scholarly journals STRESS‐STRAIN ANALYSIS IN THE SOIL SAMPLE DURING LABORATORY TESTING

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neringa Verveckaite ◽  
Jonas Amsiejus ◽  
Vincentas Stragys
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Strain Analysis ◽  
Soil Strength ◽  
Horizontal Component ◽  
Stress And Strain ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Real Distribution ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Shear Box ◽  
Distribution Of Stress

During the determination of soil strength and compressibility in a laboratory by different apparatus soil is loaded in a different way. It has an influence on stress‐strain distribution in a sample. Some factors are not evaluated during the results interpretation, for example, friction between soil and device metal parts. The finite‐element method analysis also shows that during triaxial, oedometer, shear box tests distribution of stress and strain in the sample is non‐uniform. A special apparatus was designed and used for determining horizontal component of stress in the cross‐section of the sample. It was determined for sands that horizontal component of stress in the cross‐section centre is significantly smaller than at the edges. Increasing load plastic deformations are developing not in the whole sample but in particular places. If we know a real distribution of stress and strain in the sample, it is possible to determine the soil strength and deformation parameters in a more precise way or to rate the influence of different factors on soil properties.

On the distribution of stress and strain in the cross-section of a beam.

1904 ◽  
Vol 73 (488-496) ◽  
pp. 13-31
Author(s):  
John Morrow ◽  
Henry Selby Hele-Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Experimental Work ◽  
Compressive Strain ◽  
Lateral Strain ◽  
Stress And Strain ◽  
Tensile Strains ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Direct Tensile ◽  
Distribution Of Stress ◽  
Theoretical Considerations

Our knowledge of the strains produced in materials by different kinds and combinations of stress rests mainly on theoretical considerations. Much accurate experimental work has been done in the observation of direct tensile strains, but little attention has been given to the lateral strain accompanying a simple tensile or compressive strain, or to the lateral strain occurring in a bar under bending forces. The latter, indeed, has, perhaps, never before been measured in metal specimens.

scholarly journals VII.—Rupture Stresses in Beams and Crane Hooks.

1914 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-223
Author(s):  
Angus R. Fulton
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Stress ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Neutral Axis ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Inverse Proportion ◽  
Direct Loading ◽  
The Cross ◽  
External Forces ◽  
Distribution Of Stress

CONCLUSIONS1. It may be taken as conclusive that the final distribution of stress at rupture point in a member subjected to an external bending moment is a rectangular one, unless where the cohesion of adjacent layers is not sufficient to withstand the shear induced by the resisting moment of the section.2. That, provided shear does not take place, the neutral axis moves always to the position which reduces the summation of the tensile and compressive stress areas, across a section, to the equilibrant of the external forces. (In the case of a beam this reduces to zero; in that of a hook, at the principal section to the suspended weight.)3. That the total resisting moment of these stresses must be equal to the external bending moment as measured to the neutral axis at rupture point, but that these balancing moments do not differ materially from those measured to an axis obtained by dividing the sectional area into tensile and compressive stress areas which are in inverse proportion to the magnitude of their respective ultimate direct stresses.The advantage of these formulæ are important. It is possible to indicate with certainty the magnitude of the load which will cause rupture in a beam or a hook provided there is known the point of application or the effective arm of the load, the cross-section of the beam or hook, and the breaking strengths of the material when subjected to the different forms of direct loading.

Stress and Strain Analysis of Three-Layer Composites with Interlayer Slip under Hygrothermal Loads

2006 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 565-570
Author(s):  
D. Zabulionis
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Exact Solutions ◽  
Strain State ◽  
Strain Analysis ◽  
Stress And Strain ◽  
Function Form ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Stress Strain State ◽  
Layer Composite ◽  
Interlayer Slip

This article deals with the stress and strain state of a three–layer composite material with interlayer slip subjected to hygrothermal loading. The exact solutions in an explicit function form that allows one to determine the stress-strain state and deflection of three–layer composite subjected to hygrothermal loading and by taking this into consideration the interlayer slip is proposed.

scholarly journals The Stress-Strain State of the Drill String at the Section of the Borehole with a Cavern

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Ruslan Rachkevych ◽  
Iryna Rachkevych
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Relative Position ◽  
Strain State ◽  
Drill String ◽  
Transverse Load ◽  
Bending Stress ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Stress Strain State ◽  
Drill Pipes ◽  
The Cross

