Characterization of compounds and quantitative analysis of oleuropein in commercial olive leaf extracts

Compounds of natural origin may constitute an interesting tool for the treatment of neuroblastoma, the most prevalent extracranial solid tumor in children. PRES is a commercially available food supplement, composed of a 13:2 (w/w) extracts mix of Olea europaea L. leaves (OE) and Hibiscus sabdariffa L. flowers (HS). Its potential towards neuroblastoma is still unexplored and was thus investigated in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. PRES decreased the viability of cells in a concentration-dependent fashion (24 h IC50 247.2 ± 31.8 µg/mL). Cytotoxicity was accompanied by an increase in early and late apoptotic cells (AV-PI assay) and sub G0/G1 cells (cell cycle analysis), ROS formation, reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential, and caspases activities. The ROS scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine reverted the cytotoxic effects of PRES, suggesting a key role played by ROS in PRES-mediated SH-SY5Y cell death. Finally, the effects of OE and HS extracts were singularly tested and compared to those of the corresponding mixture. OE- or HS-mediated cytotoxicity was always significantly lower than that caused by PRES, suggesting a synergic effect. In conclusion, the present findings highlight the potential of PRES for the treatment of neuroblastoma and offers the basis for a further characterization of the mechanisms underlying its effects.

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Phytochemical evaluation of leaf extracts of Naringi crenulata (roxb.) Nicolson

International Journal of Bioassays ◽

10.21746/ijbio.2016.11.0020 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (11) ◽

pp. 5110

Author(s):

Sartaj Ahmad Allayie ◽

Mushtaq Ahmed Parray* ◽

Bilal Ahmad Bhat ◽

S. Hemalatha

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Analysis ◽

Solvent System ◽

Great Promise ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Bioactive Constituents ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Traditional Medicines ◽

The People ◽

Wide Range ◽

Rf Values

The use of traditional medicines holds a great promise as an easily available source as effective medicinal agents to cure a wide range of ailments among the people particularly in tropical developing countries like India. The present study investigates the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the major bioactive constituents of N. crenulata leaf extracts. The extractive values of aqueous, acetone and chloroform extracts were found to be 11.34, 4.24 and 6.06 respectively. Qualitative phytochemical analysis of these three solvent extracts confirm the presence of Alkaloids, Saponins, Flavonoids and Phenolic compounds in all the three extracts; however, these phytochemicals were more significant in aqueous extract. Quantitative analysis was carried out using TLC method by different solvent system. Amongst various solvent systems, Butanol: acetic acid: water (9: 0.9: 0.1 v/v/v) shows maximum resolution and number of spots produced at long UV (365 nm) and under iodine vapours. The TLC chromatograms constituted different coloured phytochemical compounds with different Rf values. It can be conveniently used to evaluate the quality of different area samples. This indicates that the leaves can be useful for treating different diseases because the therapeutic activity of a plant is due to the presence of particular class of compounds and thus can serve as potential sources of useful drugs in future.

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Complexity Analysis of Escher’s Art

Entropy ◽

10.3390/e21060553 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (6) ◽

pp. 553 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

António M. Lopes ◽

J. A. Tenreiro Machado

Keyword(s):

Complex System ◽

Quantitative Analysis ◽

Complexity Analysis ◽

Quantitative Characterization ◽

Cultural Economic ◽

Scaling Technique ◽

Artistic Production ◽

Formidable Challenge ◽

Visualization Techniques

Art is the output of a complex system based on the human spirit and driven by several inputs that embed social, cultural, economic and technological aspects of a given epoch. A solid quantitative analysis of art poses considerable difficulties and reaching assertive conclusions is a formidable challenge. In this paper, we adopt complexity indices, dimensionality-reduction and visualization techniques for studying the evolution of Escher’s art. Grayscale versions of 457 artworks are analyzed by means of complexity indices and represented using the multidimensional scaling technique. The results are correlated with the distinct periods of Escher’s artistic production. The time evolution of the complexity and the emergent patterns demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach for a quantitative characterization of art.

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Addition of Olive Leaf Extract to a Mixture of Algae and Extra Virgin Olive Oils Decreases Fatty Acid Oxidation and Synergically Attenuates Age-Induced Hypertension, Sarcopenia and Insulin Resistance in Rats

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox10071066 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 1066

Author(s):

Daniel González-Hedström ◽

María de la Fuente-Fernández ◽

Teresa Priego ◽

Ana Isabel Martín ◽

Sara Amor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Vascular Function ◽

Virgin Olive Oil ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Acid Oxidation ◽

Antioxidant Compounds ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Olive Leaf ◽

Leaf Extracts

Olive-derived products, such as virgin olive oil (EVOO) and/or olive leaf extracts (OLE), exert anti-inflammatory, insulin-sensitizing and antihypertensive properties and may be useful for stabilizing omega 3 fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) due to their high content in antioxidant compounds. In this study, the addition of OLE 4:0.15 (w/w) to a mixture of algae oil (AO) rich in n-3 PUFA and EVOO (25:75, w/w) prevents peroxides formation after 12 months of storage at 30 °C. Furthermore, the treatment with the oil mixture (2.5 mL/Kg) and OLE (100 mg/Kg) for 24 month old Wistar rats in 21 days improved the lipid profile, increased the HOMA-IR and decreased the serum levels of miRNAs 21 and 146a. Treatment with this new nutraceutical also prevented age-induced insulin resistance in the liver, gastrocnemius and visceral adipose tissue by decreasing the mRNA levels of inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. Oil mixture + OLE also attenuated the age-induced alterations in vascular function and prevented muscle loss by decreasing the expression of sarcopenia-related markers. In conclusion, treatment with a new nutraceutical based on a mixture of EVOO, AO and OLE is a useful strategy for improving the stability of n-3 PUFA in the final product and to attenuate the cardiometabolic and muscular disorders associated with aging.

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Characterization of Spent Ni-MH Batteries

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.730-732.569 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 730-732 ◽

pp. 569-574

Author(s):

Marta Cabral ◽

Fernanda Margarido ◽

Carlos A. Nogueira

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Analysis ◽

Electrode Materials ◽

Phase Identification ◽

Recycling Process ◽

X Ray ◽

Leaching Experiments ◽

Plastic Components ◽

Definition Of ◽

Physical And Chemical

Spent Ni-MH batteries are not considered too dangerous for the environment, but they have a considerable economical value due to the chemical composition of electrodes which are highly concentrated in metals. The present work aimed at the physical and chemical characterisation of spent cylindrical and thin prismatic Ni-MH batteries, contributing for a better definition of the recycling process of these spent products. The electrode materials correspond to more than 50% of the batteries weight and contain essentially nickel and rare earths (RE), and other secondary elements (Co, Mn, Al). The remaining components are the steel parts from the external case and supporting grids (near 30%) containing Fe and Ni, and the plastic components (<10%). Elemental quantitative analysis showed that the electrodes are highly concentrated in metals. Phase identification by X-ray powder diffraction combined with chemical analysis and leaching experiments allowed advancing the electrode materials composition. The cathode is essentially constituted by 6% metallic Ni, 66% Ni(OH)2, 4.3% Co(OH)2 and the anode consists mainly in 62% RENi5 and 17% of substitutes and/or additives such as Co, Mn and Al.

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