Indexing in hypertext environments: the role of user models

1995 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-256
Author(s):  
Michael Forrester
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Material ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Task Analysis ◽  
Index Structures ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Computing Systems ◽  
User Models ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Relationship

A growing interest in the application of hypertext (hypermedia) to the task of indexing reflects the increasing availability of online electronic material (text and text/graphics/video; CD), and a recognition that considerable benefits might arise from the application of hypermedia techniques (both in academic and commercial contexts). This paper considers the relationship between indexing and hypermedia on two fronts: Conceptualizing adequate models of index structures and indexing procedures; and establishing what readers do when accessing indexes. There is a range of explicit and implicit models (or abstractions) underlying databases, documents and indexes. A fundamental starting point for the development of substructure indexing tools for use with hypermedia is the precise specification of such models. Analysis of substructure indexing models will allow the identification of largely technical constraints (fundamentally linked to the system-derived parameters of particular computing systems), and conceptual constraints (intrinsic to the ’semantics’ of indexes and indexing procedures). Related also are aspects of the problem deriving from how indexes (the electronic form) can, and should be, presented. The first part of this paper considers a framework for the identification of such models. The second aspect of the research reported here concerns index use. A field study was conducted looking at the use accountants (N = 10) make of indexing facilities in a large financial services document. Task analysis highlighted the range of problems encountered, strategies employed and the kinds of solutions arrived at. The results indicate that there are six key factors underlying the ‘rule of thumb’ procedure users employ when interrogating an index. The implication for this study for the design of indexing tools within hypermedia environment are discussed.

scholarly journals The Impact of Political Authority on Building the Architectural Image

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 104-117
Author(s):  
Basim Hasan Hashim Al-Majidi
Keyword(s):  
Research Problem ◽  
Political Authority ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
National Symbols ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Effective Role ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

Architectural studies differed about the concept of power in architecture according to the type of authority and the intellectual and theoretical orientations of these studies. Authority is one of the key factors influencing the formation of the identity of architecture. The building has its image or the effective way in the formation of its distinctive civilization structure, hence the purpose of the serach study the relationship (political power architecture), and study the potential of power and its impact on the architectural image. Here, the problem of research can be determined by (the lack of clarity of the comprehensive conceptual perception of the political and material capabilities of authority in building the architectural image). In the research problem, deals with a comprehensive conceptual framework which has constructed by addressing a series of studies, researches and international experiences that have reflected the influence of political authority on building the image of architecture, and thus adopting the vocabulary derived from the theoretical framework in analyzing a number of international and Arab's projects that reflect the effective role of authority in building and shaping the architectural identity of those buildings in particular and their reflection on the city in general. The results of this application and conclusions have analyzed, which showed the intentionally effect of political authority on the general taste of the governed group, through the conscious imitation of the vocabulary, forms and relationships of the physical image used by the ruling authority as models of economic power and dominance. The results have showed this effect unconsciously which lead to the production of replicable models in different places or models. It has counted as symbols for a specific period of time and then turn into national symbols that form the starting point of an architectural identity that symbolizes this era.

PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF ORGANIZATION OF FRAUD SCHEMES IN THE FIELD OF THE FINANCIAL MARKET

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 69-77
Author(s):  
Аleksey V. Zverev ◽  
◽  
Marina Yu. Mishina ◽  
Andrey V. Novikov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Financial Market ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Psychological Aspects ◽  
Financial Fraud ◽  
Stressful Situation ◽  
Potential Victim ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Relationship

This article reflects the peculiarities of the psychological connection between a financial fraudster and his potential victim. The process of forming a stressful situation depending on the type of financial fraud is described, the reasons for its occurrence and the result of implementation associated with a decrease in critical thinking are indicated. The essence is also revealed, including from the perspective of the relationship between the fraudster and the potential victim, and the types of financial fraud and practical examples of their manifestation are considered. The psychological portrait of a financial fraudster and his transformation in connection with the changing preferences of consumers of financial services are described. The role of the Bank of Russia in reducing the activity of financial fraud and ensuring the stability of the financial market is reflected.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Business Environment and Single Champion Enterprise Entrepreneurship

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanti Wu ◽  
Jinjin Lin
Keyword(s):  
Financial Services ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Financial Service ◽  
Market Environment ◽  
Multiple Resources ◽  
Configuration Theory ◽  
Market Driven ◽  
Innovation Type ◽  
The Relationship

