A Study of the Scientist’s Image in the Context of S. Moscovici’s Theory of Social Representations

The article describes the scientific and social aspects of the functioning of the scientific school created by S. Mosсoviсi, revealing various forms of this association: a research team, a scientific direction, an invisible college. The authors focus on the possibility of studying social representations through the inclusion of new analytical methods in the diagnostic toolkit, in particular, iconographic documents and images of a social object, which indicates the current stage of the functioning of S. Mosсoviсis scientific school. The formation of social representations not only through verbal associations but also through drawings is explored by the authors through the example of how adolescents develop their social representations of a scientist. The purpose of this study is to highlight the categorical features of the image of a scientist in modern Russian adolescents, identified using the DAST drawing technique. The hypothesis of the research is the assumption that the system of social representations of a scientist among Russian adolescents contains both stable indicators of a persons belonging to the professional scientific community and variable contextual elements of the scientists image, whereas the degree of expression and the ratio of stable and contextual elements reflect the characteristics of the scientists image in domestic respondents. The Draw-A-Scientist Test (DAST) technique was used as the main diagnostic tool aimed at identifying adolescent representations of a scientist based on iconographic associations.The obtained drawings were analyzed by the expert evaluation method, involving the procedures of correlation and factor analysis. The results of the study show that Russian adolescents generally have a stereotypical representation of a scientist associated with the use of general indicators of external appearance, which determine the professional affiliation of the character depicted. Differences were found in the frequency of using stable and contextual iconographic elements of drawings. It has been shown that it is possible to use the drawing technique as a diagnostic tool for identifying social representations of a scientist based on an analysis of the meaning of an object through its iconographic fixation.

Circling Communities

<p>There are works of architecture that are concerned with the user and others that are heavily concerned with form. Although the best buildings are concerned with both, it is often that one is compromised for the other. The site for this thesis is contested by four diverse communities; a surf club, a recreational park, a holiday park, and the surrounding houses. In developing a proposal for the site, the aim of this thesis is to explore design processes and formal strategies that will create an architecture concerned with both. Throughout this thesis there are a series of design experiments which view the building from different directions according to the design medium. When using diagrams and mass models I have viewed the building from above (plan). When using a refined drawing technique I have viewed the building from the side (section). I have then used both physical and digital models as a way of translating the two-dimensional views into a three-dimensional building. This shift in design media has revealed that the plan and section can have opposing formal qualities. These qualities, simplicity in plan and complexity in section, have allowed me to address both the social and formal concerns of designing on a site like this.</p>

Circling Communities

<p>There are works of architecture that are concerned with the user and others that are heavily concerned with form. Although the best buildings are concerned with both, it is often that one is compromised for the other. The site for this thesis is contested by four diverse communities; a surf club, a recreational park, a holiday park, and the surrounding houses. In developing a proposal for the site, the aim of this thesis is to explore design processes and formal strategies that will create an architecture concerned with both. Throughout this thesis there are a series of design experiments which view the building from different directions according to the design medium. When using diagrams and mass models I have viewed the building from above (plan). When using a refined drawing technique I have viewed the building from the side (section). I have then used both physical and digital models as a way of translating the two-dimensional views into a three-dimensional building. This shift in design media has revealed that the plan and section can have opposing formal qualities. These qualities, simplicity in plan and complexity in section, have allowed me to address both the social and formal concerns of designing on a site like this.</p>

