreter, seeking to identify the implications of these representations for their learning and inclusion process. The specific objectives are: to investigate the images and meanings attributed by deaf students to the Sign Language Interpreter and to identify how the social representations interfere in their learning. The research participants are ten deaf students who shared their views on the Educational Interpreter’s performance at the higher education. The research presents a qualitative approach, with the use, in its procedures, of a semi-structured interview and drawing technique. This paper is based on the work of Moscovici (2009), which deals with the genesis of Social Representations. His theory analyses how they are constructed, considering the background and the production context and, thus, forming two processes of Representations: anchoring and objectification, which have a dialectical relationship between them and allow the creation of a figurative nucleus that presents itself with  a symbolic structure. The results show that the Educational Interpreter has a fundamental role in the inclusion, since without him the deaf learner becomes isolated, without access to information and without learning. Therefore, to this worker is assigned the responsibility of educating, interpreting and guiding the deaf person in the context of higher education.Keywords: Social Representations. Educational Interpreter. Deaf Learner.IMÁGENES Y SENTIDOS DE EDUCANDOS SORDOS SOBRE LA ACTUACIÓN DEL INTÉRPRETE EDUCACIONAL EN EDUCACIÓN SUPERIORResumenApresenta un recorte de la disertación titulada “Representaciones Sociales de los Estudiantes Sordos sobre la actuación del Interprete Educativo en la Educación Superior, que objetiva analizar las representaciones sociales de los educandos sordos sobre el intérprete educacional, buscando identificar las implicaciones de estas representaciones en el aprendizaje y proceso de inclusión educativo de los estudiantes sordos. Los objetivos específicos son: investigar las imágenes y los sentidos atribuidos por los alumnos sordos al Intérprete de Lenguaje de Señas en la práctica educacional e identificar como las Representaciones Sociales sobre los intérpretes, por parte de los estudiantes sordos, interfieren en el proceso de su aprendizaje educativo. Los sujetos de la investigación son 10 educandos sordos que compartieron sus representaciones sobre el trabajo del Interprete Educativo al nivel superior. La investigación presenta un enfoque cualitativo utilizando un plan de entrevistas semiestructuradas y una técnica de diseño. El enfoque utilizado en el campo de las Representaciones Sociales es el del proceso de Moscovici (2009), por tratar sobre el origen de las Representaciones Sociales, analizando los procesos de su formación, la cual considera la historicidad y el contexto de producción, formando así dos procesos de representaciones: la objetivación y el anclaje, que tienen una relación dialéctica entre sí. De acuerdo con los resultados de las representaciones sociales de los estudiantes sordos, el Intérprete Educativo es pieza fundamental en la construcción de la inclusión, ya que sin él, esos educandos quedan aislados, sin información y sin aprendizaje. De este modo, a este profesional le es atribuida la responsabilidad de educar, interpretar y orientar al sordo en el contexto de la enseñanza superior.Palabras claves: Representaciones Sociales. Intérprete educativo. Estudiante sordo.


2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Tereza Carvalho Almeida ◽  
Fernanda Alves Maia ◽  
Ernesto José Hoffman ◽  
Ana Tereza Fernandes Barbosa ◽  
Cristina Andrade Sampaio ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT Faculty Development seeks to support educators in a range of functions in the areas of teaching, research, extension, management and evaluation. The aim of this study was to evaluate faculty development based on the social representations constructed by the teachers of a medical course. A qualitative survey was carried out, using the analytical method of discourse analysis and social representation as a theoretical contribution. Twelve teachers were randomly selected, and a semi-structured interview was conducted for the data collection. The responses, recorded in audio, were transcribed and discourse analysis was performed with the aim of mapping the social representations constructed by the subjects. The social representations were grouped into two categories: institutional development and personal development. Within the category institutional development, three subcategories were identified: Guiding principles of Faculty Development Programs, Teaching-learning strategies used in Faculty Development Programs, and Skills to be developed by faculty. Within the category Personal development, two subcategories were identified: Development as a person and as a social being, and Professional development. Over the years, a variety of social representations have been constructed in relation to the nature of teaching in medical education, but it is only in recent decades that managers and teachers of educational institutions have begun to focus more closely on this topic. In the present study, it was observed that for faculty development to be effective, the educator must have a desire to learn; however, institutional support and recognition are also essential. Faculty Development Programs must be flexible and adaptable, to meet the needs of the institution and its professors, and encourage reflection on their practices, though the exchange of experiences, the development of interpersonal relationships, and collaboration. However, it is vital to identify and facilitate the development of leadership skills, and to systematically evaluate the process and the results achieved. This will encourage teachers to develop in their academic careers and thereby increase the professionalization of teaching. Managers and teachers can sustain a shared mission to win resources, adapt to change, strive for excellence in the leadership of the organization in a national and international context, and consequently, provide a quality medical education.