What kind of business environment can produce high single champion enterprise entrepreneurship is a new issue for discussion in research on entrepreneurship. Based on institutional configuration theory and the fcQCA method, the present paper analyses the relationship between the business environment and single champion enterprise entrepreneurship from the perspective of configuration. This paper studies the role of the business environment in 80 case cities all over the country in promoting high single champion enterprise entrepreneurship and discusses three business environment configurations concerning high single champion enterprise entrepreneurship and two configurations concerning non-high single champion enterprise entrepreneurship. Three typical business environment element configurations can promote high single champion enterprise entrepreneurship, namely, the market innovation type dominated by multiple resources, the financial service–driven type assisted by resources, and the market-driven type led by financial services, which reflects the significance of financial services and the market environment.

Internationalization Process of Innovative SMEs in Lebanon

2015 ◽  
pp. 365-388
Author(s):  
Maarouf Ramadan
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Research Proposal ◽  
Internationalization Process ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter aims to highlight the relationship between innovation and internationalization in the context of international development of Lebanese innovative SMEs. The problems of the commitment of these SMEs in a process of internationalization is relevant in the Mediterranean countries in general and Lebanon in particular, but few empirical studies have been done so far to understand their international development (Ramadan, 2008; Ramadan and Levratto, 2011). The role of key factors such as size, age, international cooperation and strategic planning in the international development of Lebanese SMEs has rarely been comprehensively studied. Motivated by the literature that establishes a positive relationship between innovation and internationalization, this study presents a research proposal on these SMEs to bring out certain variables that characterize them. Moreover, the aim of the study is to verify the effect of the above factors and integrates into schools of thought that attempt to demonstrate that the international development of SMEs is influenced by a context that must be identified in the case of Lebanon.

Validation and Design Science Research in Information Systems

2012 ◽  
pp. 403-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael A. Gonzalez ◽  
Henk G. Sol
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Design Science ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Design Science Research ◽  
Theoretical Contribution ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Validation Strategy

Validation within design science research in Information Systems (DSRIS) is much debated. The relationship of validation to artifact evaluation is still not clear. This chapter aims at elucidating several components of DSRIS in relation to validation. The role of theory and theorizing are an important starting point, because there is no agreement as to what types of theory should be produced. Moreover, if there is a theoretical contribution, then there needs to be clear guidance as to how the designed artifact and its evaluation are related to the theory and its validation. The epistemological underpinnings of DSRIS are also open to different alternatives, including positivism, interpretivism, and pragmatism, which affect the way that the validation strategy is conceived, and later on, accepted or rejected. The type of reasoning guiding a DSRIS endeavor, whether deductive, inductive, or abductive, should also be considered as it determines the fundamental logic behind any research validation. Once those choices are in place, artifact evaluation may be carried out, depending on the type of artifact and the type of technique available. Finally, the theoretical contribution may be validated from a formative (process-oriented) or summative (product-oriented) perspective.

scholarly journals FinTech in COVID-19 and Beyond: What Factors Are Affecting Customers’ Choice of FinTech Applications?

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad K. Al nawayseh
Keyword(s):  
Financial Services ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Intention To Use ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Modeling Techniques ◽  
Customer Trust ◽  
The Relationship

Accessing financial services is considered one of the main challenges facing communities during crises. This research studies the role of using FinTech applications to build resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research empirically examines the factors affecting Jordanian citizens’ intention to use FinTech applications. The sample of the research comprised 500 potential FinTech service users in Jordan. Based on the research conceptual model, five hypotheses were developed and tested using structural equation modeling techniques (SEM-PLS). The research results indicate that perceived benefits and social norms significantly affect the intention to use FinTech applications. However, it has been found that perceived technology risks do not significantly affect the intention to use FinTech applications. Moreover, the results also indicate that customer trust is significantly mediating the relationship between perceived risks and intention to use FinTech applications. FinTech service providers should insure that their products are easy to use, fulfill needs and protect consumers’ data in order to ensure trust, hence positively influencing consumer adoption.