ILUSTRASI CERPEN RENJAYA SIAHAAN PADA KORAN ANALISA

Watercolor is a medium that is very difficult to use compared to other paint media. Coloring that is done by overlaying the colors with other colors tends to make the paper easily damaged and sometimes doesn't match the expected color. Mistakes also often occur when mixing water with watercolors. Sometimes the consistency is still too thick and sometimes too runny so that the application must be full of consideration and caution. This study aims to determine the difference between the illustration drawing technique applied by Renjaya Siahaan and the aquarel technique in using watercolor media. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. Sampling in this study used a purposive sampling technique, namely 10 short story illustrations in Analisa Newspaper Daily in the year of 2018-2019. Data were collected by conducting literature studies, interviews and observations. The results of the study concluded that the technique applied by Renjaya Siahaan in applying paint to the surface of the paper tended to be opaque. The process of making a Renjaya Siahaan illustration image begins with reading a short story that will be illustrated, contemplating and observing what objects will be depicted. Furthermore, after the idea is obtained, it is continued with making a sketch, giving basic colors, adding a dark and light impression and the finishing stage. The technique applied by Renjaya Siahaan is more wasteful of paint and requires more time in the processing process compared to the use of watercolor with aquarel technique which is more effective and efficient in minimizing processing time and material usage.Keywords: cerpen illustration, renjaya siahaan, analisa.AbstrakCat air merupakan media yang sangat sulit untuk digunakan dibandingkan media cat lainnya. Pewarnaan yang dilakukan dengan melapisi warna dengan warna lainnya cenderung membuat kertas mudah rusak dan terkadang tidak sesuai dengan warna yang diharapkan. Kesalahan juga kerap terjadi saat mencampur air dengan cat air. Kadang konsistensinya masih terlalu pekat dan bahkan kadang terlalu encer sehingga dalam pengaplikasiannya harus penuh pertimbangan dan kehati-hatian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan tentang teknik menggambar ilustrasi yang diterapkan Renjaya Siahaan dengan teknik aquarel dalam menggunakan media cat air. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, yaitu 10 karya ilustrasi cerpen di Koran Analisa tahun 2018-2019. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan melakukan studi pustaka, wawancara dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa teknik yang diterapkan Renjaya Siahaan dalam mengaplikasikan cat pada permukaan kertas cenderung bersifat plakat. Proses pembuatan gambar ilustrasi Renjaya Siahaan dimulai dengan membaca cerpen yang akan di ilustrasikan, perenungan dan observasi terkait objek apa saja yang akan digambarkan. Selanjutnya setelah ide diperoleh dilanjutkan dengan pembuatan sketsa, pemberian warna dasar, menambah kesan gelap terang dan tahap finishing. Teknik yang diterapkan Renjaya Siahaan lebih boros cat dan memerlukan lebih banyak waktu dalam proses pengerjaannya dibandingkan dengan penggunaan cat air dengan teknik aquarel dimana lebih efektif dan efisien dalam hal meminimalisir waktu pengerjaan dan penggunaan material.Kata Kunci: ilustrasi cerpen, renjaya siahaan, analisa. Authors:Nahanda Tinambunan : Universitas Negeri MedanR. Triyanto : Universitas Negeri MedanAdek Cerah Kurnia Azis : Universitas Negeri Medan References:­Halawa, W. E., Triyanto, R., Budiwiwaramulja, D., & Azis, A. C. K. (2020). Analisis Gambar Ilustrasi Hombo Batu Nias Gunungsitoli. Gorga: Jurnal Seni Rupa, 9(1), 193-203. https://doi.org/10.24114/gr.v9i1.18793.Kusrianto, Adi. (2007). Pengantar Desain Komunikasi Visual. Yogyakarta: Andi.Maharsi, Indiria. (2016). Ilustrasi. Yogyakarta: ISI Yogyakarta.Priyatni, Endah Tri. (2010). Membaca Sastra dengan Ancangan Literasi Kritis. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara.Said, Abdul Aziz dan Arifin, Irfan. (2016). Dasar-Dasar Melukis Cat Air. Jurnal DKV Fakultas Seni dan Desain UNM, 3(2), 9-18. http://eprints.unm.ac.id/id/eprint/11281.Salam, Sofyan. (2017). Seni Ilustrasi. Makassar: Badan Penerbit UNM.Sembiring, Dermawan. (2014). Wawasan Seni. Medan: Unimed Press.Siahaan, R. (2019). “Hasil Karya Ilustrasi”. Hasil Dokumentasi Pribadi: 18 November 2019, Mieko Art School.

Image of the environmental scientist

The environmental scientist has been playing an important role in preventing and mitigating environmental pollution. Individuals’ images of the environmental scientist will likely impact and meditate their interest and attitudes toward environmental science as well as their willingness to take up an environmental science profession. However, prior studies focusing on the image of a professional are primarily of the general scientist. The environmental scientist and the image thereof remains out of the limelight of environmental science community and has been under-researched. In this article, on the basis of the retrospect on the stereotypical images of the general and environmental scientist and the gaps in previous studies, we attempted to report young individuals’ images of the environmental scientist in an alternative context. Drawing technique was employed and administered to 127 junior students aged from 13 to 15 year-old from a junior high school. The individuals’ image of environmental scientists can be generally abstracted as a male with environmental protection knowledge and commitment to environmental protection who does work more like a green chemist, ecology restorer, or plant protector and observes or cleans outdoors, primarily in forest, jungle, and/or by riverside.

Advanced Thermally Drawn Multimaterial Fibers: Structure-Enabled Functionalities

Thermally drawn multimaterial fibers have experienced rapid development in the past two decades owing to the high scalability, uniformity, and material and structure compatibility of the thermal drawing technique. This article reviews various multimaterial fibers based on different functional structures and their applications in disparate fields. We start from the functional structures achieved in optical fibers developed in the early stage of thermally drawn fibers. Subsequently, we introduce both typical functional structures and unique structures created in multimaterial fibers for varying applications. Next, we present the early attempts in breaking the axial symmetric structures of thermally drawn fibers for extended functionalities. Additionally, we summarize the current progress on creating surface structures on thermally drawn fibers. Finally, we provide an outlook for this trending topic towards wearable devices and smart textiles.