<p class="1Body">This study analyses the stress-strain state of a drill string at the section of the borehole with a cavern/chute. The study was conducted to obtain analytical dependencies to determine normal bending stress in the cross section of the drill string and its downforces to the walls of the well. This will allow to compare these values with the critical ones, and draw conclusions about the possibility and duration of the drill string operation under these conditions.</p><p class="1Body">The study is based on modelling the drill string as a beam, which indicates longitudinal and transverse load and deforms in-plane.</p><p class="1Body">The formulas obtained to determine stresses and pressing forces apply to the following cases of the relative position of the drill string in a straight borehole and a curved borehole with a cavern/chute: a – the drill string touches only the bottom of the borehole; b – the drill string touches only the bottom of the borehole and the bottom of the cavern/chute; c –  the drill string touches the top and the bottom of the borehole; d – the drill string touches the top and the bottom of the borehole and the cavern/chute.</p><p class="1Body">The calculations based on the dependencies obtained lead to the following conclusions: a – the cavern/chute in the inclined straight borehole causes bending stress value in the cross section of drill pipes proportional to the fatigue margin of the material; b – the cavern/chute in the curved borehole may increase normal bending stress in the cross section of the borehole up to five times.</p>

scholarly journals Elliptical FRP-Concrete-Steel Double-Skin Tubular Columns under Monotonic Axial Compression

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Zhang ◽  
Gui-Sen Feng ◽  
Yan-Lei Wang ◽  
Cong-Cong Lai ◽  
Chen-Chen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Steel Tube ◽  
Confined Concrete ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Tubular Columns ◽  
Strength Enhancement ◽  
Double Skin ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Frp Tube

Hybrid FRP-concrete-steel double-skin tubular columns (hybrid DSTCs) are a novel form of hollow columns consisting of an outer FRP tube, an inner steel tube, and an annular layer of concrete between the two tubes. Due to the effective confinement of the two tubes, the concrete in hybrid DSTCs is well confined, leading to excellent ductility and strength enhancement. Hybrid DSTCs also have excellent corrosion resistence due to the effective protection of the outer FRP tube. However, existing studies mainly focused on hybrid DSTCs with a circular cross-section. When subjecting to different loads in the two horizontal directions, elliptical columns are preferred as they can provide different bending stiffness and moment capacity around two axes of symmetry without significantly reducing the confining effect of the FRP tube. This paper extends the existing work on circular DSTCs to elliptical DSTCs with a particular focus on four issues: the effect of elliptical aspect ratio (i.e., the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of the outer elliptical cross-section), the effect of the FRP tube thickness, the effect of void area ratio (i.e., the ratio of the area of concrete void to the area of the outer elliptical section), and the effect of the cross-section of the inner steel tube (i.e., both rectangular and elliptical steel tubes were used). Experimental results show that, the averaged peak stress of the confined concrete in elliptical DSTCs increases with the increase in the elliptical aspect ratio, whereas the elliptical aspect ratio has no obvious effect on the ultimate axial strain; the cross-section shape of the inner steel tube has significant effect on the axial stress-strain behavior of the confined concrete in elliptical DSTCs; elliptical DSTCs with an elliptical steel tube exhibit much better ductility and strength enhancement than those specimens with a rectangular steel tube. A simple stress-strain model of confined concrete was proposed for elliptical DSTCs to account for the effects of the elliptical aspect ratio, the inner void, and the shape of the inner steel tube, which can provide reasonably accurate but conservative predictions.

Numerical Investigation of Stress-Strain State of Composite Compressor Blades in the Field of Centrifugal Forces

2019 ◽  
Vol 821 ◽  
pp. 118-124
Author(s):  
Alibek Nurimbetov ◽  
Marina Rynkovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Strain Analysis ◽  
Laminated Composite ◽  
Technological Problem ◽  
Centrifugal Forces ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Compressor Blades ◽  
Composite Blade ◽  
Strain Behaviour ◽  
Technical Theory

In this paper, based on the technical theory developed by the article contributors and the theory designed for twisting of a composite laminated rod of any cross section, a computer program for numerical stress-strain analysis of laminated composite blades in the centrifugal forces field is presented. The naturally twisted laminated composite blade is considered to be under the combined action of the tensile stresses, bending and twisting moments or under the influence of centrifugal forces. In the program, the technological problem of blade unfolding into petals is solved. These petals lie in planes which are parallel to the rod axis and appear due to the varying cross-section along the length of the blade. The investigated blade is represented with eight sections. The results of research on stress-strain behaviour of boron aluminium laminated compressor blades which operate in the fields of centrifugal forces are analysed.