2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 2585
Author(s):  
Raimunda Maria Melo ◽  
Rosineide Santana Brito

ABSTRACTObjective: to analyze what can be perceived about men regarding their presence at hospital during the birth of their child. Methodology: the research is exploratory and descriptive, of qualitative nature. The collection of data will be done at Ana Bezerra University hospital in the municipality of Santa Cruz/ State of Rio Grande do Norte, by way of semi-structured interview - upon having received permission from the Research Ethics Committee at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, the consent of the unit’s administration, as well as the interviewees’ formal consent. The statements will be treated according to Bardin’s content analysis and the results analysis will be based on the principles of symbolic interaction in Blumer. Expected results: the results will be able to aid in strategies for assisting the woman and her companion at each stage of the birth worked, the birth itself, and the immediate period of recuperation in agreement with Humane Politics in Obstetrical Assistance. Besides this, one will be able to uncover other themes of interest for nursing, especially for obstetricians from the perspective of including the man’s participation in the context of child birth. Descriptors: obstetrical nursing; humanization of assistance; humanized birth.RESUMOObjetivo: analisar a percepção do homem quanto à sua presença na sala de parto durante o nascimento de seu filho. Metodologia: trata-se de uma pesquisa do tipo exploratório e descritivo de natureza qualitativa. A coleta dos dados será realizada no Hospital Universitário Ana Bezerra no município de Santa Cruz/RN, por meio da entrevista semiestruturada, após parecer favorável do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, anuência da diretora da unidade e consentimento formal dos entrevistados. Os depoimentos serão tratados de acordo com a análise de conteúdo segundo Bardin e a análise dos resultados terá como base os princípios do interacionismo simbólico conforme Blumer. Resultados esperados: os resultados poderão subsidiar estratégias de atenção à mulher e seu companheiro em cada estágio do trabalho de parto, parto, e puerpério imediato em consonância com a Política da Humanização da Assistência Obstétrica. Além disso, poderão desvelar outras temáticas de interesse para a enfermagem, sobretudo a enfermagem obstétrica na perspectiva de efetivar a participação do homem no contexto do nascimento do filho. Descritores: enfermagem obstétrica; humanização da assistência; parto humanizado.RESUMENObjetivo: analizar la percepción del hombre cuanto a su presencia en la sala de parto durante el nacimiento de su hijo. Metodología: esta investigación es tipo  exploratorio descriptivo de la naturaleza cualitativa. La coleta de dados será realizada en el hospital universitario Ana Bezerra, en Santa Cruz/ RN, a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas, con la aprobación favorable del comité de Ética en búsqueda de la Universidad Federal de Rio Grande do Norte, la anuencia del director de la unidad y el consentimiento formal de los entrevistados. Los testimonios serán tratados de acuerdo con la análisis de contenido  según Bardin e la análisis de los resultados se basará en los principios del interaccionismo simbólico conformé Blumer. Resultados esperados: los resultados pueden subvencionar a desarrollar estrategias de atención a la mujer y su pareja en cada etapa del trabajo de parto, parto y en el postparto inmediato en consonancia con la política de humanización de la asistencia obstétrica. Además, pueden descubrir otros aspectos de interés para enfermería, sobre todo para la  enfermería obstétrica especialmente en vista de la participación efectiva de los hombres en el contexto del nacimiento de su hijo. Descriptores: enfermería obstétrica; humanización de la atención; parto humanizado.


Author(s):  
Alessandra Sampaio Cunha ◽  
Armando Paulo Ferreira Loureiro ◽  
Joana dArc de Vasconcelos Neves

This article articulates the debate on the initial training of rural teachers, Youth and Adult Education (EJA) and the psychosocial processes that guide the training of teachers to / in rural schools. To this end, it embarks on the theoretical field of Social Representations (RS) in order to analyze the senses and meanings of teachers who completed the Degree Course in Rural Education under the contribution of their training process to work in the EJA / countryside in the Amazon Paraense. This is a qualitative study of the exploratory / explanatory type that used the questionnaire and the semi-structured interview to collect the data. The results of this study indicate that the Social Representations of the teachers about the Degree in Rural Education are enrolled in meanings that reaffirm that specific training, geared to the needs of rural people, contributed with knowledge and teaching-learning processes that potentialized (re) thinking and innovating pedagogical practices. The rural teachers also see the course as a space for the production of differentiated knowledge of being and becoming a teacher of EJA in the field, insofar as they help to understand the social and political dynamics of the peasant way of life in the Brazilian Amazonian rural areas.