The strategic human resource management approaches and organisational performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adnan Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Human Resource Management ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Strategic Human Resource Management ◽  
Organisational Performance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Creative Climate ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeDespite the strategic importance of the approaches, most of the approaches consider “internal fit” or “external fit”, and do not consider the role of creative climate. The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between approaches to strategic human resource management (SHRM) and organisational performance through a creative climate.Design/methodology/approachThis paper has divided into three parts. First, the paper explores the literatures on the constructs. Second, it examines the relationships between constructs dealt with in the literature. Third, the review identifies the gaps in the literature and describes future recommendations of research for this field.FindingsThis study can serve as a starting point for future research on the relationship between SHRM practices, creative climate and organisational performance in terms of financial, human resource and customer retention. Researchers and practitioners need to understand the relationship between the three constructs.Originality/valueThe paper helps managers need to design strategic HRM policies and practices that are aligned with creative climate and organisational performance. Furthermore, it helps scholars/researchers focus their research on the relationship between HRM approaches (universal and contingency approaches), organisational performance and examining the role of creative climate as a mediator to overcome its causal limitations.

scholarly journals The search-ification of everyday life and the mundane-ification of search

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olof Sundin ◽  
Jutta Haider ◽  
Cecilia Andersson ◽  
Hanna Carlsson ◽  
Sara Kjellberg
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Online Searching ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand how meaning is assigned to online searching by viewing it as a mundane, yet often invisible, activity of everyday life and an integrated part of various social practices. Design/methodology/approach Searching is investigated with a sociomaterial approach with a starting point in information searching as entangled across practices and material arrangements and as a mundane part of everyday life. In total, 21 focus groups with 127 participants have been carried out. The study focusses particularly on peoples’ experiences and meaning-making and on how these experiences and the making of meaning could be understood in the light of algorithmic shaping. Findings An often-invisible activity such as searching is made visible with the help of focus group discussions. An understanding of the relationship between searching and everyday life through two interrelated narratives is proposed: a search-ification of everyday life and a mundane-ification of search. Originality/value The study broadens the often narrow focus on searching in order to open up for a research-based discussion in information science on the role of online searching in society and everyday life.

scholarly journals Coronary heart disease: dietary links and pathogenesis

2001 ◽  
Vol 4 (2b) ◽  
pp. 459-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serge Renaud ◽  
Dominique Lanzmann-Petithory
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Intervention Trials ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractFor decades it has been postulated that the main environmental factor for coronary heart disease (CHD) was the intake of saturated fatty acids (SFA). Nevertheless, confirmation of the role of SFA in CHD through intervention trials has been disappointing. It was only when the diet was enriched in n-3 fatty acids that CHD was significantly prevented, especially cardiac death.In addition to n-3 fatty acids, many other foodstuffs or nutrients such as fibers, antioxidants, folic acid, calcium and even alcohol contribute to prevent CHD. Thus the relationship between diet and CHD morbidity and mortality appears to be much more complex than formerly suspected considering as key factors only SFA, linoleic acid, cholesterol and atherosclerosis. Some of the mechanisms are briefly described, but many additional nutrients (or non nutrients) may also play an important role in the pathogenesis of CHD.Finally, as a result of the most recent epidemiologic studies the ideal diet may comprise: 8% energy from SFA, 5% from polyunsaturated fatty acids with a ratio 5/1 of linoleic/alpha-linolenic acid+longer chains n-3, oleic acid as desired, large intake of cereals, vegetables, legumes and fruits, fish twice a week, cheese and yogurt as dairy products, rapeseed and olive oils as edible fat. Without side effects, such a diet can be highly palatable, easily enjoyed by many populations and may prevent effectively and rapidly (within a few weeks or months) CHD.

The Tolstoy Connection in Bakhtin

PMLA ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caryl Emerson
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Good Reader ◽  
Death In Literature ◽  
Binary Model ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Good Starting Point ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Mikhail Bakhtin's work on Dostoevsky is well known. Less familiar, perhaps, is Bakhtin's attitude toward the other great Russian nineteenth-century novelist, Leo Tolstoy. This essay explores that “Tolstoy connection,” both as a means for interrogating Bakhtin's analytic categories and as a focus for evaluating the larger tradition of “Tolstoy versus Dostoevsky.” Bakhtin is not a particularly good reader of Tolstoy. But he does make provocative use of the familiar binary model to pursue his most insistent concerns: monologism versus dialogism, the relationship of authors to their characters, the role of death in literature and life, and the concept of the self. Bakhtin's comments on these two novelists serve as a good starting point for assessing the strengths and weaknesses of the Bakhtinian model in general and suggest ways one might recast the dialogue between Tolstoy and Dostoevsky on somewhat different, more productive ground.

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