The Stress and Strain Analysis in the Broadening Stage of Multi-Wedge Synchrostep Rolling Railway Axle by Cross-Wedge Rolling

2010 ◽  
Vol 37-38 ◽  
pp. 1561-1566
Author(s):  
Xue Dao Shu ◽  
Min Xiao ◽  
Chuan Min Li ◽  
Zheng Huan Hu
Keyword(s):  
Strain Distribution ◽  
Strain Analysis ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Stress And Strain ◽  
Main Stage ◽  
Cross Wedge Rolling ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Railway Axle

The broadening stage is the main stage in Multi-wedge Synchrostep Rolling railway axle by Cross-wedge Rolling. Based on the rotated theory of Multi-wedge Rolling, through using Ansys/Ls-Dyna FEM software, This paper provides a systematic analysis of the stress-strain in the broadening stage of Multi-wedge Synchrostep Rolling railway axle by Cross-wedge Rolling. Through this study, it is obtained the stress-strain distribution and evolution on Multi-wedge Synchrostep Rolling railway axle by Cross-wedge Rolling. These research conclusions can provide scientific basis for Multi-wedge Synchrostep Rolling railway axle by Cross-wedge Rolling.

The integrated stress-strain analysis of calcite twins: Consistent stress and strain determined from natural data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kei Wakamori ◽  
Atsushi Yamaji
Keyword(s):  
Strain Analysis ◽  
Stress And Strain ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Principal Axes ◽  
Calcite Veins ◽  
Natural Data ◽  
Paleostress Analysis

&lt;p&gt;Stress and strain are different physical entities. Do the stress and strain determined from &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt;-twins in a sample of polycrystalline calcite have similar principal orientations and similar shape ratios? K&amp;#246;pping et al. (2019) tackled this question by applying Turner&amp;#8217;s (1953) classical method of paleostress analysis to natural data. However, despite the assumption of the method, the orientations of P- and T-axes of an &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt;-twin lamella do not have a one-to-one correspondence with the principal orientations of the stress that formed the lamella. And, the method cannot determine a shape ratio. Another difficulty arises when one tackles the question: Natural calcite has usually been subjected to polyphase tectonics with different stress conditions. One has to separate stresses and to evaluate corresponding strains from a sample. Once lamellae are grouped according to the stresses, the strain achieved by the formation of a group of twin lamellae is easily evaluated by the method of Conel (1962) if the total strain represented by a group is small.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The present authors tackled the question by combining Conel&amp;#8217;s strain analysis method with a novel method of paleostress analysis of mechanical twins, which clusters the directional data of &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt;-twins by means of a statistical mixture model and determines stresses for each group of data. And, the appropriate number of stresses is determined by means of Bayesian information criterion. The method also determines the probabilities of each lamella to be formed by the stresses, which are called the memberships of the lamella. The strain achieved under a stress condition can be computed using the memberships. We applied this integrated stress-strain analysis method to Data Sets I and II from two calcite veins in a Miocene forearc basin deposit in central Japan. Since the sampling area was close to a triple-trench junction, the young formation has experienced polyphase tectonics.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;As a result, we obtained the consistent stress and strains from both of the data sets. Three stresses were obtained from Data Set I, and the corresponding strains were 0.17, 0.25 and 0.13%. Two stresses were obtained from Data Set II, and the strains were 0.39 and 0.42%. The stress and strain determined from the data sets for each deformation phase were consistent with each other. That is, the principal axes had difference as small as &lt; 20 degrees, and the shape ratios of stress and strain had also similar values. It is not straightforward to generalize this result, but both the stress and strain analyses seem to give appropriate results, providing that polyphase deformations are coped with.&lt;/p&gt;

Research on the Stress and Strain Field and Wall Thickness in Power Spinning of Ellipsoidal Heads with Variable Thickness

2011 ◽  
Vol 189-193 ◽  
pp. 1960-1963 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Hui Zhang ◽  
He Yang ◽  
Mei Zhan ◽  
Hua Bing Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Contact Zone ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Variable Thickness ◽  
Large Strain ◽  
Stress And Strain ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Power Spinning ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Distribution Of Stress

In this paper, a reasonable 3D FE model for power spinning of ellipsoidal heads with variable thickness has been established under ABAQUS/Explicit and validated. Then the variation of stress, strain and wall thickness during the process are obtained. Furthermore, the influence of the springback on stress, strain and wall thickness are gained with ABAQUS/Standard. The results show the following: (1) In the beginning, large stress, large strain and the thinning zone of wall thickness localize at the small contact zone below the roller; Then the zone extends into a ring and moves towards the position behind the roller; In the end, the ring transfers to the contact zone below the roller again and becomes uneven. The thinning zone is gradually impelled along the generatrix direction, and wall thickness is getting smaller and smaller. (2) The distribution of stress becomes more even after the springback, while the springback has little effect on the distribution of strain and wall thickness.

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