2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rejane Santos Barreto ◽  
Maria Lúcia Silva Servo ◽  
Alba Benemérita Alves Vilela ◽  
Elaine Guedes Fontoura ◽  
Sinara de Lima Souza ◽  
...  

Objective. To analyze the concepts of patient safety from the perspective of the social representations of intensive care nurses. Methods. An exploratory, qualitative and quantitative study, based on the Theory of Social Representations, was conducted in a large hospital in northeastern Brazil, with 20 intensive care nurses. Data collection took place in 2019, using the techniques of free word association test and semi-structured interview. The lexicons apprehended in the test were processed by the OpenEvoc software, by prototypical analysis of the evocations, and for the interview data, thematic content analysis was used. Results. In the composition of the central nucleus, the elements of surveillance, knowledge, identification, communication, and quality stood out, and in the constitution of the peripheral system of the social representations of intensive care nurses permeate care, attention, attitudes, and normative aspects. The triangulation of the findings outlined three thematic categories: Central dimensions of critical patient safety; Attitudinal dimensions for patient safety in intensive care; Normative dimensions linked to the safe handling of the patient in the ICU. Conclusion. The social representations of intensive care nurses reveal that the critical patient's conceptions of security involve effective surveillance and communication, promotion of a safe environment based on risk prevention, use of guides and protocols, teamwork, and the sense of responsibility and commitment to individuality of being cared for, elements that for this social group, are the differential for assertive and safe care.


2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 1129-1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laelson Rochelle Milanês Sousa ◽  
Luana Kelle Batista Moura ◽  
Andreia Rodrigues Moura da Costa Valle ◽  
Rosilane de Lima Brito Magalhães ◽  
Maria Eliete Batista Moura

ABSTRACT Objective: To apprehend the social representations elaborated by older people about HIV/AIDS and to understand how they relate to the prevention of HIV infection. Method: Descriptive and qualitative research based on the Theory of Social Representations with 42 older people assisted at primary care. Data were produced through in-depth interviews with a semi-structured instrument, processed in the IRaMuTeQ software, and analyzed by means of the descending hierarchical classification. Results: Five classes emerged: “HIV/AIDS: a problem of young people”; “Quality of life improvement for people living with HIV/AIDS”; “Vulnerability to HIV/AIDS among heterosexual women in a stable union”; “HIV/AIDS Information Network: process of creation and transformation of social representations” and “Prevention versus stigma”. Final considerations: The social representations that older people have about HIV/AIDS influence the adoption of preventive measures negatively because stigma is present and HIV/AIDS is attributed to young men, and to men who have sex with other men.


2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
 John Mark Vergara ◽  
Ladee Abigail Angeles ◽  
 Ashley Angel Pagkalinawan ◽  
Maurice Villafranca

Orphan studies are scarce internationally and locally. However, the implications of these orphans are tantamount to the society's effort to advancement. One of the problems that the Philippines need to address is its status on the abandoned, neglected and orphaned children. The country has an abandoned children problem (Kaiman & De Leon, 2016). About 1.8 million children in the Philippines are under the status of abandoned or neglected. This phenomenological study focused on the experiences, aspirations, and fears of orphaned children living in and outside the orphanage. The study sought ethical clearance from the ethics committee to ensure that ethical standards were observed. Trustworthiness and rigor were ensured through member checking. Measures to protect participants' confidentiality and anonymity were followed. Five (5) participants were purposively chosen through criterion sampling and data were collected through semi-structured interview. Narratives were transcribed verbatim and reflectively analyzed using Collaizi's (1978) Procedural Steps. Analyzed narratives revealed three (3) dominant themes: (1) Nay, Tay, Bakit? Questions of Sufferings, (2) Paglaho ng Alaala: Standing Anchored in the Ground (3) Bakas ng Nakalipas: A Choice to Move Forward. The study revealed that the orphans underwent social, emotional, mental, spiritual and physical difficulties as an orphaned child. The study includes suggestions and recommendations for exploring the health and nutritional status and psychological well-being of an orphan.


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